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1
Content available Reference values of spatiotemporal parameters, joint angles, ground reaction forces, and plantar pressure distribution during normal gait in young women
Fryzowicz A., Murawa M., Kabaciński J., Rzepnicka A., Dworak L. B.
Acta of Bioengineering and Biomechanics
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2018
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Vol. 20, no. 1
49--57
EN
The aim of this study was to establish the reference values of spatiotemporal parameters, joint angles, ground reaction forces and plantar pressure distribution collected simultaneously on the same measurement path during normal gait in a homogenous group of young, healthy women. Methods: The studied group consisted of 28 healthy women aged 21 years on average. The motion capture system BTS Smart-D, 2 AMTI force platforms and Footscan pedobarographic platform were used in this research. The 14-metre measurement path and the 6-metre distance that examined women had to walk through before entering the measurement area ensured that a natural gait pattern was recorded. Statistical analysis was performed to evaluate differences between right and left lower extremities. Results: The applied method enabled collecting several parameters regarding normal female gait biomechanics such as: spatiotemporal parameters, angle-time characteristics as well as range of motion of pelvis, hip, knee and ankle joints in gait cycle, force-time characteristics and peaks of ground reaction force components in stance phase, peak pressure and time of loading of defined foot regions in stance phase. Conclusions: The results may be used by clinicians, physiotherapists or researchers as a reference in diagnosing gait disorders or evaluating patient’s walking pattern. In recent literature there are some disparities in gait parameters reference values even regarding similar research groups. These differences may arise from distinct method, slower or faster gait, other laboratory environment etc. This should be considered and more than one source of normative values should be checked when searching for reference data.
2
Content available Parametry wyskoku pionowego a wartości momentów siły mięśniowej kończyn dolnych tancerzy zawodowych
Gorwa J., Kabaciński J., Murawa M., Mączyński J., Dworak L.
Aktualne Problemy Biomechaniki
|
2017
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z. 13
21--28
PL
Praca przedstawia związki pomiędzy parametrami skoku pionowego i wartościami względnych, momentów sił wybranych grup mięśniowych, kończyn dolnych, dla 43 tancerzy zawodowych uprawiających dwa, odmienne style taneczne: klasykę oraz taniec współczesny. Parametry CMJ i SJ oraz wartości względne, wybranych momentów siły mięśniowej kończyn dolnych mierzonych w warunkach statyki, są ze sobą powiązane, a najistotniejszymi informacjami wyciągniętymi w toku analiz do niniejszej pracy, jest wpływ danego stylu tańca na parametry CMJ i SJ.
EN
The study presents correlations between vertical jump parameters and relative values of selected muscles torques of lower extremities of 43 professional dancers who practice two different styles of dance: classic and modern. CMJ and SJ parameters turned out to be slightly correlated with relative values of selected muscles torques measured in static conditions. The analysis mainly focused on the influence of the dance style on the CMJ and SJ parameters.
3
Content available Izokinetyczna ocena ekscentrycznej siły mięśni grupy tylnej i przedniej uda siatkarzy
Kabaciński J., Murawa M., Żyła T., Gorwa J., Dworak L. B.
Aktualne Problemy Biomechaniki
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2017
|
z. 12
35--40
PL
W pracy określono wartości wybranych wskaźników ekscentrycznej siły mięśni uda siatkarzy w warunkach izokinetycznych. Ocenie poddano stosunek momentu siły hamstrings do quadriceps (H/Q) oraz bilateralny deficyt maksymalnego momentu siły mięśni (BD) dla prędkości kątowych 30°/s, 60°/s i 90°/s. Wartości maksymalnego H/Q zawierały się od 69.0% (90°/s) do 81.3% (30°/s), natomiast średniego H/Q od 68.6% (90°/s) do 78.7% (30°/s). Ponadto, stwierdzono nieistotny BD (poniżej 7%) dla obu zespołów mięśniowych.
EN
In the study the values of selected indicators of thigh eccentric isokinetic strength in volleyball athletes at angular velocities 30°/s, 60°/s and 90°/s was determined. The evaluation included the hamstrings to quadriceps torque ratio (H/Q) and peak torque bilateral deficit (BD). The peak H/Q values ranged from 69.0% (90°/s) to 81.3% (30°/s), whereas average H/Q values ranged from 68.6% (90°/s) to 78.7% (30°/s). Moreover, no significant BD values (less than 7%) were found for both muscle groups.
