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Diagnosis of inter-turn short circuit fault in IPMSMs based on the combined use of greedy tracking and random forest

Wang Jianping, Ma Jian, Meng Dean, Zhao Xuan, Zhang Kai, Liu Qiquan, Xu Kejie

Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences. Technical Sciences

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2024

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Vol. 72, nr 2

art. no. e148943

EN

Inter-turn short circuit (ITSC) is a frequent fault of interior permanent magnet synchronous motors (IPMSM). If ITSC faults are not promptly monitored, it may result in secondary faults or even cause extensive damage to the entire motor. To enhance the reliability of IPMSMs, this paper introduces a fault diagnosis method specifically designed for identifying ITSC faults in IPMSMs. The sparse coefficients of phase current and torque are solved by clustering shrinkage stage orthogonal matching tracking (CcStOMP) in the greedy tracking algorithm.The CcStOMP algorithm can extract multiple target atoms at one time, which greatly improves the iterative efficiency. The multiple features are utilized as input parameters for constructing the random forest classifier. The constructed random forest model is used to diagnose ITSC faults with the results showing that the random forest model has a diagnostic accuracy of 98.61% using all features, and the diagnostic accuracy of selecting three of the most important features is still as high as 97.91%. The random forest classification model has excellent robustness that maintains high classification accuracy despite the reduction of feature vectors, which is a great advantage compared to other classification algorithms. The combination of greedy tracing and the random forest is not only a fast diagnostic model but also a model with good generalisation and anti-interference capability. This non-invasive method is applicable to monitoring and detecting failures in industrial PMSMs.

2

Diagnosis of ITSC fault in the electrical vehicle powertrain system through signal processing analysis

Ouamara Dehbia, Boukhnifer Moussa, Chaibet Ahmed, Maidi Ahmed

Diagnostyka

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2023

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Vol. 24, No. 1

art. no. 2023113

EN

The three-phase induction motor is well suited for a wide range of mobile drives, specifically for electric vehicle powertrain. During the entire life cycle of the electric motor, some types of failures can occur, with stator winding failure being the most common. The impact of this failure must be considered from the incipient as it can affect the performance of the motor, especially for electrically powered vehicle application. In this paper, the intern turn short circuit of the stator winding was studied using Fast Fourier transform (FFT) and Shor-Time Fourier transform (STFT) approaches. The residuals current between the estimated currents provided by the extended Kalman filter (EKF) and the actual ones are used for fault diagnosis and identification. Through FFT, the residual spectrum is sensitive to faults and gives the extraction of inter-turn short circuit (ITSC) related frequencies in the phase winding. In addition, the FFT is used to obtain information about when and where the ITSC appears in the phase winding. Indeed, the results allow to know the faulty phase, to estimate the fault rate and the fault occurrence frequency as well as their appearance time.

3

Structural diagram of the built-in diagnostic system for electric drives of vehicles

Gubarevych Oleg, Goolak Sergey, Melkonova Inna, Yurchenko Mariia

Diagnostyka

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2022

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Vol. 23, No. 4

art. no. 2022406

EN

Currently, in transport systems, as part of the main and auxiliary equipment, a large number of induction motors with a squirrel-cage rotor of different capacities are used. Their wide application in the transport industry is associated with the main advantages over other types of machines – a fairly high reliability, low cost and ease of maintenance. However, during the operation of these motors, a number of malfunctions can occur that affect the deterioration of the performance of the entire drive, the accuracy of its functions, or accelerate an emergency stop. To ensure proper control of the technical condition of electric motors, modern diagnostic systems are required that operate in real-time and operational loading mode with the transmission of data on the instantaneous state of the main control elements. The paper proposes a block diagram of the diagnostic built-in system and developed a modular unit for it to set the type and degree of the most complex damage - inter-turn short circuit in the stator winding.

