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2 2013

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Construction Workers' Reasons for Not Reporting Work-Related Injuries: An Exploratory Study

Moore J. T., Cigularov K. P., Sampson J. M., Rosecrance J. C., Chen P. Y.

International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics

2013

Vol. 19, No. 1

97--105

Although under-reporting of work-related injuries by workers is recognized as a significant problem in construction and other industries, little is known about the specific reasons for such occurrences. Qualitative and quantitative methods were used in this study to (a) identify reasons why construction workers may choose not to report work-related injuries, and (b) to investigate the frequency of the identified reasons. Twenty-seven percent of a sample of construction workers (N = 135) indicated that they had failed to report a work-related injury. The most frequent reasons given were related to perceptions of injuries as "small" and "part of the job" as well as fear of negative consequences, which may follow injury reporting. These findings are discussed in terms of practical implications. Strategies to overcome these reasons are suggested to decrease the under-reporting of injuries in the construction industry.

Dft investigation of a high energy density polynitro compound, 2,2’-Bis(trinitromethyl)-5,5’-azo-1,2,3,4- tetrazole

Lin H., Zhu S. G., Chen P. Y., Li K., Li H. Z., Peng X. H.

Central European Journal of Energetic Materials

2013

Vol. 10, no. 3

325--338

A novel polynitro compound, 2,2’-bis(trinitromethyl)-5,5’-azo- 1,2,3,4-tetrazole, was designed and investigated at the DFT-B3LYP/6-31G(d) level. Its properties, such as electronic structure, IR spectrum, heat of formation, thermodynamic properties and crystal structure, were predicted. This compound is most likely to crystallize in the P21 space group, and the corresponding cell parameters are Z = 2, a = 5.46 Å, b = 9.72 Å, c = 14.05 Å, α = 90°, β = 90°, γ = 90°. In addition, the detonation velocity and pressure were also estimated by using the empirical Kamlet-Jacobs equations, and were predicted to be 8.28 km/s and 31.61 GPa respectively. The oxygen balance of this compound is +13.79%, which indicates that it could serve as an oxidizer. Bond dissociation energy calculations show that the C(13)-N(21)O2 and C(14)-N(30)O2 bonds are the locations of thermal decomposition and that this compounds meets the thermal stability requirements as an exploitable explosive. Keywords: polynitro, electronic structure, thermodynamic properties, crystal structure, detonation performance, stability.