Wyniki wyszukiwania - BazTech

1

Wpływ kompozytu bakteryjnego na ograniczenie emisji odorów i dynamikę rozwoju mikroflory odpadów komunalnych

Breza-Boruta B., Troczyński M., Hermann J., Paluszak Z., Skowron K.

Przemysł Chemiczny

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2010

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T. 89, nr 4

330-337

2

Detergenty pochodzące ze ścieków w środowisku przyrodniczym

Troczyński M.

Ekologia i Technika

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2006

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R. 14, nr 4

156-163

PL

Jedną z największych grup substancji syntetycznych wprowadzanych do środowiska przyrodniczego stanowią substancje powierzchniowo czynne. Największe ilości detergentów znajdują się w wodach powierzchniowych i w glebach. Syntetyczne środki powierzchniowo czynne trafiają do środowiska przede wszystkim wraz ze ściekami i osadami ściekowymi.

EN

One of the biggest group of anthropogenic synthetic substances in the environment are surfactants. Sewage treatment plants do not ensure the ultimate biodegradation of surfactants. Incomplete, primary degradation products are not well known yet, and can be far by more toxic than precursors. In consequence of incomplete degradation and sorption, considerable amount of surfactants and derivatives are introduced with effluents and sludge to surface waters and soils. Biodegradation rate under environmental conditions is slower, where specific microbial community and adaptation period is required. Strong sorption of surfactants to sediments and soil cause a delay of biodegradation of pollutants. Sorption is positively correlated with clay content, organic matter (especially humic substances) and calcium carbonate content. Even for easily-degradable detergents the half-live time can be two times longer in heavy soils, and there often occurs refractory surfactant pool, not available for bioconversion processes. The toxicity of detergents is not very high, but the exposure to a small concentration over a long time can be dangerous because of bioaccumulation risk. One of the best investigated examples is endocrine-disrupting activity of alkylphenols as a product of incomplete degradation of polyethoxylated alkylphenols. In soils toxic concentrations of surfactants occurs rare, and the main part of pollutants is immobilised. The risk of sewage sludge utilisation seems low but agricultural way of waste incineration requires a careful dosage and continuos monitoring of pollutants fate in the environment.

3

Degradacja i immobilizacja dodecylobenzenosulfonianu (DBS) i siarczanu dodecylu (SDS) w procesie wapnowania osadów ściekowych

Troczyński M., Hermann J.

Ekologia i Technika

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2006

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R. 14, nr 2

59-64

PL

Osady ściwkowe zawierają wiele antropogenicznych związków organicznych, które mogą powodować zanieczyszczenie gleby. Detergenty, szczególnie anionowe, w wyniku stosowania osadów ściekowych w rolnictwie mogą trafiać do gleby w znacznych ilościach. Celem pracy było zbadanie degradacji i mobilności dwu szeroko stosowanych detergentów anionowych w osadach ściekowych poddanych działaniu tlenku wapnia.

EN

Sewage sludge contains wide spectrum of organic chemicals, which can cause the soil contamination. Surfactants, especially anionic, due to agricultural use of sludge, can rich soil in a considerably large amount. There is very limited information available in the literature about fate of surfactants during liming, what is one of the most popular methods used for stabilization of sewage sludge before its land application. The aim of the presented work was to investigate effects of liming on surfactants present in sewage sludge. Two of popular anionic surfactants were studied; dodecylbenzene sulfonate and sodium dodecyl sulfate. Sludge samples were spiked with a surfactant and treated with CaO subsequently. Degradation of about 40% of the added surfactants was noted. Due to strong sorption an immobilization of more than 90% remaining pool of the investigated substances was observed. Liming was not a very effective method for degradation of anionic surfactants, but thanks to immobilization of contaminants ground water pollution risk decreases and allows the slow-rate degradation in soils.