4
Content available Dynamic parameters of three-point crutch gait in female patients after total hip arthroplasty
Murawa M., Dworak L. B., Kabaciński J., Syczewska M., Rzepnicka A.
Acta of Bioengineering and Biomechanics
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2016
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Vol. 18, no. 2
131--135
EN
Purpose: Patient recovery after a surgical procedure depends, among other factors, on the amount of the body weight with which patient loads lower limb. Research studies report different results of the degree of body weight with which lower limb is loaded during three-point crutch gait. The aim of this study was to evaluate the level of the ground reaction forces (GRF) during crutch gait used by patients after total hip arthroplasty (THA) in the first week after discharge from the orthopaedic units. Methods: Ten female patients diagnosed with primary unilateral coxarthrosis participated in a single measurement session. In order to record kinematic and dynamic variables of this gait pattern motion analysis system was used together with two force plates. The static test of body weight distribution between lower limbs was performed on a dual-top stabilometric plate. Results: The average peak values of loading on the operated (O) limb during mid stance and terminal stance of three-point crutch gait were 64.6% and 64.3% of body weight (BW), respectively, whereas in the case of the nonoperated (NO) limb 103.5%BW and 108.8%BW, respectively. The maximum loads on the crutches were significantly higher (by 9%BW) on the NO side as compared to the O side ( p < 0.05). During the static test, average values of body weight distribution on the O and NO limb were 36%BW and 64%BW, respectively. Conclusions: The patients showed surprisingly similar level of loading on the O limb. The weight bearing on the O limb was lower during static trial than during three-point crutch gait.
5
Content available Dynamic load indicators for take-off–landing sequence in blocks and attacks of elite female volleyball players
Kabaciński J., Dworak L. B., Murawa M., Rzepnicka A.
Acta of Bioengineering and Biomechanics
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2016
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Vol. 18, no. 1
41--46
EN
Purpose: Dynamic loads during landings determined by the ground reaction forces (GRFs) may elaborate internal loads and increase the risk of overload knee injuries as a result of performing volleyball jumps many times. The study dealt with a biomechanical assessment of dynamic load indicators in female volleyball players for the motion sequence of take-off–landing in blocks and attacks. Methods: Twelve professional female volleyball players participated in the study. Blocks and attacks were filmed by two cameras. GRFs vs. time graphs were recorded with the use of a force platform. Values of dynamic load indicators in terms of the relations of peak of vertical component of GRF, build-up index of this force (BIF), and power output (P) during landing to the vGRF, BIF and P during take-off (L/T) were calculated. Results: The statistically significant ( p < 0.05) highest values of L/T indicators were found for back row attack spikes: 2.4 (vGRF), 12.2 (BIF) and 3.1 (P). In the case of blocks, slide attack spikes and attack line spikes, results of these variables were in range: 1.8÷2.1, 5.9÷7.6 and 2.1÷2.9, respectively. Conclusions: The reduction of GRFs during landings contributes to decreasing the level of the load indicators L/T which should minimize the incidence of anterior cruciate ligament and patellar tendon injuries in female volleyball players.
6
Content available Accuracy analysis of stowing computations for securing non-standard cargoes on ships according to IMO CSS Code
Kabaciński J., Wiśnicki B.
Polish Maritime Research
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2009
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nr 2
67-71
EN
The article takes up a subject of effectiveness of securing arrangements while stowing non-standard cargoes on ships. Accuracy analysis of stowing calculations was based on procedures proposed by Code of Safe Practice for Cargo Stowage and Securing – CSS Code. Detailed calculations of forces and moments related to lashings, which prevents non-standard cargo against transverse tipping, were performed. Some simplifications were proven that may result in underestimating or overstating the calculated righting moment, which decides of safety margin of securing non-standard cargoes. The alternative more reliable procedure, without simplifications, was proposed.
7
Optymalizacja obciążeń zespołu wentylatorów na przykładzie instalacji wyprowadzania spalin bloku energetycznego
Kabaciński J., Pospolita J.
