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Thermal Impact on Heavy Metal Bioavailability in Burnt Rocks of Waste Heap of Chervonohradska Coal-preparation Plant (Lviv Region, Ukraine)

Kochmar Iryna, Karabyn Vasyl, Stepova Kateryna, Stadnik Vitalii, Sozanskyi Martyn

Geomatics and Environmental Engineering

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2024

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Vol. 18, no. 1

117--133

EN

For effective waste management of mining industries is important to investigate their physical and mineralogical changes. For this purpose, X-raydiffraction (XRD), thermogravimetry (TG), derivative thermogravimetry (DTG), and differential thermal analysis (DTA) methods were used. Changes in the contents of mobile forms of heavy metals in rocks were investigated using an acetate-ammonium buffer solution with a pH of 4.8 after burning rocks at a temperature of 800–850°C. The obtained data indicated the significant role of the mineral composition in the thermal behavior of the rock samples and the subsequent influence of the thermal processes on the changes in the bioavailability of heavy metals.

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The River System Pollutant Migration in the Context of the Sudden One-Time Discharge with Consideration of the Bottom Sediments Influence (Case of Benzene Migration in the Stryi River, Ukraine)

Kuzyk Andriy, Karabyn Vasyl, Shuryhin Vladyslav, Sushko Yulia, Stepova Kateryna, Karabyn Oksana

Ecological Engineering & Environmental Technology

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2023

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Vol. 24, iss. 1

46--54

EN

Basing on the mathematical model developed with the account of influence of bottom sediments, the parameters of benzene migration in the river caused by one-time discharge into the Stryi River were investigated. The mathematical model of migration consists of two equations that describe the movement of pollutants in the river system, taking into account the flow rate, diffusion, sorption and desorption of the pollutant by the bottom sediments of the river. The parameters of benzene distribution in the "water-bottom sediments" system were experimentally determined under laboratory conditions. With the help of computer modeling, the temporal and spatial distributions of benzene in water and bottom sediments were obtained. The regularities of benzene concentration change depending on the composition of the bottom sediments of the river have been established. The dependencies can be extrapolated to other river systems and pollutants.

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Heat Resistance of Landfill Vegetation

Popovych Vasyl, Stepova Kateryna, Telak Oksana, Telak Jerzy

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2021

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Vol. 22, nr 1

267--273

EN

The heat resistance of vegetation at landfills is worth investigating for the determination of the optimal species for the biological reclamation phase. Insufficiency of experimental data on comparative stability of the stems and roots make it difficult to draw definitive conclusions about the heat resistance of the organs of the plants. It should be noted that many scientific works are devoted to the thermal stability of cultivated and agricultural plants. The reason is that the temperature conditions should be taken into account when growing vegetables, fruits and mushrooms. However, the heat resistance of weeds, specifically in landfills, has not been investigated thoroughly enough. Increased substrate temperatures at the landfill site, which are caused by the burning of waste, alter the microclimate, cause the greenhouse effect, and contribute to the climate change. The aim of the work was to investigate the heat resistance of 5 most common plant species that have evolved in the landfills of the Western Ukrainian Forest-Steppe District (Ukraine). The plant specimens were collected at the Lviv, Rava-Ruska and Chervonograd landfills. The heat resistance of landfill vegetation was determined according to the Matskov method during 2015–2018. The following materials, reagents and equipment were used for the experiments: green leaves of 5 species of the investigated plants (weeds) – wormwood (Artemisia vulgaris), absinthium (Artemisia absinthium), city goosefoot (Chenopodium urbicum), common burdock (Arctium lappa), dooryard plantain (Plantago major); 0.2 N hydrochloric acid; heated bath, thermometers, pipettes, petri dishes, crystallizers, electric hot plate, marker. The experiments were conducted in triplicate. During the investigation of the heat resistance of the landfill vegetation, it was found that the most stable species are wormwoods (Artemisia) in all areas of the landfill, and the least heat-resistant is city goosefoot. The temperature of 70–80°C is detrimental to all of the tested plants. It was found that the lowest heat resistance is characteristic of the plants that develop at the foot of landfills.

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Solid Waste Management as Part of Sustainable Development of Lviv (Ukraine)

Popovych Vasyl, Petrushka Igor, Stepova Kateryna, Korol Kateryna, Popovych Nataliya

Ecological Engineering & Environmental Technology

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2021

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Vol. 22, iss. 5

12--17

EN

Sustainable development includes the process of processing and recycling of solid waste. In Ukraine, a system of accumulation of solid waste without pre-processing in landfills has been formed. As a result, anthropogenically devastated landscapes have appeared in the country, causing environmental hazard. Especially in Lviv, as well as in most cities of Ukraine, there is no waste processing plant. Non-recyclable solid waste is mostly transported to landfills throughout the region, as the Lviv municipal landfill has exhausted its resources and is in unsatisfactory ecological and sanitary condition. The presented research presents the requirements for custom vehicles that transport household and hazardous waste at the "entrance" and "exit" of the environmental logistics system. It is established that at the Lviv landfill and in its impact zone due to the devastation processes three types of edaphotopes were formed: natural, which are not physically disturbed, but contaminated with filtrates; anthropogenic, which are disturbed by construction equipment and contaminated with pollutants due to the formation of the body of the landfill; bulk, which were formed due to the import of fertile soils in order to implement the mining stage of reclamation. The obtained data show that the filtrates penetrate into groundwater and surface water, changing the reaction of the substrate environment, thereby increasing the level of environmental danger in the region. The main method of landfills decommissioning is the biological stage of recultivation, namely – vegetative reclamation.