Wyniki wyszukiwania - BazTech

1

Ropa naftowa i gaz ziemny w Polsce : obszary perspektywiczne oraz postępowanie przetargowe w 2018 r. (część I)

Jagielski G., Feldman-Olszewska A., Janas M., Kiersnowski H., Krzyżak E., Podhalańska T., Roszkowska-Remin J., Sobień K., Wójcik K.

Przegląd Geologiczny

|

2018

|

Vol. 66, nr 12

724--740

EN

On the 28th of June 2017, the Polish Ministry of the Environment announced the boundaries of the tender areas selected for the third licensing round for concessions for prospection, exploration and exploitation of hydrocarbons. This round is going to be proceeded in the 4th Quarter of 2018 and 1st Quarter of 2019. The geologists of the Polish Geological Survey selected 15 tender areas (promising for discoveries of conventional and unconventional oil and gas fields) based on the geological data resources stored in the National Geological Archive, other published data, as well as the knowledge and experience of employees of the Polish Geological Institute - National Research Institute and the Polish Ministry of the Environment. All selected areas are located onshore. In this article we describe 10 tender areas located in the Gdańsk, Pomerania and Wielkopolska petroleum provinces. Other tender areas situated in the Carpathians (Błażowa, Proszowice W, Rudnik-Lipiny, Wetlina) and in the Lublin Petroleum Province (Ryki) will be discussed in the next publication. Three areas: Wejherowo, Bytów and Braniewo-Miłakowo are located in the northern Poland (Gdańsk Petroleum Province). The exploration targets of these areas are generally related to structural-lithological traps in the Middle Cambrian beds of the Baltic Basin, as well as to unconventional shale oil and gas in the Lower Paleozoic. Seven tender areas are situated in the northwestern Poland (Pomerania and Wielkopolska Petroleum Provinces). Three of them - Chodzież, Piła and Leszno are dedicated to conventional gas deposits in the Rotliegend sandstones and, in some cases, also oil deposits in the Zechstein/Main Dolomite. Excluding the Leszno tender area, chances for tight gas discoveries exist within the Rotliegend sandstones. The exploration target of the Konin tender area is related to possible conventional fields in the Jurassic and Lower Cretaceous beds. In the Pomerania region the exploration target is generally related to conventional hydrocarbon deposits in the Devonian, Carboniferous and Permian (Rotliegend and Zechstein/Main Dolomite). Three tender areas are situated within the region of: Sierpowo, Orle and Chełmno. As a rule, a concession is granted for a period of 10 to 30 years and is divided into 2 phases: 1) prospecting and exploration phase (which lasts from 4 to 5 years and can be extended to another 2-year period), 2) production phase. Every entity interested in obtaining a concession needs to undergo the qualification procedure. We believe that this publication will contribute to better understanding of the offered tender areas and encourage activity in the Polish oil and gas sector.

2

Assessment of the monitoring of an industrial waste landfill

Janas M., Zawadzka A.

Ecological Chemistry and Engineering. S

|

2018

|

Vol. 25, nr 4

659--669

EN

Industrial waste deposited in landfills poses a threat to the environment and can cause its deterioration. The physical and chemical processes that result in the formation of a number of harmful substances occur in the mass of stored waste. When released to the environment these compounds can be dangerous to all its elements, especially to groundwater. The monitoring of landfill impact plays an important role in assessing the state of the environment. It allows us to follow what changes take place in the waste bed itself, and in particular elements of the environment. On the basis of long-term monitoring studies (conducted in the years 1995-2016), the quality of groundwater around the industrial waste landfill in Zgierz was determined and its impact on the environment was characterized. The quality of conducted monitoring was assessed in relation to the current regulations. Analysis of the results of groundwater quality tests confirms that the industrial landfill in the operational phase due to a number of applied security measures has not contributed to the deterioration of groundwater quality. In the post-operational phase, groundwater contamination is observed, and consequently irreversible changes occur in the environment. The negative impact of the landfill can be due to the disruption of sealing layers and elution of pollutants from the waste by rainwater. The landfill site monitoring plays a key role in assessing causal relationships occurring between the state of the landfill and elements of the environment in its vicinity.

3

Assessment of environmental impact of agricultural biogas plants

Janas M., Zawadzka A.

