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Refuse Derived Fuel Potential Production from Temple Waste as Energy Alternative Resource in Bali Island

Wijaya I. Made Wahyu, Wiratama I. Gusti Ngurah Made, Putra I. Kadek Ardi, Aris Azmi

Journal of Ecological Engineering

2023

Vol. 24, nr 4

288--296

The leakage of temple waste in the environment surrounding the temples has made the image of temples not only a cultural icon but also a contributor to landfill waste on the island. About 292.36 kg of temple waste is generated from a single ceremonial at Griya Anyar Tanah Kilap Temple. The temple waste consists of 90,16% of organic waste (food, leaf and discarded flower) that is easily biodegraded. This research aimed to examine the temple waste to be recycled into Refuse Derived Fuel (RDF). Leaf and flower waste are used as RDF material using two different drying methods, namely natural drying and pyrolysis. The results showed that the pyrolysis RDF has a similar caloric value to the natural drying RDF with 3311.7 kcal/kg and 2912.7 kcal/kg, respectively. According to the electrical power potential, pyrolysis RDF has 3856.19 kWh/tons, meanwhile natural drying RDF has 3391.59 kWh/tons. The pyrolysis RDF has less organic content and quite higher ash content than the natural drying RDF, making it better quality and appropriate to be applied in the community for a long-term sustainable temple waste recycling.

Unlocking the Energy Potential of Temple Waste and Coconut Fiber through Refuse-Derived Fuel Production toward Sustainable Energy

Wijaya I. Made Wahyu, Wiratama I. Gusti Ngurah Made, Putra I. Kadek Ardi, Atmaja Ni Putu Cempaka Dharmadewi

Ecological Engineering & Environmental Technology

2023

Vol. 24, iss. 7

19--29

Organic temple waste has the potential to be used as biomass-based fuel, with a 90% composition of biodegradable waste consisting of leaves, flowers, fruit, and food scraps. To minimize environmental impact, proper management efforts are necessary to handle the temple waste and produce a valuable product. An alternative method for dealing with organic waste includes producing fuel from biomass which is refuse-derived fuel (RDF). This would not only create a new product for waste wages but also prevent them from ending up as waste in the landfill. The current research aimed to investigate the characteristics of organic temple waste and coconut fiber as RDF material and its potential to replace coal use. The RDF was produced from temple waste using leaf and flower components combined with coconut fiber as the primary ingredients. The material was dried, ground, and produced into powder form before it was analyzed in terms of its characteristics. RDF made from temple waste has best result among coconut fibre and the both mixture with above 4800 kcal/kg. It belongs to class 2 solid fuels based on their characteristics, according to the National Standard for biomass-based fuel. Furthermore, the RDF still needs to be improved for industrial scale and requirement. Product durability test has shown good result for the temple waste material comparing with coconut fibre and coal. The study showed that temple waste and coconut fibre are promising to be processed into RDF as coal substitution in the combustion process.