4

Least square support vectors machines approach to diagnosis of stator winding short circuit fault in induction motor

Birame M’hamed, Taibi Djamel, Bessedik Sid Ahmed, Benkhoris Mohamed Fouad

Diagnostyka

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2020

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Vol. 21, No. 4

35--41

EN

Various approaches have been proposed to monitor the state of machines by intelligent techniques such as the neural network, fuzzy logic, neuro-fuzzy, pattern recognition. However, the use of LS-SVM. This article presents an automatic computerized system for the diagnosis and the monitoring of faults between turns of the stator in IM applying the LS-SVM least square support vector machine. in this study for the detection of short circuit faults in the stator winding of the induction motor. Since it requires a mathematical model suitable for modelling defects, a defective IM model is presented. The proposed method uses the stator current as input and at the output decides the state of the motor, indicating the severity of the short-circuit fault.

5

Odwirownia wirników generatorów synchronicznych jako stanowisko wyważania oraz pomiarów elektrycznych i mechanicznych wirników generatorów, potwierdzających poprawność modernizacji lub remontu danego obiektu

Rydlik P.

Przegląd Elektrotechniczny

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2017

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R. 93, nr 11

64--67

PL

W artykule przedstawiony został proces wyważania wirnika generatora synchronicznego oraz pomiary elektryczne i mechaniczne jakim poddany jest każdy remontowany wirnik po zamontowaniu na odwirowni. Zaprezentowano również przykładowy plan badań i prób jakim podlega remontowany wirnik oraz podstawowe dane techniczne wyważarki i zespołu urządzeń z nią związanych. Pokazane zostały również charakterystyki z procesu wyważania, nagrzewania oraz sezonowania wirnika na obrotach znamionowych.

EN

Following article presented high speed balancing process on the synchronous generator rotor and all electrical and mechanical test. Article presented selected and performed plan of tests and checklists during renovation of the rotor It shows basic technical data about balancing machine and another tools needed for balancing. There were presented charts from balancing and heating process of the rotor at the nominal speed.

6

Modelowanie zwarć międzyzwojowych w uzwojeniu stojana silnika indukcyjnego klatkowego

Radecki A.

Przegląd Elektrotechniczny

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2016

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R. 92, nr 6

42--46

PL

W artykule przedstawiono model matematyczny silnika indukcyjnego klatkowego uwzględniający zwarcia międzyzwojowe faz stojana. W proponowanym modelu matematycznym silnika stopień zwarcia międzyzwojowego ustalany jest z wykorzystaniem współczynników zwarć oraz współczynników ich kątowego przesunięcia, co umożliwia prostą kontrolę nad określeniem rozległości oraz kątowej lokalizacji zwarcia na potrzeby symulacji układów sterowania napędami z silnikami indukcyjnymi. Przedstawiony model matematyczny nie wymaga dodatkowych danych o silniku ponad te, które są typowe dla powszechnie stosowanego opisu matematycznego sprawnego silnika indukcyjnego klatkowego. W artykule zostały zawarte wyniki porównawcze uzyskane na drodze symulacji komputerowych oraz zarejestrowane na stanowisku laboratoryjnym z silnikiem indukcyjnym klatkowym o mocy 2.2kW.

EN

In this paper, a mathematical model of squirrel-cage induction motor with inter-turn short-circuits in stator phases is presented. In the proposed mathematical model an extent and angular localization of short-circuit fault is determined using a simply form of short-circuit coefficients and their angular offset coefficients. Presented mathematical model does not require any additional motor parameters than those that are required for conventional model of healthy induction motor. In the article, the comparative results obtained through computer simulations and acquired on a laboratory test-stand with 2.2kW squirrel-cage induction motor are contained.

7

Fault diagnosis of actual large-power high-voltage windings using transfer function method

Rahimpour E., Tenbohlen S.

Archives of Electrical Engineering

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2011

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Vol. 60, nr 3

269-281

EN

The transfer function (TF) method is presently a well-known method used to detect various types of winding damage in power transformers. Although abundant research has been done on this subject using laboratory windings as test objects, it is hard to find one, whose test objects are actual large-power transformer windings. Hence, a 400 kV disc winding consisting of 86 discs is used in this paper to study turn-to-turn short circuit with the help of the TF method. To evaluate the effects of this type of fault on TF curves, some mathematical comparison algorithms are used in this research.