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The impact of amur sleeper (Perccottus glenii Dybowsky, 1877) on the riverine ecosystem : food selectivity of amur sleeper in a recently colonized river

Rau M. A., Plavan G., Strungaru S. A., Nicoara M., Rodriguez-Lozano P., Mihu-Pintilie A., Ureche D., Klimaszyk P.

Oceanological and Hydrobiological Studies

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2017

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Vol. 46, No. 1

96--107

EN

The presented study aimed at comprehensive assessment of the Perccottus glenii (Amur sleeper) impact on the aquatic ecosystem. Our objective was to analyze the diet, the characteristics of the prey and the feeding behavior of the Amur sleeper. Fish (349 individuals) were captured by electrofishing in autumn 2012. To estimate the dietary importance of each prey category, we calculated the percentage or proportion of each food item and its frequency of occurrence. The Costello graphical method was applied to describe the feeding strategy and prey importance. A total number of 55 taxa of benthic macroinvertebrates were identified, amounting to a total of 2448 individuals. The digestive tract was empty in 48 individuals of the Amur sleeper. The most frequent prey items of the Amur sleeper were Asellus aquaticus L, Baetis spp., the Chironomidae family which was represented by 22 taxa identified to the genus and species levels, Corixa spp. and Physa acuta Drap. Depending on the frequency of prey items, two categories of size classes with specific diet compositions in the Amur sleeper populations were determined. Feeding strategy, cluster indicators of the size classes and traits of macroinvertebrates were the main aspects covered by our study of the Amur sleeper feeding behavior.

2

Long-term changes in the ecosystem of a lake (Lake Strzyżminskie) and an island induced by a colony of Great Cormorants (Phalacrocorax carbo sinensis L.)

Klimaszyk P., Brzeg A.

Oceanological and Hydrobiological Studies

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2015

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Vol. 44, No. 3

316--325

EN

Cormorants feed in aquatic ecosystems and transport a large amount of biomass and chemical substances to colonies or roosts situated on land adjacent to the water. This leads to significant enrichment of soils in nutrients. Some loads of nutrients may be transferred to a nearby lake. A long-term impact of cormorants may be followed by the destruction of vegetation beneath the colony. Within a few decades, cormorants lose places suitable for nesting or roosting and abandon the colonies. Then the content of nutrients in the soil decreases and natural regeneration of vegetation occurs. We found that despite the passage of several years since the abandonment of a cormorant colony, the concentration of nutrients in the soil remained high. Groundwater beneath the colony was also strongly enriched with nutrients. Thus, despite the absence of a bird being a source of nutrients, the area of the former colony constantly supplies nitrogen and phosphorus into the nearby lake. The occurrence of vegetation in the area of the former cormorant colony is limited to a few species. Nitrophilous black elder Sambucus nigra, usually creates a dense canopy preventing the light penetration, thereby reducing the growth of other plants.

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Anthropogenic changes in properties of the water and spatial structure of the vegetation of the lobelia lake Lake Modre in the Bytów Lakeland

Kraska M., Klimaszyk P., Piotrowicz R.

Oceanological and Hydrobiological Studies

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2013

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Vol. 42, No. 3

302--313

EN

Lake Modre is a lobelia lake. Numerous typical plant species occur here, including Lobelia dortmanna, Littorella uniflora, Isoetes lacustris, and Sphagnum denticulatum. They develop the following associations: Lobelietum dortmannae (Oswald 1923) Tx. ap. Dierss. 1972, Isoetetum lacustris Szańkowski et Kłosowski 1996 n.n., and a community with Sphagnum denticulatum Brid. In 1991, the water of the lake was characterised by low concentrations of nutrients and calcium, acid reaction (pH<5), and Secchi depth visibility of 12 m. Following fry stocking in the lake in 1993 fish farming took place until approximately 1996. During this period the water quality in the lake changed radically in physiochemical terms. Water transparency decreased. Thermal and oxygen stratification developed, with oxygen deficits in the near-bottom layer. Concentrations of nutrient elements increased. Drastic long-term changes were observed in the spatial and quantitative features of the lake vegetation. These particularly related to the instability of Lobelia dortmanna, and the diminishment of the phytocoenosis of Lobelietum dortmannae. Consequently, the phytocoenosis occurred only in the shallowest part of the phytolittoral. L. uniflora expanded, increasing its occurrence annually. Significant fluctuations in quantities of S. denticulatum occurred, correlated with changes in physiochemical water parameters, but shifted in time.

