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Petrographic composition and origin of the Dębowiecki conglomerate, Carpathian Foredeep (Poland) - preliminary results

Majer-Durman A.

Geology, Geophysics and Environment

2014

Vol. 40, no. 1

102

The Dębowiecki conglomerate is a coarse-grained Miocene sediment, which occurs in the western part of the Carpathian Foredeep between Cieszyn, Jastrzębie and Bielsko (Poland). This unit includes varigrained conglomerates and coarse-grained sandstones. The thickness of the unit may reach up to 260 m. The Dębowiecki conglomerate was mentioned for the first time by Petrascheck (see Konior 1965). However, Tołwiński (1950) described this conglomerate in detail and placed it into the so-called "debowiecki layers". This research aims to determine the composition and origin of the Dębowiecki conglomerate's clastic material. At current stage, 22 samples from the Dębowiecki IG 1 borehole were selected. The fraction larger than 2 mm was used for the petrographic analysis. Four petrographic groups were distinguished among the clastic material. Mudstones, sandstones, fragments of carbonates and crystalline rocks have been identified. Mudstone pebbles form the largest group, amounting to 23-57%. They are represented by gray, gray-brown to black rocks. Pebbles characterized by high cohesiveness dominate. Sharpedged and subrounded clasts are predominant, which may indicate a short transport of the material from the source area. Gray, very concise mudstone pebbles with poorly encased grains are very similar to the Carboniferous mudstones which can be found south-west from Dębowiec. It can therefore be assumed that a large part of the material comes from direct substratum of the Dębowiecki conglomerate made of productive Carboniferous, namely the Poręba beds, which are included to the paralic series. The Poręba Beds (Namurian A) occur within the Upper Silesian Coal Basin (Kotas & Malczyk 1972). The sandstones are represented by numerous petrographic varieties (3-24%). The light-grey, with a tinge of brown sandstones, with silica or silty-silicate cement maybe of productive Carboniferous origin. The light-green, fine-grained sandstones with glauconite resemble flysch deposits. The dark-grey sandstones may be of Culm origin. The white-yellow, white or beige limestone clasts (0-11%) indicate the similarity to the Devonian carbonates known from the Śląsk Cieszyński basement. Some of them have also strong affinity with the carbonate exotics from the Carpathians. Among magmatic rocks (0-6%), the granitoids are prevailing. They may come from the flysch deposits, or from the Cieszyn Ridge.

The occurrence of Upper Jurassic limestones in Cracow area and examples of their usage in the city architecture

Majer-Durman A.

Geotourism / Geoturystyka

2012

nr 1-2

13--22

This article presents basic information on the occurrence of Upper Jurassic limestones in the Cracow area and their exploitation in the past as well as providing some examples of their usage in the architecture of the city. Also, a proposal is presented of geotouristic trail to the Upper Jurrasic limestone a quarries located within the city area and through the most interesting architectural objects in Cracow, in which these limestones were used.

Artykuł przedstawia podstawowe informacje na temat występowania wapieni górnojurajskich na terenie Krakowa, miejsca ich eksploatacji w przeszłości oraz podaje przykłady wykorzystania w architekturze miasta. Omówiono reprezentatywne sposoby ich architektonicznego zastosowania. Artykuł zawiera propozycję trasy geoturystycznej po kamieniołomach wapieni jurajskich na terenie miasta i po najciekawszych obiektach architektonicznych Krakowa, w których te wapienie zostały wykorzystane.