The Sanandaj-Sirjan zone of Iran is a metamorphic belt consisting of rocks which were metamorphosed under different pressure and temperature conditions and intruded by various plutons ranging in composition from gabbro to granite. The majority of these granitoids formed along the an-cient active continental margin of the Neo-Tethyan ocean at the southeastern edge of the central Ira-nian microplate. Geochronological data published in recent years indicate periodic plutonism lasting from Carboniferous through Mesozoic to late-Paleogene times (from ca. 300 to ca. 35 Ma) with cli-max activity during the mid- and late-Jurassic. The age constraints for plutonic complexes, such as Siah-Kouh, Kolah-Ghazi, Golpayegan (Muteh), Azna, Aligoodarz, Astaneh, Borujerd, Malayer (Samen), Alvand, Almogholagh, Ghorveh, Saqqez, Marivan, Naqadeh and Urumieh, clearly indicate the periodic nature of magmatism. Therefore, the Sanandaj-Sirjan zone preserves the record of mag-matic activity of a complete orogenic cycle related to (1) Permocarboniferous(?) rifting of Gondwana and opening of the Neo-Tethyan ocean, (2) subduction of the oceanic crust, (3) continental collision and (4) post-collision/post-orogenic activities. The formation of the Marivan granitoids, northwestern Sanandaj-Sirjan zone, for which we present U-Pb zircon and titanite ages of ca. 38 Ma, can be related to the collisional and post-collisional stages of this orogenic cycle.
The study area is a part of the NW to SE striking Sanandaj–Sirjan metamorphic belt in western Iran. The Alvand Pluton, consisting of rocks that range in composition from gabbro to granite, is the major magmatic rock complex of this area. Gabbroic rocks include olivine gabbro, gabbro norite, norite and gabbro. Rocks around the Alvand Pluton were subjected to different P–T conditions due to polymetamorphism. Common metamorphic rocks are meta-pelites, but some meta-psammites, meta-basites and meta-carbonates also occur. Slates, phyllites, schists, migmatites and hornfelses are major rock units of meta-pelites in the metamorphic sequence. Based on mineral chemistry, the highest temperature of crystallisation (1300°C) was determined for the olivine gabbros, and the lowest temperature (950°C) was calculated for the hornblende-bearing gabbros. Clinopyroxene–plagioclase barometry suggests that pressures near 5 to 6 kbars prevailed during the crystallisation of the various mafic rocks. P–T estimates yield maximum temperatures of 700–750°C at 5–6 kbars for the high-grade metamorphic rocks from the metamorphic aureole around the pluton. These results indicate that the heat released from the Alvand Pluton (T = 950–1300°C), which intruded the metamorphic rocks at middle and upper crustal levels, was sufficient to cause partial melting leading to formation of the metatexites, diatexites and restite-rich S-type granites. During this process, part of the deep-seated gabbro-dioritic rocks were transported to higher crustal levels by viscous, enclave- and crystal-rich granitic magmas of the partial melting zone.
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