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2 2023

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Growth and Development of Sweet Corn Plants in the Agro-Ecological Conditions of the Western Region of Ukraine

Hryhoriv Yaroslava, Butenko Andrii, Masyk Ihor, Onychko Tetiana, Davydenko Gennadiy, Bondarieva Liudmyla, Hotvianska Anna, Horbunova Karine, Yevtushenko Yevhen, Mykola Vandyk

Ecological Engineering & Environmental Technology

2023

Vol. 24, iss. 4

216--222

The results of research on the influence of growing technology and its individual elements on the growth, development and photosynthetic activity of corn plants hybrid Moreland F1 under conditions of Western region of Ukraine are presented. The purpose of the research was to determine influence of cultivation technology elements on the formation and efficiency of assimilation apparatus of sweet corn plants. Research was conducted during 2019–2021 on sod–podzolic soil using field, calculation–weighting, and mathematical–statistical methods. Dynamics peculiarities of individual leaf surface area of the plant and agrocenosis of corn as a whole by the stages of crop development have been determined. Based on the results of statistical and correlation analyses, dependences between main indices of photosynthetic activity and corn yielding capacity, as well as those that change the most under influence of agrotechnology elements, were determined. Reaction of the crop on the change in intensity level of cultivation technology has been established, which is manifested through the functional response of individual photosynthetic plant system and the crop as a whole and is expressed in strengthening of their assimilation activity. Optimal limits of biometric indices of photosynthetic activity of sweet corn plants in crops when being reached, a productive grain yield is formed, have been presented.

Ecological and Economic Study of Winter Wheat Varieties by Different Geographical Origin

Sobko Mykola, Butenko Yevheniia, Davydenko Gennadiy, Solarov Oleksandr, Pylypenko Viacheslav, Makarova Viktoriia, Mikulina Maryna, Samoshkina Iryna, Antonovskyi Oleksandr, Poriadynskyi Volodymyr

Ecological Engineering & Environmental Technology

2023

Vol. 24, iss. 1

12--21

The results of research on increasing resistance of winter wheat varieties of different geographical origins to adverse weather conditions in the zone of unstable moistening in the North-Eastern Forest Steppe of Ukraine have been summarized. Rational use of agrometeorological resources made it possible to determine optimal terms of work on the elements of cultivation technology, taking into account weather conditions of the current year nd on their basis, to improve adaptive technologies for growing winter wheat varieties. This contributed to increase of yielding capacity, quality of grain and sustainability of agriculture. Such conditions were favorable for winter wheat crops of late sowing periods, the plants of which reached tillering phase on a significant part already in winter period. Yielding capacity of winter wheat by sowing dates (on average by varieties) was: September 1 – 5.72 t ha-1, September 10 – 5.54 t ha-1, September 20 – 5.41 t ha-1, October 1 – 5.45 t ha-1, October 10 – 4.87 t ha-1, October 20 – 5.11 t ha-1, November 1 – 5.06 t ha-1. Kraevyd and Pylypivka were the most productive among winter wheat varieties under conditions of 2020. Their yielding capacity varied between 6.18–6.88 t ha-1 and 5.53–6.30 t ha-1 depending on sowing dates. The highest level of profitability was provided by Kraevyd variety (120.0–131.2%) at late sowing dates (October 1 – November 1).