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Hydrochemical and ecotoxicological characterisation of water samples from Moldova Noua area, Romania

Vulpe Constantina Bianca, Boros Bianca Vanesa, Matica Mariana Adina, Menghiu Gheorghița, Roman Diana Larisa, Dascălu Daniela, Kovačević Renata, Ostafe Vasile

Ecological Chemistry and Engineering. S

2023

Vol. 30, nr 3

357--372

The abandoned copper mine in the Moldova Noua area is still producing mining pollution today due to the drying of tailings ponds and the carrying of contaminated dust by the winds, leading to potential contamination of surface waters and groundwaters. The purpose of this study is the assessment of some surface waters and groundwaters potentially contaminated by mining pollutants from Moldova Noua area regarding their hydrochemical and ecotoxicological properties. The physicochemical parameters (pH, conductivity, dissolved oxygen, and turbidity) were determined in situ, with the concentrations of heavy metals (As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb, and Zn) being determined in the laboratory. Inhibition of acid phosphatase enzymatic activity and yeast toxicity tests were the two ecotoxicological tests used for the evaluation of mining pollution effects on the quality of surface waters and groundwater. The results highlighted that most of the physicochemical parameters and heavy metal concentrations were within normal limits. With the exception of the surface water sample collected from the Bosneag River, upstream of Moldova Noua, all samples induced inhibition compared to the positive control in the ecotoxicological tests applied. Statistically significant correlations were observed, with the total concentration of iron ions presenting the most statistically significant correlations with other parameters. A grading scale was used to assess the state of the waters, highlighting the weak impact of mining pollutants on the analysed samples.

Human health effects of heavy metal pollution in the cross-border area of Romania and Serbia: a review

Isvoran Adriana, Roman Diana Larisa, Dascalu Daniela, Vlad-Oros Beatrice, Ciorsac Alecu, Pitulice Laura, Jonovic Radojka, Stevanovic Zoran, Ostafe Vasile

Ecological Chemistry and Engineering. S

2021

Vol. 28, nr 3

365--388

This review illustrates the state of air, water and soil pollution with heavy metals resulting from mining activities in the cross-border area of Romania and the Republic of Serbia. It also emphasizes the possible human health effects that certain heavy metals can cause. The heavy metals that were identified as polluting the air, water, and/or soil in the area of interest are: As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Hg, Mn, Mo, Ni, Pb, and Zn. Acute or chronic exposure to these heavy metals may cause numerous human health effects as they affect numerous organs and tissues (gastrointestinal tract, liver, lungs, kidneys, bladder, central nervous system, reproductive system, etc.). The review shows that the pollution produced by both abandoned and active mines cannot be neglected and underlines the necessity of changes in the current mining practices so that mining operations will assure better protection for the environment and human health.