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1 2025

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Evaluation of the mechanical performance of iron- polymethyl methacrylate and polystyrene polymer products based on alumina nanomaterials

Mohamed Muzher Taha, Nawi Sami A., Algailani Hiba M., Alrubaiy Ahmed A.A.G., Mahmoud Adel K., Farman Salem, Mustafa Ali Mundher, Alamiery A.A.

Advances in Science and Technology. Research Journal

2025

Vol. 19, no. 3

202--210

In this investigation, alumina (Al₂O₃) nanoparticles were utilized to study the mechanical properties of two polymer nanocomposite systems applied to low-carbon steel substrates. The nanocomposites comprised polystyrene (PS) and polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) matrices, each incorporating 5 wt.% Al₂O₃ nanoparticles. Tensile tests revealed that the nanocomposites exhibited superior mechanical performance compared to pure polymers. For PMMA-Al₂O₃, tensile properties such as elastic modulus (E), ultimate tensile strength (σₐᵤₗₜ), and strain (eᵤₗₜ) were 2.6326 GPa, 44.52 MPa, and 0.02560, respectively, showing improvements of 16.5% in σₐᵤₗₜ and 33.7% in eᵤₗₜ. Similarly, PS-Al₂O₃ showed σₐᵤₗₜ and eᵤₗₜ improvements of 19.1% and 61.5%, respectively, compared to pure PS. The Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed flocculation and uneven nanoparticle dispersion. At low magnification (1.56 µm), PS-Al₂O₃ particles were well-separated, while higher magnification (11.6 µm) showed aggregation. The average nanoparticle diameters for PMMA-Al₂O₃ and PS-Al₂O₃ were 201.1 nm and 184.6 nm, respectively. Flocculation and low-density interphase, attributed to fewer polymer chain anchoring sites on Al₂O₃ surfaces, reduced the elastic modulus. These findings emphasize the need for advanced blending techniques to achieve uniform nanoparticle distribution and improve polymer-nanoparticle interfacial bonding. Optimized dispersion methods are crucial for enhancing the mechanical properties of Al₂O₃-reinforced nanocomposites.