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Comparative Performance Analysis of ISO-Certified and Non-ISO-Certified Companies

Khan Nawar, Mirza Muhammad Bilal, Ali Ashiq, Iqbal Muhammad Junaid, Syed Tasweer Hussain

Management and Production Engineering Review

2024

Vol. 15, No. 4

1--10

A comprehensive review of the extant literature on ISO Management System (IMS) standards certified companies conceded into major business performance improvement factors and elements. The worldwide activities of ISO Development of International Standards Total as of the end of December 2023 are 25111 International Standards and standards-type documents. ISO population data files for the years 2018, 2019, 2020, and 2021) show the standards used for certification in Pakistan besides world ISO population data. In 2023, a total of 1,465 International Standards and standards-type documents were published. Due to space limitations in the research paper, only one data file is attached to this paper. The most popular and populous standard among all is the ISO 9000 Quality Management System (QMS) standards adopted in Pakistan. The identified factors and elements /items were reviewed and converted into criteria set and framework. The analysis of this secondary experiential data shows that IMS standards certification improves the businesses’ performance. A survey questionnaire was designed on these business performance improvement factors and elements and pilot-tested to establish its ‘Reliability and Validity’. This questionnaire was used to collect national primary empirical data from both IMS standards-certified and non-certified businesses in all chambers of commerce and industry in Pakistan, including women’s chambers. The analysis of this national primary empirical data also shows an impact of IMS standards certification on businesses’ performance. Hence, it supports the results of secondary ISO experiential data analysis. Also, in comparative performance analysis, the IMS standards certified businesses outperformed the non-certified businesses. The IMS standards certification contributes to the prosperity, sustainability, technical, managerial, financial, Operational, communication, social, and environmental improvement, etc. of the businesses, thus increasing the national GDP. This improvement trend ultimately helps in attaining SDG goals set by the UN for all nations.

Acceleration Process of Food Waste Treatment and Higher Quality Product with Innovative Rotary Kiln Composter

Purwono Purwono, Zaman Badrus, Budihardjo Mochamad Arief, Iqbal Muhammad Junaid

Ecological Engineering & Environmental Technology

2024

Vol. 25, iss. 11

44--57

The objective of this research is to utilize a rotary kiln composter to rapidly process food waste into mature and stable compost without the production of leachate. This research also ensures that the compost generated fulfil to the quality standards established by SNI 19-7030-2004. Furthermore, the operation of the rotary kiln composter can be assisted by using a smartphone, which simplifies the operation. Food waste was chopped and placed into a rotary kiln composter equipped with an aeration system (6 L/min), stirring mechanism, and remote-control functionality via mobile phone for automated operation. Further, a bulking agent was added with a ratio of food waste vs bulking agent of 70:30. The addition of microorganism mass was varied to speed up the composting process for 14 days. The results showed that the compost derived from food waste was stable within 3 days. The temperature of the food waste matrix reached 46 °C, and the pH value of the compost was close to neutral since day 4. In this study, no leachate was produced, either R1, R2, R3, or R4. The final total organic carbon (TOC) content was 12.12–15.22%, Total-N was 0.83–1.04%, phosphorus was 0.18%, and potassium was 1.05%. On the basis of the C / N value and the germination index (GI), the R2, R3, and R4 reactors produced mature and stable compost on the third day with C/N values < 20 and GI > 100%. This result is a good breakthrough because the rotary kiln composter can accelerate the composting process of food waste within 3 days.