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2 Archives of Metallurgy and Materials

2 2017

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Studies on Viscoelastic, Thermal and Morphological Properties of Vinyl Ester - Mixed Diluents System

Ranjan J. K., Raghu Raja Pandiyan K., Goswami S.

Archives of Metallurgy and Materials

2017

Vol. 62, iss. 3

1845--1850

Vinyl ester resin networks formed by using mixture of diluents were prepared. Methyl methacrylate (MMA) diluent was mixed in various proportions with vinyl ester resin which was already premixed with styrene diluent (45 wt. %). Weight ratios e.g. 80:20, 70:30 and 60:40 of VE resin: MMA diluents were studied. Viscoelastic properties of the cross-linked resin were studied by dynamic mechanical analyzer in terms of storage modulus and tanδ. Thermal analysis was performed using non-isothermal mode of Differential scanning calorimetry. The samples with mixed diluents, showed higher modulus, and glass transition temperature in comparison to that of the pure vinyl ester-styrene resin cross-linked in presence of styrene only. The difference in thermal stability between vinyl ester-styrene and vinyl ester-MMA-styrene was checked. Vinyl Ester – 20 wt. % MMA-Styrene samples have the best thermal property among all other prepared samples. Multiphase morphology was formed for the thermoset crosslinked with mixed diluents in contrast to that formed with single diluent. With increase in MMA content in the resin dispersed domain size increased.

Simulation of Air Entrapment and Resin Curing during Manufacturing of Composite Cab Front by Resin Transfer Moulding Process

Raghu Raja Pandiyan K., Neogi S.

Archives of Metallurgy and Materials

2017

Vol. 62, iss. 3

1839--1844

Mould filling and subsequent curing are the significant processing stages involved in the production of a composite component through Resin Transfer Moulding (RTM) fabrication technique. Dry spot formation and air entrapment during filling stage caused by improper design of filling conditions and locations that lead to undesired filling patterns resulting in defective RTM parts. Proper placement of inlet ports and exit vents as well as by adjustment of filling conditions can alleviate the problems during the mould filling stage. The temperature profile used to polymerize the resin must be carefully chosen to reduce the cure time. Instead of trial and error methods that are expensive, time consuming, and non-optimal, we propose a simulation-based optimization strategy for a composite cab front component to reduce the air entrapment and cure stage optimization. In order to be effective, the optimization strategy requires an accurate simulation of the process utilizing submodels to describe the raw material characteristics. Cure reaction kinetics and chemo-rheology were the submodels developed empirically for an unsaturated polyester resin using experimental data. The simulations were performed using commercial software PAM RTM 2008, developed by ESI Technologies. Simulation results show that the use of increase in injection pressure at the inlet filling conditions greatly reduce the air entrapped. For the cab front, the alteration of injection pressure with proper timing of vent opening reduced the air entrapped during mould filling stage. Similarly, the curing simulation results show that the use of higher mould temperatures effectively decreases the cure time as expected.