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EN
The aim of this study was to compare gait stability and variability between walking conditions and age groups. Methods: Twenty-six healthy younger and older females participated. Trunk acceleration in the vertical (V), medial-lateral (ML) and anteriorposterior (AP) directions during 5 minutes walking overground and 3 minutes walking on the treadmill at self-selected speed were recorded. Root mean square and standard deviations of acceleration, stride time and its variability, Lyapunov exponents (LE), multiscale entropy (MSE) and harmonic ratios (HR) were computed. Results: Both age groups showed significantly higher stride time variability and short-term LE in all directions during overground walking. For the older group, overground walking showed higher V and AP standard deviation. Significantly lower values for overground walking were observed for long-term LE (V and ML for the younger group, ML for the older group), HR (ML for the older group) and MSE (V for the older group). Significant age-related differences were found for V long-term LE for overground walking. Conclusions: The present findings suggest that both linear and advanced computational techniques for gait stability and variability assessment in older adults are sensitive to walking conditions.
EN
The aim of the study was to determine whether it is possible to assess static balance on an unstable surface using center of pressure velocities obtained with a force platform when standing on a wobble board. Methods: The center of pressure velocities were recorded with a force platform within three days (four trials per day) in thirty young adults in three conditions: standing on a rigid surface, compliant surface, and on a wobble board. Reliability of mean velocities of the center of pressure was examined using intraclass correlation coefficients. Relationships between the three conditions were assessed with Pearson correlation coefficients. Results: Intra-session reliability was excellent for standing on a rigid surface and on a compliant surface and good for standing on a wobble board. Inter-session reliability was good for all parameters in all conditions, except for poor reliability in the anterior-posterior direction in standing on a wobble board. All correlations between the same parameter in different conditions were statistically significant (P < 0.05), except for velocity of the center of pressure in the anterior-posterior direction between stance on a rigid surface and stance on a wobble board. Conclusions: Centre of pressure velocity parameters obtained with a force plate when standing on a wobble board can provide valuable information about postural stability in unstable conditions.
3
Content available Analysis of foot load during ballet dancers’ gait
EN
Ballet is an art that puts extreme demands on the dancer’s musculoskeletal system and therefore significantly affects motor behavior of the dancers. The aim of our research was to compare plantar pressure distribution during stance phase of gait between a group of professional ballet dancers and non-dancers. Thirteen professional dancers (5 men, 8 women; mean age of 24.1 ± 3.8 years) and 13 nondancers (5 men, 8 women; mean age of 26.1 ± 5.3 years) participated in this study. Foot pressure analysis during gait was collected using a 2 m pressure plate. The participants were instructed to walk across the platform at a self-selected pace barefoot. Three gait cycles were necessary for the data analysis. The results revealed higher ( p < 0.05) pressure peaks in medial edge of forefoot during gait for dancers in comparison with nondancers. Furthermore, differences in total foot loading and foot loading duration of rearfoot was higher ( p < 0.05) in dancers as well. We can attribute these differences to long-term and intensive dancing exercises that can change the dancer’s gait stereotype.
EN
The purpose of this study was to assess the execution of the flight phase in the Nordic combined (NC) among three groups of competitors, representing different skill levels, and to compare them with three groups of ski jumpers (SJs). Thirty NC and thirty SJ competitors, who performed ski jumps on an HS-134 m jumping hill, were divided into three subgroups based on jump length execution. Two-dimensional (2-D) kinematic data were collected from the lower extremities, trunks, and skis of the competitors. The SJ group had a smaller lower extremity angle ( p < 0.05), which results in the larger center of mass anterior movement ( p < 0.05) in comparison to the NC competitors. The NC competitors achieved jump lengths comparable to those of the SJ competitors by having significantly higher in-run velocities.
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