Acta Innovations

|

2018

|

no. 27

24--30

EN

Operation of biogas plants, anaerobic fermentation processes, collection and purification of biogas and its subsequent combustion may be a source of environmental hazard. The construction and operation of biogas plants is inextricably connected with the generation and emission of solid, liquid and gaseous pollutants into the environment. The aim of the work is to analyze environmental hazards resulting from the construction and operation of biogas plants. As part of the work, a comprehensive analysis of their impact on individual components of the environment was made. The effect of biogas plants on atmospheric air, soil and water environment and acoustic climate was analyzed and the potential range of these impacts was presented.

4

Ocena zagrożenia środowiska wynikająca z zagospodarowania popiołów z termicznego przekształcania odpadów

Janas M., Zawadzka A., Wasiak D.

Nowa Energia

|

2017

|

nr 1

86--90

PL

Proces termicznego przekształcania odpadów staje się coraz bardziej atrakcyjnym i pożądanym rozwiązaniem w gospodarce odpadami. Termiczne przekształcanie odpadów jest to proces spalania, który prowadzi do zredukowania ilości odpadów składowanych na składowiskach, przy jednoczesnym wytworzeniu energii elektrycznej i cieplnej].

5

Wpływ składowiska odpadów przemysłowych na środowisko

Janas M., Zawadzka A.

Inżynieria Ekologiczna

|

2017

|

Vol. 18, nr 3

64--73

PL

Celem pracy jest ocena oddziaływania wyłączonego z eksploatacji składowiska odpadów przemysłowych na środowisko. Przeprowadzono szczegółową analizę jakości wód podziemnych wokół składowiska w latach 1995–2016. Ocenę stanu wód podziemnych w rejonie składowiska wykonano na podstawie wyników badań monitoringowych. Obejmuje on pomiar pH, przewodnictwa elektrolitycznego właściwego (PEW) oraz zawartości chlorków, siarczanów, fosforanów, metali ciężkich: miedź (Cu), ołów (Pb), chrom (Cr) oraz wielu innych wskaźników zanieczyszczeń. Przeprowadzona analiza, potwierdza że składowisko w fazie eksploatacji nie stanowiło zagrożenia, ze względu na szereg zastosowanych zabezpieczeń, uszczelnień. Dopiero w ostatnich latach, składowisko odpadów przemysłowych będące już wyłączone z eksploatacji stało się wyjątkowo poważnym zagrożeniem środowiskowym. Wyniki analiz wód z piezometrów, wskazują wyraźnie na pojawienie się problemu skażenia wód podziemnych. Zaobserwowano znaczne podwyższenie wartości niektórych analizowanych wskaźników (m.in. chlorków, siarczanów), głównie w piezometrach, zlokalizowanych na linii spływu wód podziemnych w rejonie składowiska. Obserwowana sytuacja jest prawdopodobnie wynikiem uszkodzenia warstw uszczelniających i wymywaniem zanieczyszczeń z odpadów zdeponowanych na składowisku przez wody opadowe.

EN

The aim of the study is to assess the environmental impact of a shut down industrial waste landfill. A detailed analysis of the quality of groundwater around the landfill in the years 1995–2016 was conducted. Assessment of the status of groundwater in the landfill area was made based on the results of monitoring tests. It includes the measurement of pH, specific electrical conductivity (SEC) and the content of chlorides, sulfates, phosphates, heavy metals: copper (Cu), lead (Pb), chromium (Cr) and a number of other pollution indicators. The analysis confirms that the landfill during the operation did not constitute a threat because of a number of employed security measures and sealing layers. Only in recent years, the industrial waste landfill which is already out of operation has become an extremely serious environmental threat. The results of water analyses from the piezometers clearly indicate that there is a problem of groundwater contamination. There was a significant increase in the value of some of the analyzed indicators (such as chlorides and sulfates), mainly in the piezometers located on the ﬂow line of groundwater in the landfill area. The observed situation is probably a result of damage to the sealing layers and leaching of pollutants from waste deposited in the landfill by rain water.

6

Energy willow from experimental plantation as a potentially clean energy source

Janas M., Zawadzka A.

