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The Prevailing Weather and Traffic Conditions in the Evaluation of a Future ECA in the Mediterranean Sea. A view into the Western Mediterranean

Castells M., Martínez-Osés F. X.

TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation

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2014

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Vol. 8, no. 1

157--163

EN

Appendix III of MARPOL´s Annex VI sets out the criteria and procedures for designating an emission control area (ECA).These criteria includes: a clear delineation of the proposed ECA; types of emissions proposed for control, land and sea areas at risk; emission quantification and impact assessment; prevailing weather conditions; data and quality on marine traffic; land based measures concurrent with the ECA adoption and the relative costs of reducing emissions from ships. This paper analyses the climate parameter together with traffic conditions: prevailing weather conditions as a parameter to be kept in mind for the adoption of a future ECA in the Mediterranean Sea. Preliminary results would show how marine emissions coming from existing traffic will impact the sea and land ecology in the Mediterranean area.

2

Comparison of Survival and Safety Requirements in European Union for Recreational Craft Inspections. A Spanish Case Study

Torralbo J., Castells M.

TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation

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2014

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Vol. 8, no. 1

103--111

EN

Statistical data shows that a large number of maritime accidents are related to recreational craft. For instance, in Spain, more than fifty percent of the emergencies are related to pleasure boats at sea. Recreational craft marketed in the EU must comply with harmonized technical safety and environmental requirements defined by Directive 94/25/EC, as amended in 2003. On 28 December 2013, the new recreational craft directive 2013/53/EU was published in the Official Journal of the European Union. EU Member States have until 18 January 2016 to amend their national legislation and transpose the new directive. The current directive 94/25/EC as amended by directive 2003/44/EC will be repealed on 18 January 2016, after the full application of the new text. Although this directive, there is not a clear coordination and equivalence among the EU countries according to the survival and safety equipment compulsory for recreational crafts. The main purpose of this paper is to analyze and compare the types of survey / inspections to be carried in pleasure craft (non-commercial use), periodicity and required safety equipment in some member states of the European Union. A case study of Spain is presented. From the results obtained, we can make clear that in the European Union there is a lack of coordination in this area and indicate the need to unify a common pattern in inspections and survival and safety requirements of recreational boats in the EU.

3

Development of a Costs Simulator to Assess New Maritime Trade Routes

De-Oses F. X., Castells M., Nuevo M.

TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation

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2011

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Vol. 5, no. 3

311--314

EN

This paper is going to describe the design process of a simulator that assesses the costs of dif-ferent means of transport. The evaluation not only will be done regarding the internal costs but also the exter-nal costs that will be translated to environmental costs, based on existing databases. The paper shows the de-velopment carried out to create this simulator and analyse all components of the logistical chain, i.e. port operation costs, road haulage costs and maritime leg costs. The simulation results have been validated with real data of actual maritime routes to check its reliability. As a conclusion, the costs simulator permits assess costs of new maritime trade routes comparing them with road transport.

4

Sustainability of Motorways of the Sea and Fast Ships

Martinez F. X., Castells M.

TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation

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2009

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Vol. 3, no. 1

51--54

EN

The European transport policy undertakes to enhance sustainability in transport in order to boost economic activities in the whole EU. The reduction of pollutant emissions and a better balance among modes of transportation to cut road congestion are the pillars of the above policy. These factors are encouraging public and private stakeholders to use the freight maritime alternative more extensively. Short sea shipping is considered the quickest way to reach sustainability. Another advantage of ships over trucks and trains is that vessels consume less fuel as a result of the relatively low speeds at which they travel. However, increasingly faster ships are in a position to compete with trucks, but the former’s greater power demand and consumption rate result in higher pollutant emission levels which, in turn, lead to the loss of their environmental advantage over road transport. This problem is analyzed below.