Wyniki wyszukiwania - BazTech

1

Regional carbon uptake of croplands in Poland between 1960 and 2009

Nyćkowiak J., Leśny J., Olejnik J., Merbold L., Niu S.

Meteorology Hydrology and Water Management. Research and Operational Applications

|

2018

|

Vol. 6, Iss. 1

67--76

EN

Croplands have been identified as binding large amounts of carbon. About one third of the total area in Poland is covered by croplands. In this paper, we analyze data describing the yields and structure of crops available for 13 selected subareas of Poland between 1960 and 2009 to evaluate the greenhouse gas mitigation potential due to carbon (C) uptake of this land cover type. Seven selected subareas located in Western Poland (area A), and six subareas in the southeast of Poland (area B) were chosen for detailed analysis. Cereals were identified as the most dominant crop planted in both areas during 1960-2009. Still, differences in yield could be found, with larger production in area A than in area B. By the year 2009, arable land (cereals, beetroot, potato, rapeseed and maize) covered nearly 10 Mio ha of Poland. The average uptake of C by crops between 1960 and 2009 was 3,24 ± 0,17 Mg C ha-1 a-1 for area A, 2,84 ± 0,12 Mg C ha-1 a-1 for area B and 2,88 ± 0,11 Mg C ha-1 a-1 for the whole country. Given the fact that about 3% of the total assimilated carbon remains in the soil, we calculated that 0,98 Tg C were stored in Polish croplands in 2009. Due to this fact, croplands are short time storage of carbon and thus contribute to greenhouse gas mitigation.

2

Zastosowanie modelu LandscapeDNDC do symulacji warunków wodnych gleby oraz plonu roślin uprawnych

Nyćkowiak J., Leśny J., Juszczak R., Olejnik J., Blecharczyk A., Haas E., Kiese R., Butterbach-Bahl K.

Rocznik Ochrona Środowiska

|

2013

|

Tom 15, cz. 2

1937--1951

EN

The purpose of the work was to assess the results of simulation of soil water content (SWC) and the simulated crop yield quantity using a module LandscapeDNDC model which belongs to the family of DNDC models. The assessment was conducted on the outcome data gathered during the simulation carried out in the experimental plots of Agricultural Experimental Station in Brody (nearby Poznań, Poland) in the period of 28 March to 13 August 2012. The crops grown in the experimental fields were as follows: alfalfa, potatoes, winter wheat, rye and spring barley. Average daily content of water in the soil at the depth of 10 cm from 28 March to 13 August 2012 was 12.95 ± 0.52% (CI = 95%). This value was measured by the sensors installed in the automatic measurement site located 20–60 meters from individual experimental fields. This area in 2011/2012 was overgrown by low vegetation (monocotyledons and dicotyledons). Simulated average value of SWC for the experimental plots in the same period was 12.43 ± 0.85%. These results lead to a conclusion that the model correctly simulates water conditions of the soil. Simulations conducted in LandscapeDNDC brought the crop yield results which amounted from 64.4 to 116.1% of the specific actual crop yield. The crop yield quantity of spring barley was simulated most accurately, then the crops of alfalfa, winter wheat and potatoes. The measured quantity of winter rye crop yield (7.1 t ha-1) differs from national average quantity which was 2.4 t ha-1 in the years from 1999 to 2011. Such a big crop yield obtained in the experimental plot is rare in farming conditions, which results in the overestimation of the crop yield quantity by the model.

3

Ocena bezpośredniej emisji N2O z gleb użytkowanych rolniczo województwa wielkopolskiego w latach 1960-2009 według metodologii IPCC

Nyćkowiak J., Leśny J., Olejnik J.

Woda-Środowisko-Obszary Wiejskie

|

2012

|

T. 12, z. 4

203-215

PL

Koncentracja podtlenku azotu (N2O) w atmosferze zwiększyła się z 270 ppb w okresie preindustrialnym do 322 ppb w 2008 r. Główną przyczyną tego wzrostu jest emisja N2O z gleb użytkowanych rolniczo. W niniejszej pracy, wykorzystując dane statystyczne Głównego Urzędu Statystycznego (GUS), estymowano wielkość emisji N2O metodą zalecaną przez IPCC - Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Estymacja ta dotyczy wyłącznie gleb, na których uprawiane są: zboża, ziemniaki, buraki oraz kukurydza. Określono roczną emisję bezpośrednią z gleb użytkowanych rolniczo w województwie wielkopolskim w latach 1960-2009. W okresie tym stwierdzono wzrost emisji, wynikający przede wszystkim ze wzrostu nawożenia azotowego, zależność ta jest zdeterminowana na poziomie R² = 0,88. Roczna emisja bezpośrednia N2O z gleb użytkowanych rolniczo w województwie wielkopolskim zwiększyła się z 0,91 kg N2O-N·ha-¹ w 1960 r. do 2,35 kg N2O-N·ha-¹ w 2009 r., średnia wartość tej emisji we wspomnianym okresie wynosiła 1,80 ± 0,10 kg N2O-N·ha-¹·rok-¹.

EN

Atmospheric concentrations of N2O increased from approximately 270 ppb during the preindustrial era to 322 ppb in 2008. The most important source of N2O are agricultural soils. In this paper we analyzed the emissions of N2O from agricultural soils using statistical data sets from the Central Statistical Office in Poland. We were follow in accordance with methodology described in Good Practice Guidance and Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories by IPCC. These estimations are based on fertilized soils under cereals, potato, beet and maize crops. In the period 1960-2009 the highest emission of nitrous oxide was noted in the year 2009 [2.35 kg N2O-N·ha-¹] and the smallest in the year 1960 [0.91 kg N2O-N·ha-¹). Direct emissions of N2O coming from agricultural soils in Poznań Province for the years 1960-2009 amounted to 1.80 ± 0.10 kg N2O-N·ha-¹·y-¹.