4

May a cormorant colony be a source of coliform and chemical pollution in a lake?

Klimaszyk P.

Oceanological and Hydrobiological Studies

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2012

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Vol. 41, No. 1

67-73

EN

Studies on the influence of a perennial cormorant colony on chemical and microbial pollution of a reservoir were conducted in Chrzypskie Lake. During the investigation carried out between 2009-2010 in the area of the colony, 155-175 breeding pairs were observed. High pollution of groundwater with biogenic elements and coliform bacteria (together with E. coli) was recorded within the boundaries of the colony. Pollutants migrated to the lake together with groundwater. Mean values of the analyzed forms of biogenic elements and bacteria formed a gradient from the highest values recorded near the colony to the lowest ones recorded in the central part of the lake.

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Ocena jakości wód płynących na podstawie ugrupowań bezkręgowych zwierząt bentosowych - Indeks BMWP-PL dla rzeki Kłodawki

Klimaszyk P., Joniak T., Trawiński A.

Ekologia i Technika

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2011

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R. 19, nr 3

132-138

PL

Przeprowadzono ocenę jakości wód rzeki Kłodawki w oparciu o indeks BMWP-PL. Próby makrobezkregowców dennych pobierano w 6 punktach rzeki i na podstawie zebranych prób obliczano wskaźnik bioróżnorodności oraz wskaźnik BMWP-PL. Jednocześnie w tych samych punktach analizowano właściwości fizyczne i chemiczne wód rzeki. Rzeka Kłodawka w całym swoim biegu charakteryzowała się wyrównanymi właściwościami fizycznymi i chemicznymi wód, natomiast wartość indeksu BMWP-PL była zmienna w na różnych stanowiskach (od I do IV klasy czystości). Z przeprowadzonych badań wynika, że zbiorowisko makrobezkręgowców bentosowych jest dobrym indykatorem jakości środowiska a nie właściwości fizyczno-chemicznych wód rzecznych.. Mała różnorodność ugrupowań zoobentosu nie zawsze spowodowana jest zanieczyszczeniem środowiska, lecz także czynnikami naturalnymi (okresowe wysychanie fragmentów rzek). Na niektóre wskaźniki ważne z punktu widzenia gospodarki człowieka zbiorowisko makrozoobentosu nie jest wrażliwe.

EN

Investigations of the quality of the Kłodawka River based on the BMWP-PL biotic index was made. Samples of benthic macroinvertebrates were taken at 6 stations along the river, and on the basis of the collected samples indexes of the biodiversity and BMWP-PL were calculated. At the same time and at the same points the physical and chemical features of the river Kłodawka were analyzed. River throughout its course was characterized by aligned physical and chemical properties of water, while the value index BMWP-PL was differentiated (from I to IV class of the water quality). The study shows that the benthic macroinvertebrates community is a good indicator of river environment quality but not of the not the physico-chemical properties of riverine water. Small zoobenthos diversity is not always caused by the pollution of the environment, eg. natural factors (periodic drying of the parts of rivers). For some indicators which are important for the human macrozoobenthos is not sensitive.

6

Occurrence of Some Heavy Metals in Bottom Sediments of Lobelia Lakes

Mielnik L., Czekała J., Piotrowicz R., Klimaszyk P.

Ecological Chemistry and Engineering. A

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2011

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Vol. 18, nr 9-10

1293-1300

EN

The paper presents the occurrence of zinc (Zn), copper (Cu) and manganese (Mn) in bottom sediments of selected Lobelia lakes which are specific and unique aquatic reservoirs. The lake sediments were sampled in summer stagnation in the surface layer at two stands in each lake: in littoral zone and in profundal zone at maximum depth of the lake. Results of the investigations show that Zn, Cu and Mn contents in the investigated bottom sediments were low and ranged within geochemical background limits or slightly exceeded them. Presence of the metals in the sediments was spatially differential. Zn, Cu and Mn contents were significantly higher in most cases in the profundal zone of each investigated lake than they were in the litoral zone. Another factor which significantly differs the heavy metals content was level of thermal stratification.