Systems : journal of transdisciplinary systems science
|
2008
|
Vol. 13, spec. iss. 1/2
233--243
PL
W pracy przeprowadzono analizę parametryczną pod kątem minimalizacji sumarycznego zużycia niezbędnej Jo napędu wentylatorów spalin. Uwzględniono podczas sporządzania charakterystyk różne opory w instalacji mokrego odsiarczania spalin MIOS związane z zapełnieniem koszy REGAWO. Przygotowano oprogramowanie umożliwiające sporządzenie w wersji elektronicznej charakterystyk wentylatorów, jak i odtworzenie z punktu pracy wentylatora takich parametrów jak kąt położenia kierownic i sprawność wentylatora. W oparciu o wyznaczone sprawności oraz dla wcześniej wyznaczonych innych wielkości charakteryzujących pracę wentylatorów określono zużycie mocy do napędu poszczególnych zespołów oraz sumaryczne zużycie mocy w instalacji wyciągowej spalin.
8
Content available remote Biomechaniczna charakterystyka siły i mocy zespołów mięśniowych kończyn dolnych tancerek zawodowych baletu klasycznego
Gorwa J., Dworak L., Kabaciński J., Murawa D.
Aktualne Problemy Biomechaniki
|
2007
|
z. 1
21--28
PL
Ciała tancerzy są narzędziem w ich profesji, medium, poprzez które komunikują się z widownią. Nie ma wątpliwości, że kończyny dolne są szczególnie ważne dla tej grupy zawodowej a jednocześnie jest to część ciała najbardziej narażona na kontuzje i urazy. Badaniom poddano grupę kobiet, zawodowo uprawiających taniec klasyczny. Stosując dynamometrię tensometryczną scharakteryzowano poziom momentów sił generowanych przez następujące zespoły mięśniowe: prostowniki i zginacze stawów biodrowychkolanowych- skokowych górnych, zginacze palucha oraz odwodziciele i przywodziciele stawów biodrowych. Test skoczności i mocy kończyn dolnych przeprowadzono za pomocą wyskoku dosiężnego wykonanego na platformie piezoelektrycznej typu Kistler. Uzyskane rezultaty poddano analizie statystycznej.
EN
The bodies of dancers are their instruments and their medias which they use for communication with the audience. There's no doubts that lower extremities are extremely important for this kind of profession but also often exposed for various mechanics of injuries. The subject for the experiment was a group of women - professional classic ballet dancers. The level of muscle torque (for such a muscle complexes like: extensors and flexors of hip joints, knee joints and upper ankle joints, big toe flexors, abductors and adductors of the hip joints) was evaluated using tensometric dynamometry. The CMJ was performed on the Kistlcr piezoelectric platform. All received data was statistically analyzed.
9
Content available remote Analiza wzoru F. Vasco Costa na energię uderzenia statku o nabrzeże
Kabaciński J.
Inżynieria Morska i Geotechnika
|
2004
|
nr 5
256-259
PL
Poprawne definicje symboli (i ich znaków) występujących we wzorze F. V. Costy. Należy unikać podczas manewrowania statku sytuacji, gdy cała energia poruszającego się statku jest pochłaniana przez urządzenie odbojowe. Pełen program symulacji ruchu statku po kontakcie z nabrzeżem wymaga dokładnego uwzględnienia energii rozproszonej na skutek poślizgu oraz efektu przekazania energii systemu odbojowego ponownie na statek.
EN
Correct definitions of the symbols (and its signs) in F. V. Costa relation. The cases when whole energy of moving vessel is absorbed by the fender guards should be avoided. Correct simulation of the vessel movement after the contact with a quay requires accurate implementation of the dissipative energy due to slipping and the effect of the re-transmission of the energy from fender quard system onto the vessel.
10
Content available remote The Hamburgian settlement at Mirkowice: recent results and research perspectives
Kabaciński J., Bratlund B., Kubiak L., Makowiecki D., Schild R., Tobolski K.
Folia Quaternaria
|
1999
|
nr 70
211-238
EN
In the early 1990s another Hamburgian settlement was discovered in the northern part of the Polish Plain - the most eastern and northern settlement known up to now. The paper discusses initial results of the international research program that was built up around this discovery: (1) stratigraphy and geomorphology of the site; (2) general characteristic of the lithic industry, and (3) faunal remains. The site at Mirkowice creates an exceptional situation for modern environmental studies of the Late Glacial, including reconstruction of plant and animal assemblages of that times and proper correlation of geological and geomorphological processes of the area with the human occupation. Altogether, the Mirkowice project has a research potential to be a benchmark for a modern chronostratigraphy of the Late Glacial in the Lowland.
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