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2 Journal of Ecological Engineering

2 2025

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Comparative analysis of predictive models for Tamarindus indica waste briquettes higher heating value

Bunga Fredrik Julius Haba, Dethan Jemmy J.S., Bullu Novi I., Hetharia Gabriela E., Bunga Eryc Z. Haba

Journal of Ecological Engineering

2025

Vol. 26, nr 1

345--354

Utilising biomass waste as a renewable energy source has gained a lot of interest as a means of reducing reliance on fossil fuels. Among the many types of biomass, tamarind fruit peel (Tamarindus indica), which is commonly discarded, holds promise as a feedstock for briquette production due to its favorable combustion properties. In order to ascertain the higher heating value (HHV) of briquettes made from tamarind peel waste, this study employs proximate analysis, which takes into account the materials’ moisture content, ash content, volatile matter, and fixed carbon. In this research, three models Wahid, Nhuchhen and Afzal, and Kieseler were comparatively analyzed to predict the HHV of tamarind peel briquettes. The study also explored the effects of particle size and binder ratio on briquette performance, specifically on HHV and combustion properties. Tamarind peel was processed into different powder sizes, mixed with varying binder ratios, and formed into briquettes. The three predictive models were statistically evaluated using R2, the Bayesian information criterion (BIC), and the akaike information criterion (AIC) after the briquettes were proximally analysed. With an R2 of 0.96, the Wahid model showed the highest prediction accuracy, followed by Nhuchhen (0.93) and Kieseler (0.78), according to the data. Wahid’s model also had the lowest AIC (45.3) and BIC (47.1), indicating it is the most efficient model for predicting the HHV of tamarind peel briquettes. According to the study, the best combinations for improved briquette performance were determined when particle size and binder ratio were found to have a substantial impact on the combustion characteristics. By turning leftover tamarind peel into a renewable energy source, this study promotes environmentally friendly waste management while also fostering energy innovation. The findings provide valuable insights into the optimization of biomass briquette production and highlight the potential of tamarind peel as an underutilized biomass resource.

Characterization and performance analysis of Kesambi branch biomass briquettes: A study on particle size effects

Abineno Jemseng C., Dethan Jemmy J.S., Bunga Fredrik Julius Haba, Bunga Eryc Z. Haba

Journal of Ecological Engineering

2025

Vol. 26, nr 1

213--222

This study investigates the characterization and performance of biomass briquettes produced from the branches of the Kesambi tree (Schleichera oleosa), a previously underutilized biomass resource in East Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia. The increasing demand for Kesambi wood in traditional sei meat smoking has raised concerns about the sustainability of tree resources, highlighting the need for alternative fuel solutions. Utilizing Kesambi branches as briquette material could alleviate pressure on tree trunks while preserving the unique qualities of sei meat. The research focuses on the effects of particle size on the briquette’s physical and thermal properties. Kesambi branches were ground to different particle sizes (20, 40, and 60 mesh) and mixed with a tapioca flour binder. Briquette properties were analyzed through density, compressive strength, moisture content, ash content, volatile matter, and fixed carbon, using ASTM standards. Results indicated that smaller particle sizes resulted in higher density and compressive strength, enhancing combustion efficiency. The study also applied various empirical models to predict the higher heating value (HHV) based on proximate analysis data, evaluated through AIC and BIC for model accuracy. This research demonstrates that Kesambi branch briquettes not only provide a sustainable fuel alternative but also contribute to local economic development by creating job opportunities in biomass processing. Ultimately, these innovations support the conservation of Kesambi tree resources while promoting environmental sustainability in energy production.