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1

The growth and yielding of peach trees cultivated in ridges in irrigation conditions

Gudarowska E., Szewczuk A., Czaplicka-Pędzich M.

Infrastruktura i Ekologia Terenów Wiejskich

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2017

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nr II/1

567--576

EN

The aim of the research conducted in the conditions of Lower Silesia in the years 2012-2016 was to evaluate the growth and yielding of young peach trees cultivated in ridges with drip irrigation. The experiment concerned the flat-fruit peach trees, cultivar Saturn on the Manchurian peach tree seedling, planted in the spring of 2012 in the spacing 4.0 x 1.5 m. In each year the shortage of rainfall was observed, as compared to the years 1997-2000. During the vegetation period, the deficiencies were from - 7.3 mm up to - 221.7 mm. The insufficient amount of rainfall was accompanied by the rise of the mean air temperature in the vegetation period by 0.5 - 1.7°C. In the orchard, the drip irrigation in the form of stippling tape T-Tape TSX515-50-380 was applied, with the emitters every 50 cm and the expenditure of 3.8 l per metre in 1 hour. The humidity measurements were being taken from the beginning of May until the end of July with the use of Watermark probes, testing the sucking power of soil at the depth of 20 cm. The irrigation started when the water potential of soil was 30 kPa. During the 4 years, the total yield per hectare from the irrigated trees was by 5 t bigger than in the case of the trees that had not been irrigated. The irrigated trees cultivated in ridges had a tendency to more intensive radial growth. As far as the radial increase is concerned, statistically significant differences were noticed between the autumn of 2012 and the autumn of 2016. The application of irrigation also stimulated the elongation but only in the first two years of cultivation. The mean rate of proliferacy for the 4 years of fruiting was higher in the case of irrigated trees.

2

Comparison of the effectiveness of protection against frosts, using irrigation and fogging in different types of peach orchard

Szewczuk A., Czaplicka-Pędzich M., Gudarowska E.

Infrastruktura i Ekologia Terenów Wiejskich

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2017

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nr II/1

449--456

EN

Spring frost in the blooming time can be a significant factor decreasing the fruit production and affects the cultivation profitability in the years with unfavourable weather conditions. In Poland, the fruit trees especially susceptible to damage are peach and apricot trees. Among the popular methods of protecting the trees against spring frost damage there are three kinds of treatment: sprinkling irrigation, fogging, smoking and using fans for mixing the layers of air. The costs of applying the particular methods differ, as well as their efficiency. The side effect of using them can be also orchard pollution. The experiment was conducted on selected peach tree cultivars, on two rootstocks. Two methods of spring frost protection were applied: sprinkling irrigation and fogging with the use of glycerin mixed with tap water in proportion 1:10. Sprinkling irrigation proved to be more effective, it protected 98% of blooms. Using the fogging device also brought a satisfying effect. The cultivars that were easily damaged by spring frost were ‘Early Redhaven’ and ‘Cresthaven’. The greatest resistance to bloom damage was observed in the case of the ‘Suncrest’ and ‘Saturn’ trees. The yielding of the ‘Inka’ and ‘Early Redhaven’ trees protected by sprinkling irrigation was significantly better, as compared with the fogged trees. The mean fruit weight was determined mainly by the cultivar.

3

Model czujnika światłowodowego na bazie wielomodowych struktur interferencyjnych

Szewczuk A., Błahut M.

Prace Naukowe Politechniki Śląskiej. Elektryka

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2015

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z. 2

55--62

PL

W pracy został zaprezentowany model czujnika światłowodowego na bazie wielomodowych struktur interferencyjnych. Analizowano teoretycznie struktury o gradientowym profilu współczynnika załamania uzyskanym w procesie wymiany jonowej K-Na. Przeprowadzoną analizę wykonano opierając się na numerycznej metodzie propagacji światła BPM (ang. beam propagation method). Otrzymane wyniki wykazują, że zmiana parametrów pokrycia sekcji MMI prowadzi do zmiany natężenia sygnału wyjściowego.

EN

Model of sensor based on multimode interference structures is presented in the paper. The gradient index waveguide structures obtained in the K-Na ion-exchange process are analyzed theoretically. Analysis were carried out on the basis of a BPM method (beam propagation method). The obtained results show that changes of MMI section cladding parameters lead to changes in the output signal intensity.

4

Ocena możliwości zastosowania nowoczesnych technik separacji do wstępnego wzbogacania rudy Zn-Pb

Wieniewski A., Szczerba E., Nad A., Łuczak R., Kołacz J., Szewczuk A.