Ecological Chemistry and Engineering. S

|

2017

|

Vol. 24, nr 2

203--212

EN

Energy willow as a species with broad adaptation possibilities, large production capacity and a wide range of applications, takes a special place among the plants grown for energy production. In this work an analysis was conducted in respect of the usefulness of this type of wood from experimental plantations as a clean source of energy generated in the combustion process. The heat of combustion and net calorific value of dry matter of energy willow wood, including selected sorts and classes of thickness were determined. Energy willow has a natural ability to accumulate heavy metals which are oxidized during the combustion process or remain in the ash, and consequently repollute the environment. In order to determine the environmental impact the content of heavy metals was examined in energy willow wood and in the soil of the experimental plantation. Metal concentrations were determined by the Atomic Absorption Spectrometry method (AAS). Results of the tests confirmed a close relationship between the heat of combustion, calorific value and wood thickness as well as its location in the tree structure. Furthermore, very large differences were found in the content of heavy metals in the samples of both willow wood and soil. The levels of heavy metal content in the wood of energy willow determine the agricultural use of ashes produced during combustion.

7

Biofiltration as an effective method for reduction of pollutant emissions

Janas M., Zawadzka A.

Acta Innovations

|

2017

|

no. 23

43--50

EN

The development of industry and municipal infrastructure is a cause of increased emissions of malodorous substances into the atmosphere. These substances have a negative impact on human health and the environment. To protect the natural environment and human health, innovative methods of reducing emissions to the atmosphere are sought. These methods should be part of sustainable development principles. The work was carried out to assess the effectiveness of biofiltration in the reduction of odorous gas concentrations based on the measurements of biofilter efficiency in a sewage treatment plant. A mathematical simulation of the pollutant emission range in the environment was made to verify its change resulting from the use of a biofilter.

8

Strefy perspektywiczne występowania niekonwencjonalnych złóż węglowodorów w kambryjskich, ordowickich, sylurskich i karbońskich kompleksach skalnych Polski : integracja wyników badań

Podhalańska T., Waksmundzka M. I., Becker A., Roszkowska-Remin J., Dyrka I., Feldman-Olszewska A., Głuszyński A., Grotek I., Janas M., Karcz P., Nowak G., Pacześna J., Roman M., Sikorska-Jaworowska M., Kuberska M., Kozłowska A., Sobień K.

Przegląd Geologiczny

|

2016

|

Vol. 64, nr 12

1008--1021

EN

The paper presents the characteristics of prospective zones identified for the first time within the lower Palaeozoic shale formations occurring in the Baltic-Podlasie-Lublin Basin and within the Carboniferous shale, sandstone, and mixed shale-sandstone complexes (the so-called hybrid complexes) in the basin of south-western Poland. The lateral and vertical ranges of these zones are determined based on specific criteria using the results of various research methods and analyses, i.e.: stratigraphic, sedimentological, mineralogical, petrological and geochemical of organic matter, petrographic and petrophysical, including interpretation of well logs. Archived geological materials and those coming from the boreholes drilled recently in the concession areas were also used. Four prospective zones have been distinguished in the lower Palaeozoic of the so-called shale belt: SP1, SP2, SP3 and SP4. The most prospective area for the occurrence of unconventional hydrocarbon deposits in shale formations is the Baltic region – the Łeba Elevation, where there are all four perspective zones, only partially covering the range of potentially prospective formations. In each of these zones, both liquid and gas hydrocarbons can be expected in this area. Due to the low percentage of organic matter, the lowest hydrocarbon generation potential is attributed to the Lublin region. However, the low values of this parameter are compensated by other parameters, i.e. the considerable thickness and lateral extent of zone SP4 corresponding partly to the Pelplin Formation. In the Carboniferous rocks of south-western Poland, seven prospective zones have been distinguished in four borehole sections. Four of them are “tight” zones in compact sandstones, while the other three zones represent a hybrid type in complexes with mixed lithology. No prospective zones have been defined in complexes with homogeneous shale lithologies. Determination of lateral extents of the identified zones has not been possible due to the scarcity of data on the geological structure and stratigraphy of the Carboniferous succession in the study area

9

Materia organiczna łupków kambru, ordowiku i syluru w basenie bałtycko-podlasko-lubelskim Polski

Karcz P., Janas M.