PL

W pracy przedstawiono występowanie cynku, miedzi i manganu w osadach dennych wybranych jezior lobeliowych, stanowiących specyficzną grupę jezior. Osady jezior pobierano w okresie stagnacji letniej z warstwy powierzchniowej, z dwóch miejsc: strefy brzegowej i w miejscu maksymalnej głębokości zbiornika. Wyniki badań zawartości cynku, miedzi i manganu w osadach badanych jezior wskazują, że stężenia tych pierwiastków były niskie i mieściły się w granicach tła geochemicznego lub nieznacznie je przekraczały. Obecność analizowanych metali w osadach była zróżnicowana przestrzennie. W większości przypadków zawartość cynku, miedzi i manganu była istotnie większa w osadach deponowanych w miejscu maksymalnej głębokości każdego jeziora w porównaniu z zawartością tych metali w osadach strefy litoralu. Czynnikiem, który istotnie różnicował zawartość analizowanych metali, była wykształcona w pełni stratyfikacja termiczna wód lub jej brak.

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Vertical distribution of benthic macroinvertebrates in a meromictic lake (Lake Czarne, Drawieński National Park)

Klimaszyk P., Heymann D.

Oceanological and Hydrobiological Studies

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2010

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Vol. 39, No.4

99-106

EN

Investigations of the distribution of benthic macroinvertebrates in Lake Czarne were conducted in fall 2005 and spring 2006. Samples were taken in three transects (at a depth of 0.5 m and at 5 m intervals). It was noted that macrobenthos only inhabit depths to 10 m. Laminar sediments from 15 m to 29 m indicate that macrobenthos never inhabit the deepest part of the lake in spite of temporary oxygen abundance (between 15 and 20 m during the winter and spring mixing periods). The largest diversity and biomass of macrozoobenthos was observed in the littoral zone at a depth of 0.5 m. At a depth of 5 m in the characean stands and at a depth of 10 m the number and biomass of benthic macroinvertebrates were significantly smaller. The reason for the decrease of benthos density seems to be gradual oxygen depletion.

8

Functioning conditions of small basinbogs in Wielkopolski National Park

Klimaszyk P.

Oceanological and Hydrobiological Studies

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2010

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Vol. 39, No.3

93-101

EN

The hydrological and geochemical aspects of the functioning and evolution of two small peatbogs located in Wielkopolska National Park were studied. The investigated peatlands are isolated from the influence of catchment ground waters. The main source of water supply is precipitation and surface run-off from the wooded catchment. Physical and chemical properties of the peatland waters are determined by hydrological conditions. Acid water reaction and low concentration of dissolved minerals suggest the peatlands should be classified as ombrotrophic high peatbogs. High concentrations of nutrients (especially phosphorus) were found in the peat waters. However, the bioavailability of the phosphorus is strongly limited due to the presence of humic substances and the low pH of the water. Statistical analysis revealed that the peatlands studied were chemically similar.

9

Diel dynamics of vertical changes of chlorophyll and bacteriochlorophyll in small humic lakes

Joniak T., Klimaszyk P., Kraska M.

Oceanological and Hydrobiological Studies

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2010

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Vol. 39, No.3

103-111

EN

The diel variability of algal and bacterial chlorophyll and the physicochemical parameters (temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen, conductivity, transparency) in the vertical profile of three mid-forest humic lakes in Drawa National Park (northwest Poland) were analyzed in summer. The euphotic zone consisted of the smaller part of the water column in poly- and mesohumic lakes but almost the whole water column of the oligohumic lake. The 24-hour dynamics of chlorophyll a and bacteriochlorophyll d+e in poly- and mesohumic lake was significantly smaller than that in the polyhumic lake. The maximum concentrations of chlorophyll a and bacteriochlorophyll d+e were observed near the bottom border or below the euphotic zone in waters with oxygen deficits and containing sulfur hydrogen. The main producers of chlorophyll in meso- and oligohumic lake were green anaerobic sulphuric bacteria.

