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Forest roads used by commuting and foraging bats in edge and interior zones

Lesiński G., Olszewski A., Popczyk B.

Polish Journal of Ecology

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2011

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Vol. 59, nr 3

611-616

EN

We hypothesized that the flight activity of bats in forests is higher in parts closer to edges due to the presence of species roosting in trees and foraging mostly outside as well as those coming to forage from outside. The aim of our study was to test this expectation using bat netting on roads in a forest belt 4-5 km wide in Kampinos National Park near Warsaw (central Poland). Tree stands were mostly coniferous. Ten full-night study sessions were done between the end of July and the beginning of September in the years 2007-2009. During each session, bats were netted at two sites situated in two zones designated as "edge" (100-500 m from forest edge) and "interior" (1750-2250 m from forest edge). The study revealed twelve species, among which Eptesicus serotinus (Schreber), Nyctalus noctula (Schreber) and Barbastella barbastellus (Schreber) were by far most abundant. Total bat abundance recorded at ten pairs of netting sites differed significantly between the edge zone (ca. 2.5 times higher numbers) and the interior zone. Among individual species, a statistically important difference was shown only for Plecotus auritus (L.), which was more abundant close to the forest edge, though a similar tendency was noted in other species, mostly E. serotinus. The frequency of each species in the bat assemblage as well as species diversity of bats flying along forest roads did not differ between the two zones.

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Population changes in natterer's bat myotis nattereri and daubenton's bat m. Daubentonii in winter roosts of central Poland

Fuszara E., Fuszara M., Kowalski M., Lesiński G., Cygan J., Nitkiewicz T., Szarlik A., Wojtowicz B.

Polish Journal of Ecology

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2010

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Vol. 58, nr 4

769-782

EN

Numbers of wintering Natterer's bats Myotis nattereri (Kuhl, 1817) and Daubenton's bats M. daubentonii (Kuhl, 1817) were monitored at seven study sites (three single large hibernacula and four groups of roosts) in central Poland. The longest monitoring period was 1987-2009, the shortest - 1999-2009. The aim of the study was to find out if the numbers of the two species are stable, or if any trends could be detected. For most of the study period, bats were counted twice during each hibernation season: in autumn (November/December) and in winter (January/February). The numbers of Natterer's bats show a strong increase all over the study area - a trend similar to that reported earlier from other parts of the country. Daubenton's bats, on the other hand, declined in the hibernacula located in the north-eastern part of the study area, while in those located in the south-western part their numbers were stable or even slightly increased. A decrease in the numbers of Daubenton's bats is in contrast with reports from other hibernacula in Poland and elsewhere in Europe, where the species increases in numbers. The changes in the numbers of both studied species could be explained by neither changes in the hibernacula nor weather conditions during the study period, so our results probably reflect changes in the numbers of local populations.

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Bats at small subterranean winter roosts : effect of forest cover in the surrounding landscape

Lesiński G.

Polish Journal of Ecology

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2009

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Vol. 57, nr 4

761-767

EN

The study was carried out in central and north-eastern Poland in order to assess bat occurrence in small winter roosts located in house-cellars, in relation to the share of the surrounding landscape taken by forest cover and the distance separating the different sites from forests of at least 1 km2. Data from single checks in 2243 cellars in 1990.2007 revealed a positive relationship (R[^2] = 0.33, P <0.001) between the percentage of cellars occupied by bats and the forest cover (range: 2.58%) in sections of surrounding landscape covering between 30 and 220 km2. Forest cover in the landscape within 1 km of the cellar appeared to have a slight influence on the number of species and species diversity (Simpson's index; respectively R[^2] = 0.14, P = 0.006 and R[^2] = 0.13, P = 0.011). Both number of species and species diversity were progressively lower with increasing distance from the nearest forest covering an area of 1 km2 or more (for both R[^2] = 0.15, P = 0.005). Myotis nattereri (Kuhl, 1817) and Barbastella barbastellus (Schreber, 1774) were significantly more likely to colonise the cellars surrounded by landscape with a higher level of forest cover (P = 0.001 and 0.031), while M. nattereri was also more likely to be found in those at shorter distances from forests (P = 0.005). No such relationships were reported for either Plecotus auritus (Linnaeus, 1758) or Myotis daubentonii (Kuhl, 1817).