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Evaluation of emission level of biofuels from waste-free production in compression-ignition engines

Kurczyna D., Kołodziejczyk K., Sznyr J., Kruczyński S. W., Orliński P., Wojs M. K.

Journal of KONES

2016

Vol. 23, No. 1

185--191

This article presents the impact of biofuel for compression-ignition engines, produced with the use of innovative production technology, on the emission of toxic substances. The innovative production technology of biodiesel does not generate by-products, eliminating the need for development glycerol fraction and toxic methanol, substances inconvenient for environment. This technology is not currently well known and not used on an industrial scale. The essence of this technology is to carry out the transesterification of triglycerides and methyl acetate in special conditions and with using an alkaline catalyst. The only product of this technology is a mixture of fatty acid methyl esters and glycerol triacetate (no by-products). In the first part of the article, selected physical and chemical properties of such biofuel in comparison to the limits specified in the standard quality requirements for this type of products (EN 14214) were discussed. In the next part, the results of empirical studies were evaluated, showing the influence of speed and load conditions in test engine Perkins 1104C-E44TA on concentrations of harmful components in the exhaust gases such as carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides, hydrocarbons, particulates. Engine tests were performed with using biofuels selected by the authors. The measurement system, consisted of an AVL CEB II gas analyser and MEXA-1230PM device for measure of particulate matter in real time, to measure the concentrations of toxic exhaust components was used. Based on the concentration of toxic components of exhaust gases according to Test C1 according to ISO 8178, the emission of the above-mentioned normalized toxic components of exhaust gases was determined. In the final part of the article, the results of empirical studies on the concentrations of toxic exhaust gases in the linear-point diagrams, and emission in the bar chart diagrams were presented.

Operational parameters of fame under low temperature

Kruczyński S. W., Kołodziejczyk K., Orliński P., Kurczyna D.

Zeszyty Naukowe Instytutu Pojazdów / Politechnika Warszawska

2014

z. 1/97

131--137

The article presents the results of research concerning the possible application of mixtures of methyl esters of different origin as bio-fuel or fuel component for compression-ignition engines used in transport in winter conditions. As an alternative source of vegetable oil Camelina sativa were used. Comparative analyzes of changes in different samples storaged at low temperature conditions (test compatibility) were made. The effectiveness of low-temperature additives in selected four blends were tested. Studies were also performed on engine test bench Robin SY with using cooled fuel samples to determine the effect of fuel temperature on the most important parameters characterizing the combustion process. The results obtained for these samples were referred to the results for the standard diesel fuel, under the same conditions engine work.

W artykule zamieszczono wyniki badań dotyczące możliwości zastosowania mieszanek estrów metylowych różnego pochodzenia jako samoistnego biopaliwa lub komponentu paliwa do silników z zapłonem samoczynnym stosowanych w środkach transportu w warunkach zimowych. Jako alternatywne źródło pozyskiwania oleju roślinnego wykorzystano lnicznik siewny. Dokonano analiz porównawczych zmian zachodzących w próbkach o różnym składzie podczas przechowywania ich w warunkach obniżonej temperatury (test kompatybilności). Sprawdzono skuteczność działania dodatków niskotemperaturowych w wyselekcjonowanych czterech mieszankach. Przeprowadzono również badania na silniku badawczym Robin SY schłodzonych mieszanek w celu określenia wpływu temperatury podawanego biopaliwa na najistotniejsze parametry charakteryzujące proces spalania. Uzyskane wyniki badań dla tych mieszanin, w tych samych warunkach pracy silnika, odniesiono do rezultatów dla standardowego oleju napędowego.