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Sto lat Polskiego Towarzystwa Geologicznego (1921– 2021)

Sikora Rafał, Waśkowska Anna, Kowalczewska Oliwia, Krzywiec Piotr, Ploch Izabela

Przegląd Geologiczny

2022

Vol. 70, nr 4

247--266

The Polish Geological Society (PGS) was established on April 24, 1921. The seat of the PGS Board is in Kraków, as the Jagiellonian University in Kraków was the most active centre of geological sciences before Poland regained independence in 1918. Forover100years, the main forms of the Society's activity have been annual conferences in various parts of Poland and the publication of the journal Annales Societatis Geologorum Poloniae. There are three main periods in the history of the Society. During the first period, covering the years 1921-1939, the activities of PGS focused on the integration of the geological community and the development of regional branches (Warszawa, Lwów, Borysław and Wilno). During this period, the tradition of annual scientific meetings of PGS in various parts of Poland was established. Additionally, PGS members were instrumental in establishing the Carpatho-Balkan Geological Association and the INQUA. The development of PGS was abruptly stopped in September 1939 by World War II, during which several dozens of Society's members lost their lives. The third period covers the post-war period. The most intense development of the society took place in the 1960s and 1970s, when membership reached almost 1,500 active members, and the attendance at the annual meetings was in the order of hundreds of participants, often including foreign guests. During this period, many regional branches and specialist sections were established. The society's activity was high also during the crisis years of the1980s. After the political changes in 1989-1990, PGS significantly developed international contacts. In the1990s, representatives of the Society were invited to AEGS, EFG and AAPG, which resulted in the organization of numerous international conferences. One of the most important initiatives of the 21st century was the organization of the Polish Geological Congresses in 2008, 2012 and 2016. The most important element of the Society's activities is still the very popular annual PGS Scientific Meetings together with the accompanying field trips and seminars.

Foraminiferal and calcareous nannoplankton bioevents and changes at the Late Cretaceous : earliest Paleogene transition in the northern margin of Tethys (Hyżne section, Polish Carpathians)

Machaniec Elżbieta Katarzyna, Kowalczewska Oliwia, Jugowiec Małgorzata, Gasiński M. Adam, Uchman Alfred

Geological Quarterly

2020

Vol. 64, No. 3

567--588

Foraminifera and calcareous nannoplankton from the Cretaceous-Paleogene (K-Pg) transition in the Hyżne section (Outer Carpathians, south-eastern Poland) show a relatively complete biostratigraphic record. Despite the absence of the Pα Zone in turbiditic deposits of the Polish Carpathians, the planktonic foraminiferal zones of the Late Cretaceous-Early Paleogene interval are well defined, including (1) the late Maastrichtian Abathomphalus mayaroensis Zone and its equivalents, (2) the earliest Danian Guembelitria cretacea second bloom Zone (P0 Zone), and (3) the top of the early Danian Parasubbotina cf. pseudobulloides (P1a) Zone. The foraminiferal events recorded in the studied section at the K-Pg transition are stratigraphically important. They include: (1) the interval with A. mayaroensis occurrence, (2) the interval with gradual disappearance of planktonic foraminifera from the most complex K-strategy forms, through the less specialized species to the large Heterohelicidae turnovers, and (3) the G. cretacea first and second blooms. Furthermore, the bloom of the opportunistic, benthic Bolivinita sp., the size reduction event, and the dissolution of the tests of the planktonic foraminifera are recorded. The K-Pg interval bioevents can be useful for better stratigraphic resolution of the flysch deposits of the Outer Carpathians. The nannoplankton event is represented by the appearance of Cruciplacolithus primus, which marks the onset of the return to more stable environmental conditions after the perturbations at the K-Pg boundary. The K-Pg boundary occurs within dark grey marly mudstones, above the upper boundary of the G. cretacea first bloom, and above the highest occurrence of the agglutinated foraminifera Goesella rugosa, at the top of the nannofossil CC 26 Zone, and below the deep-water agglutinated foraminifera (DWAF) dominance. The foraminiferal assemblages derive from different bathymetric zones corresponding to (1) the upper bathyal zone in the late Campanian (nannoplankton CC 22 Zone) and early late Maastrichtian (A. mayaroensis Zone), (2) the shelf margin in the latest late Maastrichtian (CC 26 nannoplankton Zone, G. cretacea first bloom), (3) the shelf margin in the earliest Danian (G. cretacea second bloom, Np1/2 Zone), and (4) the middle-lower bathyal depth, below a local foraminiferal lysocline and above CCD, in the latest early Danian (P. pseudobulloides Zone). As the foraminifera could have been redeposited by turbiditic currents, they do not necessarily show real bathymetric changes in the area of deposition. Such changes have not been observed in sedimentary features of the studied deposits. Foraminiferal and nannoplankton assemblages are typical of the “transitional zone” between the Tethyan and Boreal domains.