Przegląd Geologiczny

|

2016

|

Vol. 64, nr 12

995--999

EN

The upper Cambrian-Silurian Piaœnica, Sasino, Udal and Pelplin formations and the Jantar Member include the most organic-rich lower Paleozoic sedimentary rocks in the Baltic-Podlasie-Lublin Basin in Poland. These rocks vary significantly in terms of vertical and lateral organic matter distribution. Generally, the siltstones, mudstones, claystones and shales are characterized by TOC values from 0.1 to as much as 17.4 wt. %. Typically, the maximum TOCvaluesreachabout9wt.%.Rock-Eval,organicmatterpetrologyandbiomarkersdataclearly indicate dominance of type II kerogen. Thermal maturity of organic matter of these rocks is variable and depends mainly on the burial history and depth. In the western slope of the East-European Craton the petroleum prospective formations are located throughout the whole spectrum of thermal maturity zones, from the immature zone (eastern margin of the formations occurrence), through the oil, condensate and gas windows, to the overmature zone dominated by exhausted source rocks in the western margins of the study area.

10

Risk evaluation of driver exposure to exhaust fumes inside the passenger car cabin in urban traffic conditions

Skrętowicz M., Jankowski A., Haller P., Woźniak J., Janas M.

Journal of KONES

|

2016

|

Vol. 23, No. 3

457--464

EN

Nowadays, with the current dynamic development of the automotive industry, we spend more and more time indoors, including in vehicles. The air used for ventilation of the vehicle's cabin comes from the outside. Pollution enters into the vehicle. This research presents the results of tests conducted to assess the exposure of the driver and passengers to volatile organic compounds entering the vehicle with atmospheric air. The simulation researches were conducted on a chassis dynamometer at the Department of Vehicle Engineering at the Faculty of Mechanical Engineering Technical University of Wroclaw and the tests under real conditions, i.e. traffic urban conditions, were taken as well. The measurements were conducted in the centre of Wroclaw during peak hours, when the traffic jam is the most frequent. The measurements were taken in order to organic compounds analysis, which includes gas chromatography. The analysis results were averaged from three measurements to get these studies more reliable. Results show that during mobile tests the vehicle was exposed to much more pollution than in the stationary tests in the simulated conditions of traffic congestion. Therefore, the studies present that the pollution in the traffic congestion is the real danger to drivers.

11

Polskie złoża gazu ziemnego z łupków na tle wybranych niekonwencjonalnych złóż Europy Środkowo-Wschodniej

Karcz P., Janas M., Dyrka I.

Przegląd Geologiczny

|

2013

|

Vol. 61, nr 7

411--423

EN

This paper describes a regional overview of selected Central and Eastern European sedimentary basins which hold the unconventional potential for shale gas and shale oil exploration that have attracted interest in the last few years. Organic-rich fine-grained rocks like black and dark-grey shales, mudstones and claystones with varying ages from Cambrian to Miocene are distributed very irregularly across Europe. A long- -lasting, dynamic geological evolution and continuous reconstruction of the European continent resulted in the formation of many sedimentary basins. In some basins, biogeochemical conditions favoured preservation of accumulated organic-rich deposits and led to the generation of hydrocarbons after burial and reaching appropriate maturity levels. Even though shale gas and shale oil exploration in Europe is still in its infancy, shale formations were analyzed before as the source rocks in conventional petroleum systems. Parameters that were used to describe source rocks e.g.: total organic carbon, maturity, thickness, depth of occurrence and areal extent, can indicate preliminary potential for shale gas exploration and allow estimating first resource values. Currently the most intense shale gas exploration takes place in Poland where over 42 wells have been drilled and over 100 concessions for unconventional hydrocarbon exploration have been granted. Upper Ordovician and Lower Silurian shales at the East European Craton (Baltic and Lublin-Podlasie Basins) are the major targets for unconventional exploration in Poland. In Central and Eastern Europe, evaluation of the unconventional potential of gas-bearing shale formations is carried out also in Ukraine, Lithuania, Austria, Czech Republic, Hungary, Romania, Bulgaria, Moldavia and the European sector of Turkey. Despite the fact that each shale rock differs from another by geochemical, petrographical, petrophysical, mechanical and other parameters, some similarities can be seen such as marine type of depositional environment with the predominance of type II kerogen or specific organic matter content. Recoverable resources of shale gas throughout Europe are believed to be as large as 17.6 bln m3 and Poland, Ukraine, France with United Kingdom are thought to have the greatest resources.

12

Polish shale gas deposits in relation to selected shale gas prospective areas of Central and Eastern Europe

Karcz P., Janas M., Dyrka I.

