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EN
Vessel passage speed is one of the parameters describing the vessel traffic stream on a selected waterway. Knowing the probability distribution of vessel passage speeds is essential for modeling vessel traffic streams on a waterway. This article undertakes probabilistic modeling for vessel speeds in restricted areas, where the distribution of the vessel passage time of the waterway section is known. The probabilistic procedure of the inverse random variable is used. Four different cases are considered. First, the probabilistic distribution of the vessel passage speed is given, where the vessel passage time is described by the normal distribution in certain restricted areas. The next three cases present the probabilistic distribution of vessel passage speeds on the Szczecin–Świnoujście fairway, where the vessel passage time is described by the extreme value distribution, the Frèchet distribution and the Weibull distribution.
EN
High sensitivity, accuracy, and ability to provide structural information makes mass spectrometry (MS) the method of choice for both qualitative and quantitative analysis in proteome research. Peptide sequencing by tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) was successfully applied to discover new peptide sequences and modifications. Insufficient ionization of some peptides is one of the main limitations of MS- based peptide identification. The development of sensitive detection techniques for the efficient analysis of such samples is very important. Differences in ionizability cause difficulties in quantification studies, which could be overcome by derivatization of peptides to improve both the detectability and the selectivity of an analysis. Incorporation of ionization markers and isotopic labels (particularly the isobaric tags) is often used for this reason. Isobaric labeling reagents (including commercially available iTRAQ, TMT, DiLeu and DiART) have found a wide application in quantitative proteomics. Mass spectrometry is a very good tool for the determination of posttranslational modifications (PTMs), but the modified proteins are usually present in low concentrations. The development of ionization tags specific to a particular PTM and suitable for sensitive analysis of the modified proteins is required. For the analysis of phosphorylated peptides, a combination of β-elimination and the reaction of resulting α,β-dehydroamino acid residues with the nucleophilic thiol group could be used to detect a labile PTM. Such reaction may be used to introduce derivatizing reagents at the original site of phosphorylation, to enhance ionization in MS analysis. Glycation and glycosylation of proteins are other very important PTMs associated with many natural processes as well as diseases. We have designed and synthesized bifunctional quaternary ammonium salt derivatives of phenylboronic acids for selective detection of carbohydrates and peptide-derived Amadori products by ESI-MS. The attachment of a fixed charge (e.g. in a form of a quaternary ammonium salt) to the amino groups in peptides leads to the enhancement of a precursor ion signal in mass spectra. We have developed several new QAS-containing ionization reagents including bicyclic tags with DABCO, ABCO or azoniaspiro groups. It is worth noting that 2,4,6-substituted pyrylium salts react with amino groups in peptides introducing a stable positive charge and improve peptide detection by MS. The newly developed ionization tags were successfully applied for the analysis of OBOC combinatorial libraries as well as for studying possible biomarkers of preeclampsia, a pregnancy disorder.
EN
This study focuses on the investigation of available surface currents and wind parameters for employing them in order to predict the survivor movement in the Szczecin Lagoon waters. For this purpose, the surface currents and wind parameters were generated by selected numerical models and the wind parameters were also measured with the telemetry devices. In this paper, the PM3D hydrodynamic model and the NEMS, ECMWF, GFS weather forecast models have been investigated. The measurements of the wind parameters, recorded at the Brama Torowa I and Trzebież stations, were also analyzed. As part of the research, an expert method was used to evaluate the surface currents parameters. In turn, the method based on comparing the forecasted wind parameters with the measured wind parameters was applied in order to assess uncertainties of these parameters. The comparative analyses of the data on the surface currents and wind parameters have been done and probabilistic models for uncertainties of these forecasted parameters have been formulated. Additionally, relations between the surface currents speeds and the wind speeds, in the case when their directions were consistent, have been also discovered.
EN
In this paper, the route prediction for a person in water was performed on the basis of a developed graph algorithm. This person drifted in water under the influence of surface currents and wind. The total drift route for the person in water was established as the route in a weighted directed graph. Vertices of this graph correspond to given points within a given basin. Additionally, the graph’s edges show possible directions of the overall human drift. The weight of the given edge describes the difference between the gradient of the edge and the total drift direction calculated on the basis of surface current field data and wind field data. An application has been created on the basis of a given algorithm which might be used to support the search for survivors in coastal areas (e.g. port basins, basins adjacent to the port, bays and sea areas) for which hydrodynamic models reliably reflect local phenomena.
