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EN
The Protein Data Bank (PDB) undergoes an exponential expansion in terms of the number of macromolecular structures deposited every year. A pivotal question is how this rapid growth of structural information improves the quality of three-dimensional models constructed by contemporary bioinformatics approaches. To address this problem, we performed a retrospective analysis of the structural coverage of a representative set of proteins using remote homology detected by COMPASS and HHpred. We show that the number of proteins whose structures can be confidently predicted increased during a 9-year period between 2005 and 2014 on account of the PDB growth alone. Nevertheless, this encouraging trend slowed down noticeably around the year 2008 and has yielded insignificant improvements ever since. At the current pace, it is unlikely that the protein structure prediction problem will be solved in the near future using existing template-based modeling techniques. Therefore, further advances in experimental structure determination, qualitatively better approaches in fold recognition, and more accurate template-free structure prediction methods are desperately needed.
EN
The starting structure of ab initio protein structure prediction methods is problematic as the energy minimization procedure stops searching for an optimal structure of the function's local minimum. The method presented in the paper helps to find the starting structure. Although it is based on the known native protein structure, it seems to deliver a key to the formation of a common universal starting structure. The limited conformational sub-space, defined on the basis of a geometrical model of the polypeptide backbone with the side chain-side chain interaction excluded, seems to deliver the original structure of the polypeptide, which is modified step by step as the role of the side chain interactions increases during the energy minimization procedure. Here, the method is applied to human hemoglobin chains alpha and ß to test the applicability of the method to proteins with a high content of helical forms and lacking disulphide bonds.
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