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Monitoring małych rzek wyżynnych na przykładzie potoku Łękawka (gmina Bestwina, województwo śląskie)

Salachna Anna, Widuch Dominika

Polish Journal of Materials and Environmental Engineering

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2023

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Vol. 5 (25)

41--49

EN

The paper presents the assessment of the water condition of the Łękawka stream according Water Framework Directive, carried out on the basis of research on benthic macroinverte-brates and the analysis of data on other indicators used in the monitoring of waters. Sampling of macroinvertebrates, taxonomic identification and calculation of the MMI_PL index were car-ried out in accordance with the Multi-Habitat Sampling (MHS) method according to the EU standard EN16150:2012, used in Poland for the monitoring of surface waters. Field studies were carried out in September 2022. From each site, 20 quantitative samples were taken from various fractions of the substrate present in the bottom, using a Surber net. Data on other biological indicators, physicochemical and hydrobiological parameters and chemical status were obtained from the resources of the State Environmental Monitoring, concerning the re-sults of monitoring of rivers and dam reservoirs in Poland in 2016-2021. Studies of the inver-tebrate macrofauna of the Łękawka stream showed the occurrence of only nine families, dom-inated by taxa with a wide range of ecological tolerance. The final assessment of the ecological status of the Łękawka water body, according to the RDW guidelines, based on the results of monitoring studies, showed a bad ecological status (class V) of the ecosystem. The key influence on this assessment, in accordance with the principle "the worst decides" was the value of the Polish Multimetric Ecological Quality Index MMI_PL, confirmed by the results of the hydromorphological index (HIR). The chemical status of the examined water body, de-termined on the basis of the results of monitoring priority substances in the field of water policy (a group of 45 indicators) and other pollutants (eight indicators), showed a "below good" class. Finally, on the basis of a comparison of the ecological and chemical status, the bad condition of the Łękawka stream was confirmed. The obtained results indicate a significant disruption in the functioning of the water ecosystem as well as a violation of the hydrological regime and morphological conditions of the streambed. It means that the achievement of the environmen-tal goal set by the Water Framework Directive is very seriously threatened. Therefore, it is nec-essary to urgently regulate activities in the field of water and sewage management in the catch-ment area, regarding water intake and discharge of municipal and industrial sewage.

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Jakość wody rzeki Wisły i jej dopływów na terenie wybranych gmin powiatu cieszyńskiego (Polska południowa)

Salachna Anna, Kumorek Adrianna, Legierska Anna, Janecki Michał

Polish Journal of Materials and Environmental Engineering

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2022

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Vol. 4 (24)

41--49

EN

The paper presents an assessment of the water quality of the Vistula river and its tributaries in selected municipalities in the Cieszyn district based on benthic macroinvertebrates. A total of 45 samples were taken on nine positions. Most of the collected individuals were identified to the family level, except: Heptageniidae which was diagnosed to the genus; Turbellaria and Oligochaeta identified into the class. The conducted research showed that 54 taxa of benthic macroinvertebrates occurred at the analyzed sites. Among them, 40 taxa have a bioindica-tive value. The most sensitive to pollution are mayflies from the family Ameletidae and caddisflies from the families Glossosomatidae, Leptoceridae and Beraeidae. However, their fre-quency and density at the study sites was very low. The families Ephemerellidae, Heptageniidae, Hydropsychidae and Polycentropodidae as well as annelids from the Oligochaeta class were much more frequent. Based on macrozoobenthos diversity data, two biological indices were calculated: BMWP-PL index and Margalef’s biodiversity index. The values of these biological indicators was using to the classiffication of water into the appropriate quality class. The final classification showed that the examined sections of the Vistula river represents the I, II and III class of water quality what indicated high, good and moderate ecological potential/state. The first class of water quality in terms of both indices was recorded at the sites located in Ustroń, Skoczów and Drogomyśl. For these positions, the value of the BMWP-PL index was over 100, while the value of the Margalef’s index was in the range of 6.26–7.17.The lowest, third class of water quality was found in Kiczyce and Ochaby Wielkie. In these places, the diversity of macroinvertebrates was the lowest, which was reflected in the low values of both studied indices (BMWP-PL: 40; 41, Margalef's index: 2.6; 3.37).