PL
W niniejszym artykule naświetlono potrzebę predykcji trasy dryfu rozbitka w wodach Zalewu Szczecińskiego i Zatoki Pomorskiej. Jednakże, aby wyznaczyć tę trasę należy dysponować odpowiednimi parametrami wiatru. Parametry te można pozyskać z numerycznych modeli prognoz pogody. Prognozy tychże parametrów zazwyczaj obarczone są błędami. W artykule, na podstawie przeprowadzonych badań, przeanalizowano przyczyny powstawania błędów prognoz i wskazano możliwe kierunki poprawy jakości prognozowanych parametrów wiatru.
EN
In this paper, the need to predict a survivor drift route in the waters of the Szczecin Lagoon and the Pomeranian Bay is highlighted. However, this route will be established when appropriate wind parameters are required to be introduced into a route prediction model. These parameters can be derived from numerical weather forecast models. The forecasts of these parameters have usually errors. In this paper, based on the conducted research, the causes for errors in the wind forecasts have been discussed and possible directions for improving the quality of the forecasted wind parameters have been also indicated.
EN
Ensuring security in a harbor requires research into its infrastructure using spatial environmental data. This paper presents a methodology that defines the design of a graph for modeling the interactions between surface currents and moving objects. Combining this graph with port charts that integrate electronic navigation charts with coastal orthophotographs allows us to perform a multidimensional analysis. In addition, the complete information about navigation and harbor infrastructure allows us to predict the effects of currents on objects that are moving in the dock. The capabilities of this application were tested in the Gdynia harbor and the defined graph is based on sea currents generated by the numerical hydrodynamic model M3D.
EN
This paper proposes a model of the interactions between surface currents and small, moving objects. These objects are immersed in water so that the part extending above the water is no larger than a human head. These interactions are defined as the weighted-directed graph. The basis for determining the edge weights are the directions of the surface currents. The speeds of these currents are used to calculate the time of moving objects. According to the modelling method of the surface-current influence on small objects, presented in this paper, it is possible to implement an application supporting search-and-rescue-operation planning. This method can be used to locate small objects, such as survivors, when planning search-and-rescue operations. Thus, the routes of these objects moving together with surface-water masses can be predicted using this method.
PL
W niniejszym artykule zaprezentowano aplikację modelu grafowego, do wyznaczania trasy przemieszczania się obiektu dryfującego, np. rozbitka. Implementacja wykona w środowisku Scilab, umożliwia wybór warunków początkowych trajektorii obiektu, a następnie rejestrację samej trajektorii.
EN
In this article graph model application to determination of a drifting object route has been presented. Implementation in Scilab program has been made. This application allows to select beginning conditions of the object route, and next allows registration trajectory of moving objects.
EN
The present article concerns a problem of vessel speed modeling in restricted areas, where vessel traffic flow is disturbed. In analysis of vessel speed on the Świnoujście–Szczecin fairway, division into the particular ship types has been made. Probability distributions describing speed of different ship groups have been analysed. Using the chi-square goodness-of-fit test it has been showed that the best distribution describing vessel speed of the most ship groups, is the Gumbel distribution.
