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2 Journal of Science of the gen. Tadeusz Kosciuszko Military Academy of Land Forces
2 Zeszyty Naukowe / Wyższa Szkoła Oficerska Wojsk Lądowych im. gen. T. Kościuszki

2 Szymankiewicz R.

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Kiev-Moscow Crimea conflict

Szymankiewicz R.

Zeszyty Naukowe / Wyższa Szkoła Oficerska Wojsk Lądowych im. gen. T. Kościuszki

2017

Nr 2

98--110

Security is understood as a certain state of confidence, the lack of threat and the awareness that the fundamental values of the state, including, among others, existence, survival and development, are preserved and represent the objective of the security policy of each government and state. The lack of these values may exert an adverse impact on its development. The activities of the competent organs of the state, creating such policy, should be purposeful and aimed at its implementation and they should also contribute to its formulation on the international arena. The security of Ukraine, as a result of actions taken by the separatist forces, was put to a great test and the annexation of Crimea slightly redefined the European security environment and resulted only in the imposition of sanctions and diplomatic pressure on Russia. Today, it is difficult to predict the scenario for future developments in Ukraine. It would seem that the chances are 50/50 that the conflict will be resolved. So, the question remains, what will Vladimir V. Putin, President of the Russian Federation, do? Will the pressure exerted by almost the entire world lead to the stabilisation of the situation in Donbass or will it result in the escalation of the conflict and the seizure of further areas, with, perhaps, Kiev included? However, the escalation of the conflict seems to be very unlikely, although it certainly would arouse nationalistic euphoria in the Russian society, as the imposed sanctions, the economic situation and losses that would be suffered by the Russians will prevent such escalation. If Putin decided to go war with Ukraine, he would have to take account of the determined opposition of the world superpowers and even greater sanctions, which the Russian economy might not be able to cope with. The paper contains the information about the genesis of the conflict in Ukraine and attempts to present the objectives of operations in the Kiev-Moscow conflict.

The Crimean crisis and the Polish security

Szymankiewicz R.

Zeszyty Naukowe / Wyższa Szkoła Oficerska Wojsk Lądowych im. gen. T. Kościuszki

2015

Nr 2

62--78

The events taking place in Ukraine have stirred a lot of emotions among our citizens. Questions about the security of the country, the possibility of direct threats related to the political situation in Eastern Europe and the relationship between Russia and Ukraine are asked. Undoubtedly, this situation causes that there frequently appear issues concerning the state of national security and combat capabilities of our armed forces, especially in the context of the geographical location of Poland, which is still the easternmost external frontier of the EU and NATO. The aggression of Russia against Ukraine meant that the vast majority of Polish people stopped dealing only with "our" problems and they began to keep a very close watch and follow "Crimean events". In hundreds of Polish households people discuss mainly what the Russian President Vladimir Putin is going to do: “How far will he go in his imperialistic ambitions and will it end just with the annexation of Crimea? How will this conflict affect the economic functioning of Poland? These ones and a great number of other questions will remain unanswered for a long period of time.