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2 2022

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Analysis of Structural and Non-Structural Disaster Mitigation Due to Erosion in the Timbulsloko Village, Demak – Central Java

Sugianto Denny Nugroho, Widiaratih Rikha, Widada Sugeng, Suripin, Handayani Elinna Putri, Cahyaningtyas Putri

Journal of Ecological Engineering

2022

Vol. 23, nr 2

246--254

Timbulsloko is a village on the coast of Sayung District, Demak Regency that is severely affected by coastal erosion. The coastal erosion in the Timbulsloko Village is mainly caused by the removal of mangrove areas, which has eliminated the function of the natural breakwater for the coast of the Timbulsloko Village. This study aimed to mitigate the coastal erosion in the form of structural and non-structural protection. Structurally (physically), mitigation is conducted by protecting the coastal area with the application of environmentally friendly coastal protection technology in the form of a Permeable breakwater with a Hybrid Engineering structure. Furthermore, the effectiveness of two different structure segments in damping waves from September 2020 – March 2021 will be measured. In contrast, non-structurally, mitigation is conducted in a non-physical way by analyzing the Coastal Vulnerability Index of Timbulsloko Village based on the parameters of Coastal Typology, Average Tidal Range, Significant Wave Height, Coastal Slope, Coastal Geomorphology, Sea Level Rises, and Shoreline Displacement using the CVI method. The effectiveness of the permeable structure’s wave damping is determined by the initial wave height and transmission wave height measured by the ultrasonic sensor. On the basis of segment differences, the Permeable Breakwater Segment 2 with a distance between bamboo of 0.25 m has better effectiveness than a Permeable Breakwater Segment 1 with a distance between bamboo of 0.5 m. The results of the Coastal Vulnerability Analysis show that the Timbulsloko Village is vulnerable to coastal disasters, especially coastal erosion.

Phytoplankton Chlorophyll-a Biomass and the Relationship with Water Quality in Barrang Caddi, Spermonde, Indonesia

Maslukah Lilik, Setiawan Riza Yuliratno, Nurdin Nurjannah, Helmi Muhammad, Widiaratih Rikha

Ecological Engineering & Environmental Technology

2022

Vol. 23, iss. 1

25--33

The investigation of spatial changes in phytoplankton biomass and turbidity provide essential information for the survival of the coral reef ecosystem. The phytoplankton biomass variations are driven by many factors, such as nutrient inputs from anthropogenic and natural. In turn, turbidity is determined by sediment resuspension or transport from terrestrial systems. The estimation of phytoplankton biomass is represented by the chlorophyll-a concentration. This study aimed to analyze the chlorophyll-a dynamics to water quality parameters, such as turbidity, suspended solids, dissolved oxygen, pH, salinity and temperature. The in-situ data gathered at 26 stations in the waters of the Barrang Caddi Island in August 2020. The results show that chlorophyll-a and turbidity have a negative correlation in the western and eastern regions, since turbidity inhibits the rate of photosynthesis and causes the decreasing of phytoplankton biomass. Nevertheless, the highest concentration of chlorophyll-a was found in the southern location, in small spots around islands and reefs, including near Barrang Caddi Island. Total Suspended Solid has more significant effect on chlorophyll-a than other water parameters, such as turbidity, temperature, salinity in the study area.