Cuprum : czasopismo naukowo-techniczne górnictwa rud

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2015

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nr 2

109--122

PL

W referacie dokonano przeglądu nowoczesnych technik sortowania (sensor based sorting), koncentrując się na sortowaniu z wykorzystaniem promieniowania rentgenowskiego. Istota sortowania w urządzeniach wykorzystujących promieniowanie Roentgena polega na pozyskiwaniu frakcji surowca o określonej strukturze wewnętrznej i gęstości na podstawie współczynnika absorpcji promieniowania. Zaprezentowano konstrukcję separatora rentgenowskiego serii CXR (Comex X-ray sorting) firmy Comex, wykorzystującego technologię XRT (X-Ray Transmission). Postawiono tezę, że sortowanie z wykorzystaniem technologii XRT może stanowić alternatywę dla wstępnego wzbogacania rud Zn-Pb realizowanego we wzbogacalnikach cieczy ciężkiej zawiesinowej. Badaniom poddano rudę cynkowo-ołowiową z kopalni Olkusz Pomorzany o uziarnieniu 60-20 mm, stanowiącą nadawę do wzbogacalnika bębnowego oraz produkty rozdziału (frakcję pływającą i frakcję tonącą), będące efektem wstępnego wzbogacania. Produkty te poddano także sortowaniu w separatorze serii CXR-1000 firmy Comex. Wszystkie produkty poddano badaniom densymetrycznym w cieczy ciężkiej jednorodnej oraz analizie chemicznej w zakresie metali głównych (Zn, Pb). Wyniki badań wykazały, że stosując sortowanie w separatorze rentgenowskim, z rudy zawierającej: 1,8% Zn oraz 0,8% Pb, można uzyskać 13-24% materiału o zawartości: Zn od 10,96% do 5,86% z uzyskiem w granicach 79-81%, Pb od 5,42% do 2,89% z uzyskiem na poziomie 87-90%, jako odpowiednik frakcji tonącej wzbogacalnika z cieczą ciężką zawiesinową. Wyniki badań wykazały, że zastosowanie technologii sortowania rentgenowskiego pozwala na osiągnięcie zbliżonych wyników do tych, które uzyskiwane są metodą wzbogacania w cieczy zawiesinowej. Uproszczenie wstępnego wzbogacania poprzez stosowanie technologii suchych pozwoli na istotne obniżenie kosztów tych operacji. Optymalizacja warunków separacji winna wpłynąć na wysoką sprawność proponowanej technologii. Badania będą kontynuowane.

EN

The article presents the review of modern sensor-based sorting techniques, focusing on the X-ray sorting. The principle of the sorting process which uses X-ray technology is separation of a fraction of the raw material with a specific internal structure and density, based on radiation absorption coefficient. The construction of the X-ray separator CXR series (Comex X-ray sorting) produced by Comex AS that uses XRT technology (X-Ray Transmission) is described. There is a thesis that the sorting process using the XRT technology may be an alternative for pre-concentration of Zn-Pb ore which takes place in the heavy media drum separator. For this research the zinc-lead ore from the Olkusz Pomorzany mine of grain size 60-20 mm was prepared. The tests were carried out on the feed for the heavy media drum separator and products of separation (floating fraction and sinking fraction) being the effect of pre-concentration. These products were also separated in the Comex CXR-1000 series sorter. All products have been submitted to densimetric analysis in heavy homogenous liquid and chemical analysis of Zn and Pb content. The results showed that by using sorting in the X-ray separator for the Zn-Pb ore containing 1.8% Zn and 0.8% Pb, it can be achieved 13--24% of material with a content of Zn from 10.96% to 5.86% with a recovery 79-81%, a content of Pb from 5.42% to 2.89% with a recovery 87-90%, as an equivalent of sinking fraction of heavy medium separator. The tests data have proved that the use of X-ray sorting technology allows achieving similar results to those which are obtained by enrichment in a heavy media separator. Simplifying the pre-concentration through the use of dry technology will significantly reduce the cost of these operations. Optimization of separation conditions should affect the high efficiency of the proposed technology. The research will be continued.

5

Polarization effects in K+–Na+ ion exchanged MMI structures with absorption cover

Szewczuk A., Blahut M.

