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Context-dependent consequences of Marenzelleria spp. (Spionidae: Polychaeta) invasion for nutrient cycling in the Northern Baltic Sea

Maximov A., Bonsdorff E., Eremina T., Kauppi L., Norkko A., Norkko J.

Oceanologia

2015

No. 57 (4)

342--348

Within the framework of the possibility of using the Mediterranean pen shell Pinna nobilis in restoration and conservation plans of benthic habitats, an in situ experiment was conducted using empty P. nobilis shells. The latter were transplanted in a bare soft-bottomed area and their associated fauna were followed along 120 days and compared at different temporal points and with the assemblages living in the surrounding soft-sediment area. Compared to soft-sediment communities, an evidently increasing succession of species richness, abundance, and diversity descriptors (Shannon-Wiener H′ and Pielou's evenness J′) was observed with the community inhabiting empty Pinna shells. Among the forty-five (45) species found in association with the transplanted empty shells, seventeen (17) were found constantly in the three temporal points; the other twenty-eight (28) species appeared in the samples collected in the second and/or third sampling time. While motile and sessile species associated to Pinna shells showed an increasing pattern of appearance and abundance along the experiment time, those of soft sediment remained almost constant. The comparison between Pinna shells and soft-sediment associated communities showed that the species richness was slightly different between the two different sample types (49 for soft sediment versus 45 for empty Pinna shells); however the total abundance was found more important with empty Pinna shells. The results obtained herein argue in favor of the important engineering effect of P. nobilis in soft benthic habitats and therefore for the necessity of its conservation.

Regional algorithms for the estimation of chlorophyll and suspended matter concentration in the Gulf of Finland from MODIS-Aqua satellite data

Vazyulya S., Khrapko A., Kopelevich O., Burenkov V., Eremina T., Isaev A.

Oceanologia

2014

No. 56 (4)

737--756

Validation of algorithms for the retrieval of concentrations of chlorophyll (Chl) and total suspended matter (TSM) in the Gulf of Finland from satellite ocean colour data was carried out using field measurement data from summer 2012 and 2013. These data included spectral values of the remote sensing reflectance Rrs(λ), Chl and TSM concentrations. Testing of the existing algorithms (OC4v4, OC3M, and the Baltic regional algorithms developed by Polish specialists) showed that all of them overestimated Chl several times. The new regional algorithms were developed on the basis of measured values of Rrs(λ), Chl and TSM (40 stations in total). Direct comparison of Chl and TSM values, obtained from MODIS-Aqua data with the algorithms developed here, with their in situ values showed reasonable agreement. The spatial distributions of Chl and TSM concentrations were constructed from MODIS-Aqua data. Errors of the atmospheric correction were analysed.