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1

Aerial photographs of mainland China acquired by U-2 spy planes: their characteristics and potential uses

Sato R., Kobayashi S., Jia R.

Teledetekcja Środowiska

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2016

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T. 54

61--73

EN

This paper reported characteristics of aerial photographs of mainland China taken by U-2 spy planes, which were archived and made public in NARA II of USA, and discussed the possibility to use them for environmental studies. U-2 photographs of China, which have high ground resolution of about 75cm were mainly taken in the first half of 1960s. Large amount of photographs including oblique photos as well as overlapped vertical photos covers vast range of China and enable us to use for detailed stereoscopic interpretation as well as creating ortho photos and digital surface models. Case studies in Loess Plateau (Shaanxi Province, China) showed the possibility of detailed observations of land features and land uses such as cave dwellings, check dams, agricultural terraces and cultivated crops, as well as estimation of the amount of gully erosion. In the process of archival research in NARA II, however, various inconveniences were found and improvement of retrieval system were desired.

PL

W artykule opisano charakterystykę zdjęć lotniczych Chin kontynentalnych wykonanych przez samoloty szpiegowskie U-2, które zostały zarchiwizowane i upublicznione w NARA II w USA, a także omówiono możliwości wykorzystania ich w studiach ochrony środowiska. Fotografie lotnicze z samolotów U-2, wykonanych nad terytorium Chin, mają wysoką rozdzielczość terenową, wynoszącą około 75 cm, zostały wykonane głównie w pierwszej połowie lat sześćdziesiątych XX wieku. Duża liczba zdjęć, w tym zdjęcia skośne, a także zdjęcia pionowe w pokryciu stereoskopowym obejmują znaczną powierzchnię Chin. Pozwalają one na szczegółową interpretację stereoskopową, jak również na tworzenie ortozdjęć i cyfrowych modeli terenu. Studia przypadków na płaskowyżu lessowym (prowincja Shaanxi, Chiny) wskazały na możliwość szczegółowych obserwacji cech terenu i użytkowania gruntów, takich jak mieszkania w jaskiniach, tamy kontrolne, tarasy rolnicze i pola uprawne, a także oszacowanie wielkości erozji. W procesie korzystania z archiwalnych zasobów zdjęć w NARA II (National Archives and Records Administration - USA) stwierdzono różne niedogodności i pożądane było ulepszenie systemu pobierania zdjęć.

2

Dynamic behaviours of driving torque of machine tools in microscopic motion

Yamazaki T., Kaneko S., Sato R.

Journal of Achievements in Materials and Manufacturing Engineering

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2007

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Vol. 20, nr 1-2

523-526

EN

Purpose: This paper presented more details for control analysis of the dynamic behaviors of the feed drive systems that have been widely used in machine tools. Design/methodology/approach: In order to analyze the nonlinear behaviors of the feed drive system in microscopic motion, the dynamic driving torques were measured when the sinusoidal waves of the microscopic displacement are applied to the AC servo motor. Findings: The experimental results showed that the distortion of the driving torque response to the sinusoidal wave input of the microscopic displacement becomes gradually evident as the input amplitude increases. With the particular input amplitudes of 200 mm and over, it can be found that the driving torque response for the displacement show the periodic response. It is considered in the AC servo motor used by experiment that the vibration is caused whenever the motor rotates by 20 degrees. It is consider that it is affected by the structure of the motor. Research limitations/implications: The results of this research covered the feed drive system with the AC servo motor and rolling guide. However, because the dynamic behavior the rolling element was analyzed, it was also applicable the feed drive system with the linear motor and rolling guide. Practical implications: This paper cleared more details of driving torque in microscopic motion, the performance of the feed drive system with rolling elements would be improved. Originality/value: The objective of this research project was to develop the feed drive system with the one mechanism and with the high accuracy.

3

Dynamic behaviours of driving torque of machine tools in microscopic motion

Yamazaki T., Kaneko S., Sato R.

Journal of Achievements in Materials and Manufacturing Engineering

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2006

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Vol. 15, nr 1-2

88--93

EN

Purpose: This paper presented more details for control analysis of the dynamic behaviors of the feed drive systems that have been widely used in machine tools. Design/methodology/approach: In order to analyze the nonlinear behaviors of the feed drive system in microscopic motion, the dynamic driving torques were measured when the sinusoidal waves of the microscopic displacement are applied to the AC servo motor. Findings: The experimental results showed that the distortion of the driving torque responses to the sinusoidal wave input of the microscopic displacement become gradually evident as the input amplitude increases. It was evident that the driving torque depends on the input amplitude, but not the input frequency. With the particular input amplitudes of 5um and over, it was clear that the trajectories for different initial driving torques show the same patterns. Research limitations/implications: The results of this research covered the feed drive system with the AC servo motor and rolling guide. However, because the dynamic behavior the rolling element was analyzed, it was alse applicable the feed drive system with the linear motor and rolling guide. Practical implications: This paper cleared more details of driving torque in(at) microscopic motion, the performance of the feed drive system with rolling elements would be improved. Originality/value: The objective of this research project was to develop the feed drive system with the one mechanism and with the high accuracy.