PL
Organizowany ze względu na swoją specyfikę system ratownictwa wodnego wydaje się być najbardziej podatnym na implementację struktur sieciocentrycznych. Z samej swojej istoty system ten stanowił powiązania systemów na długo przed tym jak pojawiło Tym sposobem wyszczególnione na rysunku nr 6 brzegowe stanowisko kierowania poszukiwaniami nawodnymi sprowadzało się będzie li tylko do dysponowania na miejscu laptopem z systemem łączności. Przedstawione rezultaty badawcze projektu wpisują się w „Krajowy Program Badań, Założenia polityki naukowo-technicznej i innowacyjnej państwa” z 2011 r., gdzie w rozdziale 7. bezpieczeństwo i obronność państwa) wskazuje się że priorytetowymi obszarami rozwoju technologii w sferze bezpieczeństwa wewnętrznego są pkt 1) 6owoczesne technologie i innowacyjne rozwiązania w zakresie wykrywania, zwalczania i neutralizacji zagrożeń (str. 25), a w rozdz. IV - Technologie priorytetowe wynikające ze zdolności operacyjnych w zakresie zarządzania informacją (s.10). Realizowany projekt odpowiada również na potrzeby rynku sprecyzowane w kolejnym dokumencie programowym. To „Długoterminowego plan rozwoju priorytetowych obszarów badawczych w zakresie techniki i technologii obronnych na lata 2007-2019” z 2006 r. z jego rozdz. V Technologie przełomowe, gdzie wskazuje się na potrzebę rozwijania - systemów informacyjnych. Obydwa wspomniane dokumenty są kompatybilne ze, „Strategią Rozwoju Systemu Bezpieczeństwa Narodowego RP 2012-2022” z 2012 r. jak również z Białą księgą bezpieczeństwa narodowego RP z 2013 r., gdzie odpowiednio rozdział IV, wskazuje na potrzebę tworzenia warunków do rozwoju zintegrowanego systemu bezpieczeństwa narodowego (pkt 2 Cel 5), a rozdz. IV drugiego dokumentu pt. Koncepcja przygotowania systemu bezpieczeństwa narodowego traktuje o jego strategii preparacyjnej. Jak wynika z powyższych dokumentów w obecnej sytuacji istnieje pilna potrzeba opracowania tematyki objętej niniejszym projektem.
11
Content available remote Domatic number of graph products
EN
A partition of V(G), all of whose classes arę dominating sets in G, is called a domatic partition of G. The maximum number of classes of a domatic partition of G is called the domatic nuraber of G. In this paper we explore the bounds for the domatic numbers of the cartesian product, the strong product and the join of two graphs. The bounds are the best possible in the sense that there exist examples for which equalities are attained.
EN
The presented paper contains a description of some aspects of research work with a view to compiling stochastic models of marine power plant electric power systems load. The operating data are collected in service conditions on different kinds of water crafts. A general cargo vessel was chosen as an example of applied methodology For presentation of cumulative data confirmatory data analysis methods were used.
PL
Okrętowe wolnoobrotowe silniki wysokoprężne stanowią zdecydowaną większość głównych napędów dla statków handlowych. Instalowane są one w najprostszych układach napędowych, gdzie silnik jest bezpośrednio połączony ze śrubą. Taki układ zapewnia najwyższą sprawność i najniższe z możliwych zużycie paliwa. Warunkiem uzyskania najlepszych rezultatów w tym zakresie jest utrzymywanie w czasie eksploatacji statku określonych zasad eksploatacji głównego napędu statku. W artykule przedstawiono uproszczoną metodę analizy istotnych wskaźników pracy głównego układu napędowego statku. Metoda może być stosowana w eksploatacji silników wyposażonych w standardowe urządzenia pomiarowe.
EN
The marine diesel engine today is the prime mover for ship propulsion. The most typical marine propulsion plant of modern merchant ships is a single, slow-speed turbocharged, two stroke diesel engine, directly coupled to the vessel's single, fixed or controllable pitch propeller. This configuration can provide high power outputs and improved fuel economy. The paper deals with basic ship propulsion factors used for fuel consumption calculations.
14
Content available remote A Ship Motion Control System Design Via Output Feedback Linearization
EN
The paper presents a proposal of automatic system design able to steer the ship along a preset trajectory (route) at sea. Since a ship motion model used here is nonlinear the control algorithm synthesis is based on the output feedback linearization technique. This relatively new branch of differential geometric control theory has attracted vast attention of reseachers. The wave action and load disturbances, acting on the ship (wind, current), are also taken into account. The simulations show the very high controller performance as compared to the other types of algorithms, e.g. linear LQR.
PL
Przedstawiono propozycję systemu automatycznego sterowania statkiem wzdłuż zadanej trajektorii. Ze względu na fakt, że model dynamiczny statku jest nieliniowy, dokonując syntezy algorytmu sterowania wykorzystano metodę linearyzacji za pomocą sprzężenia zwrotnego. Ta stosunkowo nowa gałąź teorii sterowania oparta na metodach geometrii różniczkowej budzi duże zainteresowanie badaczy. Wzięto pod uwagę także zakłócenia wynikłe z falowania oraz tzw. zakłócenia stałe (np. wiatr, prądy). Otrzymane rezultaty symulacyjne dowodzą dużej jakości sterowania w porównaniu z innymi algorytmami, np. sterowania LQR.
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