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Cultural Landscape, Floods and Remote Sensing

Húska D., Jurík L., Tátošová L., Šinka K., Jakabovičová J.

Journal of Ecological Engineering

2017

Vol. 18, nr 3

31--36

The dynamics of the cultural landscape is associated with the penetration of people into the natural landscape, the settling and adaptation to the needs of the society and its development. Climate creates the decisive influence, specifically the form of extremely high rainfall causing flooding. Adverse impact on the cultural agricultural landscape is mainly the submersion time. This time depends on the configuration of the terrain, its disposition and the existing drainage ditches in the area, ensuring the drainage of the flood to the recipients. Long-lasting floods have stipulated taking measures for the protection of the area from flooding by building dikes and drainage of the flood from the area. Identifying the extent of extreme floods and zones of permanent waterlogging is currently provided by modern technology which allows recording satellite images in different spectral bands. Within the basic distinguishing signs mainly accruing is used and it is possible to track changes of the extent of flooded areas and thus identify problem areas insufficiently protected against long-term flooding. Consequently, it is possible to solve the concept of exploiting such areas to keep them in the structure of PPF or their reclassification in wetland systems with necessary legislative security. The aim of this paper is to show the possibility of using satellite images in identifying the extent of flooding.

Small Water Reservoirs – Sources of Water or Problems?

Jurik L., Húska D., Halászová K., Bandlerová A.

Journal of Ecological Engineering

2015

Vol. 16, nr 4

22--28

The design of small water reservoirs in Slovakia and neighbouring countries has common origins in the middle of the last century. Most of them were an alternative source of water for irrigation of field crops. Nowadays, we have to face new problems, such as the problems with the design of hydrological data and real current discharges, the problems with original and new design of the flood wave for the solution of the safety overflow. All of Q100 flows recorded nowadays are much higher than those which had been designed and built. The safety overflows no longer answer the purpose of the contemporary flows. The problems with the Framework Directive are also important – small water reservoirs are not resolved in the Directive as the water bodies of stagnant water because they have an area of less than 0.5 km2. The same problem is also with the preservation of continuity of the flow and the fact that they should let the fish pass. Unfortunately, the state, administrators of small dams, operators and nature conservationists have different points of view on the above-mentioned problems. The article elaborates these problems and suggests possible solutions to the problems.