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Wspomnienie o Profesorze Henryku Klamie

Salachna Anna

Polish Journal of Materials and Environmental Engineering

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2021

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Vol. 2 (22)

1--4

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Assessment of the Ecological Potential of the Soła River Cascade on the Basis of the Selected Biological Indicators

Salachna Anna, Olearczyk Zuzanna

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2020

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Vol. 21, nr 1

81--87

EN

The paper presents an assessment of the ecological potential of the Soła river based on the benthic macroinvertebrates and diatomaceous phytobenthos, according to the principles of the Water Framework Directive. The calculated values of Multimetric Diatom Index (IO) indicated class II of ecological potential, while the Multimetric Macroinvertebrate Index (MMI_PL) − class III. The final classification of biological, physicochemical and hydromorphological elements showed that the examined section of the Soła river represents a moderate ecological potential which indicates a moderate disruption in the functioning of the water ecosystem as well as a violation of the hydrological regime and morphological conditions of the riverbed.

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Zróżnicowanie i dynamika roślinności na terenie Stacji Bazowej Zintegrowanego Monitoringu Środowiska Przyrodniczego w Szymbarku (Beskid Niski)

Salachna Anna

Inżynieria Ekologiczna

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2020

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Vol. 21, nr 4

10--19

PL

W pracy przedstawiono wyniki badań roślinności, przeprowadzone na terenie Stacji Bazowej Monitoringu Zintegrowanego Środowiska Przyrodniczego w Szymbarku. W celu oceny tendencji dynamicznych wyróżnionych zbiorowisk roślinnych porównano dane fitosocjologiczne z 1995 i 2011 roku. Analiza DCA oraz wielozmienna analiza wariancji PERMANOVA wykazały brak istotnych statystycznie różnic w składzie gatunkowym porównywanych fitocenoz w badanym okresie. Za pomocą testu Wilcoxona dla par wiązanych odnotowano natomiast istotne statystycznie różnice w wartościach średnich bogactwa gatunkowego oraz wskaźnika jednorodności gatunkowej Pielou. Największe przeobrażenia struktury stwierdzono w zespole rajgrasu wyniosłego Arrenatheretum elatioris Br.-Bl. ex Scherr. 1925, co wynika z dużej wrażliwości tej fitocenozy na zmiany parametrów środowiskowych oraz sposobu użytkowania.

EN

The paper presents the results of vegetation research carried out in the Base Station of Integrated Monitoring of Natural Environment area in Szymbark. In order to assess the dynamic trends of the distinguished plant communities phytosociological data from 1995 and 2011 were compared. The DCA analysis and the multivariate PERMANOVA analysis of variance showed no statistically significant differences in the species composition of the compared phytocoenoses in the period 1995–2011. Using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test, statistically significant differences were noted in the mean values of species richness and the Pielou species homogeneity index. The greatest transformations in the structure were found in the Arrenatheretum elatioris association, which results from the high sensitivity of this phytocoenosis to changes in environmental parameters and the way of use.

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The Influence of Geotextiles Stabilizing the Soil on Vegetation of Post-Excavation Slopes and Drainage Ditches

Kobiela-Mendrek Katarzyna, Salachna Anna, Chmura Damian, Klama Henryk, Broda Jan

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2019

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Vol. 20, nr 1

125--131

EN

The paper presents preliminary results of the studies concerning influence of geotextiles stabilizing the soil on vegetation of post-excavation slopes and drainage ditches. Analyzed anthropogenic habitats are situated in Międzyrzecze and Nieboczowy (Silesian Province, Southhern Poland). They have been previously subjected to reclamation treatment, consisting in installation of wool and synthetic geotextiles in the ground. The studies on plant community were conducted according to commonly applied Braun-Blanquet approach. Recorded phytocenosis were classified into Molinio-Arrhenatheretea R. Tx.1937 and Stellarietea mediae R. Tx., Lohm. et Prsg.1950 class. For comparison of plant patches growing on two variants of geotextiles Hierarchical Cluster Analysis was used. Moreover, the number of species (S), Shannon-Wiener index (H), evenness index (J) and average heights of herbal layer were calculated. It has been shown, that the type of geotextiles has a slight influence on the variability of investigated plant patches. However, relatively high differences in total coverage and mean height of herbal layer between plots protected and unprotected were observed. It shows that the geotextiles support the process of natural ecological succession on habitats with high inclination, mainly through water retention and reduction of erosion.