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Cybersecurity in maritime industry

Neumann Tomasz

TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation

2024

Vol. 18 No. 4

765--774

The maritime industry is increasingly adopting digital solutions to optimize operations, reduce costs, improve data processing speeds, promote sustainability, and enhance safety. Advances in information technology, particularly through satellite internet connections, have enabled seamless communication between IT and operational systems. However, these developments also introduce significant cybersecurity risks. To mitigate these challenges, international regulations, such as the IMO’s Maritime Cyber Risk Management Resolution (2021), and guidelines have been implemented, emphasizing the integration of cybersecurity into Safety Management Systems (SMS). Effective cybersecurity management requires a top-down approach, beginning with executive leadership and fostering a culture of cybersecurity throughout organizations. Frameworks like those developed by the U.S. National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) complement IMO guidelines by providing tools to assess and manage cyber risks, especially in offshore operations experiencing rapid technological advancements. The offshore sector, vital to renewable energy and maritime economy growth, faces unique risks due to its dependency on interconnected systems. Comprehensive measures are necessary to safeguard navigation, protect infrastructure, and ensure personnel safety while adhering to evolving regulatory and technological standards. This paper highlights the need for robust cybersecurity frameworks to secure maritime operations against emerging threats, including data breaches, system manipulation, and cyberattacks, which pose challenges to global trade and maritime safety.