Optica Applicata

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2013

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Vol. 43, nr 3

441--452

EN

The paper concerns the polarization effects in gradient index MMI sensor structures made by ion K+–Na+ exchange. It has been shown both experimentally and based on the numerical calculation that for the K+–Na+ ion exchanged MMI structures, propagation conditions of light in multimode section vary considerably for each polarization. There are presented the possibilities of using this effect in application to gas sensing. Analyzed sensor structures are covered by WO3 absorbing nanolayers. Numerical analyses of MMI sensor are performed and modal attenuation coefficients are determined. The comparison between operation characteristics obtained for the TE and TM polarization is presented.

6

Od koncepcji usprawniania systemu informacji w przedsiębiorstwach transportu samochodowego do identyfikacji zachowań przewoźników na konkurencyjnym rynku usług

Szewczuk A.

Zeszyty Naukowe. Problemy Transportu i Logistyki / Uniwersytet Szczeciński

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2010

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Nr 13

155--168

EN

Economics of transport has been developed in Szczecin research environment for almost 65 years and still is a diversify research field including all types of transport. The road transport is the crucial transport part and plays key role in scientific analyses and researches. The most important issues and problems regarding this branch of transport are: – information systems in road transport companies, – software system of coordination of truck freight in interregional dimension, – decision structure in road transport companies, – behavior of carriers in a competitive market. – The most spectacular achievements of Szczecin School of Transport are: – creating bonds and shaping cooperation between science institutes and transport companies; – supporting of implementation of the most effective economic and organizational solutions for Polish carries and forwarding agents. The results of activity of Szczecin Transport School in the period of 1946–2010 are: implementing a lot of solutions and concept at central level, implementing the innovative solutions and concepts in transport and forwarding companies, publishing a lot of books, articles and reports; promotion of professors, assistant professors, PhDs, bachelors and MAs.

7

Etyka zawodowa w transporcie : teoria a współczesność

Szewczuk A.

Zeszyty Naukowe. Problemy Transportu i Logistyki / Uniwersytet Szczeciński

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2009

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Nr 7

229--235

PL

[...]Ze względu na dotychczasowe marginalne zainteresowanie problematyką „etykizawodowej w sektorze transportu", zasadne jest podjęcie na szeroką skalę badań empirycznych w tym zakresie. Pełne rozpoznanie „rzeczywistego stanu etyki zawodowej" pozwoli ukazać kierownictwu przedsiębiorstw i kreatorom polityki transportowej skalę problemu, wyczuli pracowników na istotne elementy zachowań na rynku transportowym oraz przyczyni się do efektywniejszego funkcjonowania przedsiębiorstw transportowych, tak bardzo oczekiwanego przez usługobiorców.[...]

EN

Professional ethics in transport is a new orientation supporting the process of management and interactions among the entities forming the transport market. The ethical Standards in transport have a great impact on quality of the transport Services. The ethical Standards in Poland are not in effect. The benchmarks and criteria of management theory could be adapted to transport. The issue concerning ethics Standards in transport is quite new that why it is important to carry on research in this field.

8

Luliberyna, jej analogi oraz lutropina

Szewczuk A., Kurowska E.

Wiadomości Chemiczne

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1999

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[Z] 53, 3-4

219-234

EN

The mammalian hormone (or factor) which releases luteinizing hormone (LH, lutropin) and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH, follitropin) was isolated from ovine and porcine hypothalami and identified as decapeptide with the following sequence: pGlu1-His2-Trp3-Ser4-Tyr5-Gly6-Leu7-Arg8-Pro9-Gly10-NH2. For synthesis of the luliberin (luteinizing hormone releasing hormone, LH-RH) and its analogs solid phase Merriefield technique and for puriffication reverse phase HPLC were usually applied. Until now thousands of LH-RH analogs were synthesized and some of them were applied in gynecology and oncology. Such achievements were possible through replacing proteinic L-amino acids in LH-RH molecule for nonproteinic synthetic, D-amino acids. The luliberin called also gonadoliberin (Gn-RH) plays an important role as regulator of reproduction. Secretion of lutropin (LH) by anterior pituitary celles in an pulsative manner is controlled by pulsative relese of LH-RH from hypothalamus. It was well established that the surge of LH at midcycle in woman urines is an authentic predicator of approaching ovulation. In gonades LH stimulates synthesis of sex steroid hormones. The well known luliberin analogs were: Buserelin (Suprefact), Zoladex (Goserelin) and Cetrorelix (SB75). They were applied for treatment of prostatic, ovarian and breast cancers, endometriosis and in vitro fertilization.