10

Chemical properties of bottom sediments in throughflow lakes located in Drawieński National Park

Mielnik L., Piotrowicz R., Klimaszyk P.

Oceanological and Hydrobiological Studies

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2009

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Vol. 38, No.3

69-76

EN

This study presents and discusses the result of research on the chemical composition of bottom sediments of throughflow lakes located in Drawieński National Park. Basic hydrochemical indicators of the studied sediments are discussed: total organic carbon (Corg), total nitrogen (Ntot), and the C_org/N_tot ratio, which shows the rate of organic matter mineralization. The research and the analysis of the results show that the quality of the studied sediments changed with their distribution in the lake basin. The highest C_org and N_tot values were noted in sediments accumulated in the maximum depth of each lake, and at the inflow and outflow from the first lake in the whole cascade of throughflow lakes. Low C_org/N_tot ratios indicate that most of the sedimentary organic matter in the throughflow lakes comes from aquatic organism production, but the small participation of land-plant organic matter delivered to the lakes is also shown.

11

Meromictic Lake Czarne in the Drawieński National Park

Kraska M., Klimaszyk P., Piotrowicz R.

Oceanological and Hydrobiological Studies

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2006

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Vol. 35, No.1

55-67

EN

The results of long-term research confirm that Lake Czarne in the Drawieński National Park is meromictic due to natural factors, not human influence. The lake is located in a large natural basin, so the tall forest stands covering the steep slopes surrounding the lake protect it from strong winds. Its small surface area and relatively large mean and maximum depth also limit the possibilities of water mixing in the lake.

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Diel vertical distribution of zooplankton in Piaseczno Lake (Wdecki Landscape Park) – II. Rotifera

Grzegorz G., Klimaszyk P., Kuczyńska-Kippen N.

Oceanological and Hydrobiological Studies

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2006

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Vol. 35, No.1

29-37

EN

Vertical distribution of chosen species of Rotifera was studied in Piaseczno Lake, during a water stagnation period, in the summer of 2004. Environmental factors, such as temperature, dissolved oxygen and water transparency in the whole water column were measured. The presence of a total of 45 species of Rotifera was found. The analysis of the diel vertical distribution of the examined species of rotifer communities revealed differentiated models. Diel vertical migrations were observed in the case of Gastropus stylifer, Asplanchna priodonta and Trichocerca similis. The remaining species (Kellicottia longispina, Polyarthra dolichopter and P. vulgaris) did not undergo migrations, they remained within a certain water layer throughout the day and night. These differences in the diel behaviour of particular species of rotifers may be mostly dependent on particular ecological requirements and different forms of predation caused by invertebrate and young fish predators.

13

Diel vertical distribution of zooplankton in Piaseczno Lake (Wda Landscape Park) - i. Crustacea

Grzegorz G., Kuczyńska-Kippen N., Klimaszyk P.

Oceanological and Hydrobiological Studies

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2005

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Vol. 34, No.4

97--108

EN

Diel vertical distribution of Crustacean communities was studied in Piaseczno Lake, in the water stagnate period, in the summer of 2004. Additionally, temperature, dissolved oxygen and water transparency in the whole water column were measured. The presence of a total of 30 species of crustaceans was found. Vertical distribution of both cladocerans and copepods was uneven and the highest numbers of individuals was noticed in the epilimnion. In the case of the larval stages of Copepoda the highest abundances were recorded in the metalimnion. Diel vertical migrations were observed only for three species - Diaphanosoma brachyurum, Daphnia hyalina and Mesocyclops oithonoides. Species which remained in the surface layers of water were cladocerans such as Daphnia cucullata, Chydorus sphaericus and Bosmina longirostris, while the rest of the species revealed an equal pattern of distribution in the water column. Diversified vertical distribution and diel vertical migrations of crustacean zooplankton ware probably caused by intense pressure of predators, mainly planktivorous fish present in great numbers in the examined water body, as well as the seeking of optimal life conditions in the pelagic zone of Piaseczno Lake (Jezioro Piaseczno).