Przegląd Geologiczny

|

2013

|

Vol. 61, nr 11-1

608--620

EN

This paper describes a regional overview of selected Central and Eastern European sedimentary basins which hold the unconventional potential for shale gas and shale oil exploration that have attracted interest in the last few years. Organic-rich fine-grained rocks like black and dark-grey shales, mudstones and claystones with varying ages from Cambrian to Miocene are distributed very irregularly across Europe. A long- -lasting, dynamic geological evolution and continuous reconstruction of the European continent resulted in the formation of many sedimentary basins. In some basins, biogeochemical conditions favoured preservation of accumulated organic-rich deposits and led to the generation of hydrocarbons after burial and reaching appropriate maturity levels. Even though shale gas and shale oil exploration in Europe is still in its infancy, shale formations were analyzed before as the source rocks in conventional petroleum systems. Parameters that were used to describe source rocks e.g.: total organic carbon, maturity, thickness, depth of occurrence and areal extent, can indicate preliminary potential for shale gas exploration and allow estimating first resource values. Currently the most intense shale gas exploration takes place in Poland where over 42 wells have been drilled and over 100 concessions for unconventional hydrocarbon exploration have been granted. Upper Ordovician and lower Silurian shales at the East European Craton (Baltic, Lublin and Podlasie basins) are the major targets for unconventional exploration in Poland. In Central and Eastern Europe, evaluation of the unconventional potential of gas-bearing shale formations is carried out also in Ukraine, Lithuania, Austria, Czech Republic, Hungary, Romania, Bulgaria, Moldova and the European sector of Turkey. Despite the fact that each shale rock differs from another by geochemical, petrographical, petrophysical, mechanical and other parameters, some similarities can be seen such as marine type of depositional environment with the predominance of type II kerogen or specific organic matter content. Recoverable resources of shale gas throughout Europe are believed to be as large as 17.67 trillion m3 (624 Tcf) and Poland, Ukraine, France with United Kingdom are thought to have the greatest resources.

13

Arching action in slackened structures

Janas M., Sokół-Supel J., Postek E.

Foundations of Civil and Environmental Engineering

|

2002

|

No. 1

97-109

EN

Elastic-plastic composite slabs with no-tension matrix are considered, with unilateral in-plane restraints at supports. In such conditions important compressive membrane forces (arching action) are generated by transversal loads. Because of unstable character of such flexural response it is very sensitive to slackening due to clearances at supports. An approximate method based on the post-yield approach (PYA) was adopted and permits to determine easily the ultimate supportable load for slackened structures. The method was calibrated and verified by the FEM incremental analysis.

PL

Rozpatrywane są pasma płytowe (kompozyty o matrycy z pomijalną wytrzymałością na rozciąganie) przy jednostronnych więzach w płaszczyźnie płyty. W takich warunkach poprzeczne obciążenia powodują powstanie znacznych ściskających sił osiowych (efekt rozporu). Ze względu na silnie niestateczny charakter procesu jest on bardzo czuły na występowanie na podporach ewentualnych luzów (nieuniknionych przy jednostronnych więzach). Przybliżona metoda oparta na podejściu pozagranicznym (ekstrapolacja metod nośności granicznej na zagadnienia nieliniowe) została zastosowana do pasm z luzami. Pozwala ona na łatwe określanie maksymalnego udźwigu. Kalibrację danych wyjściowych i weryfikację wyników metody wykonano za pomocą analizy przyrostowej MES.

14

Restrained flexure of brittle-matrix composite structures

Janas M., Sokół-Supel J.

Engineering Transactions

|

1999

|

Vol. 47, iss. 2

117-134

EN

Restrained flexure analysis concerns transversal bending of flat structures with in-plane displacements at supports prohibited or restriced. If the material characteristics are different in tension and in compression, these restraints generate important membrane forces (the arching action effect). It strengtens considerably the structure, but renders its response strongly nonlinear and unstable. In a recent introductory study the authors concluded that their old approximate analytical approach to restrained flexure of elastic-plastic beams and slabs gives qualitatively good results and may be useful to replace cumbersome numerical procedures. Here, a parametric study using an incremental FEM analysis is performed enabling the determination of input data needed for on elementary but reliable approximate approach. Different load and support configurations for beam systems are considered and the structure sensitivity to support compliance is studied. Numerical and approximate analytical results are compared with results of a series of collapse tests on elastically restrained RC beams.