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Postępowanie służb ratunkowych w przypadku skażenia chemicznego

Łyp M., Chmielewski J., Rutkowski A., Stanisławska I., Gworek B., Szpringer M.

Przemysł Chemiczny

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2017

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T. 96, nr 12

2476--2480

PL

W dobie rozwijającego się przemysłu i nowoczesnych technologii chemicznych istotne jest zagwarantowanie bezpieczeństwa społeczeństwu na wypadek pojawienia się zdarzeń prowadzących do niekontrolowanego uwolnienia środków chemicznych. Działania ratunkowe powinny przebiegać w sposób wielowymiarowy. Niezbędne jest zapewnienie bezpieczeństwa służbom ratunkowym na miejscu zdarzenia, określenie etapów i stref działania, rozpoznanie czynnika toksycznego, wyznaczenie i kontrolowanie strefy niebezpiecznej, neutralizacja czynnika, ewakuacja i dekontaminacja poszkodowanych oraz podjęcie medycznych czynności ratunkowych. Właściwa organizacja procedur postępowania na miejscu wypadku masowego i katastrofy, w których doszło do skażenia chemicznego warunkuje powodzenie akcji ratunkowej i decyduje o skali strat w postaci ofiar śmiertelnych, osób z trwałym uszczerbkiem na zdrowiu, a także rozległości zniszczeń materialnych i środowiskowych.

EN

A review, with 21 refs., of procedures used in case of uncontrolled release of chemicals including identification of toxic agents, identification and control of hazardous zones as well as neutralization of toxins, evacuation of disinfected victims and medical service.

2

In Memoriam to Professor Andrzej Władysław Wernik

Stanisławska I., Popielawska B.

Acta Geophysica

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2015

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Vol. 63, no. 3

601--604

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Space weather observational activities and data management in Europe

Stanisławska I., Belehaki A.

Acta Geophysica

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2009

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Vol. 57, no. 1

236-244

EN

One of the primary scientific and technical goals of Space Weather investigations is to produce data in order to study the Sun impact on the Earth and its environment. Studies based on data mining philosophy increase our knowledge of the physical properties of Space Weather, modelling capabilities, and gain applications of various procedures in Space Weather monitoring and forecasting. The paper focuses on an analysis of the availability on the Internet of near-real time and historical collections of the European ground-based and satellite observations, operational indices and parameters. A detailed description of data delivered is included. The following issues are discussed: (1) raw observations, and/or corrected/updated data, (2) resolution and availability of real-time and historical data, (3) products resulting from models and theory including maps, forecasts and alerts, (4) platforms for data delivery.

4

Ionospheric specification and forecasting based on observations from European ionosondes participating in DIAS project

Belehaki A., Cander L., Zolesi B., Bremer J., Juren C., Stanisławska I., Dialetis D., Hatzopoulos M.

Acta Geophysica

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2007

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Vol. 55, no. 3

698-409

EN

There are two main objectives of the DIAS (European Digital Upper Atmos-phere Server) project. First, it establishes a pan-European repository of raw and derived digital data describing the state of ionospheric part of the upper atmosphere, which is capable of ingesting real-time information and maintaining historical data collections provided by most operating ionospheric stations in Europe. Second, the DIAS system produces and distributes, based on the raw data collection, several operational products required by various user groups for ionospheric nowcasting, prediction and forecasting purposes. The project completed on May 2006 and the DIAS server operates since then continuously. The basic products that are delivered are real-time and historical ionograms from all DIAS-affiliated ionospheric stations, frequency plots and maps of the ionosphere over Europe based on the foF2, M(3000)F2, MUF and electron density parameters, as well as long term prediction and short term forecasting up to 24 hour ahead.

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foF2 long-term prediction at a single station with the use of artifical neural network

Stanisławska I.

Acta Geophysica Polonica

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1999

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Vol. 47, nr 2

223-229

EN

The neural network approach has been used for foF2 long-term prediction one hour ageas. The feedfoward multilayer structure has been applied. The neural network was trained on the basis of the data from Uppsala station. The results of numerical experiments performed by using real of foF2 show a satisfactory agreement with measurements.

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Comparison of various foF2 single station models for European area

Alberca L., Juchnikowski G., Stanisławska I., Kouris S., Mikhailov A., Mikhailov V., Miro G., Morena B., Mukhtarov P., Pancheva D., Villanueva L.

Acta Geophysica Polonica

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1999

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Vol. 47, nr 1

77-91

EN

Five Single Station Models (SSM's) for hourly monthly median values of the critical frequency of the ionospheric F2 layer (foF2) obtained from vertical-incidence sounding and global IRI-95 and PRIME/CCIR models have been compared using data from 22 European ionospheric stations. The stations are conveniently distributed to cover the COST 251 area (10 degrees W-60 degrees E, 35 degrees N-70 degrees N). The SSM's have been developed within the frame of COST 238 and COST 251 European Projects. The accuracy of the models has been discussed in terms of standard deviation and average percentage deviation. The Kolmogorov-Smirnov test has been also applied. The results show that all Single Station Models (SSM's) give better accuracy than global models and they can provide a remarkable advantage in mapping techniques.

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Single-station models of ionospheric foF2 parameter usable for prediction and instantaneous mapping

Alberca L. F., Sole G. J., Juchnikowski G., Stanisławska I.

Acta Geophysica Polonica

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1998

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Vol. 46, nr 2

217-227

EN

Hourly monthly median values of the critical frequency of the ionospheric layer F2 (foF2) for some European ionospheric stations have been used in order to develop Single Station Models (SSM's). Those models have been compared with long-term mapping PRIME (Prediction and Retrospective lonospheric Modelling over Europe) model. Also a more generally accepted way of using the SSMs in the development of long-term, short-term and instantaneous mapping schemes has been shown. The usefulness of the SSMs as a source of additional screen-point values for instantaneous mapping of the ionospheric parameters has been presented.