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2 2019

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Collaborative planning for sustainable urban infrastructure in Frankfurt am Main

Peterek Michael, Restrepo Rico Susana, Hebbo Yaman, Reichhardt Ulrike

Technical Transactions

2019

Vol. 116, iss. 8

31--50

Infrastructure planning in most cities is a process of sectoral implementation which produces independent sectoral solutions to urbanisation issues. With the advent of sustainable practices, along with the challenges posed by climate change, cities are discovering important synergies among urban infrastructure sectors which are being used to reduce the urban footprint. In the need for sustainable infrastructure, the city of Frankfurt am Main, although operating in a sectoral manner, has learned from past experiences and has progressively developed a collaborative approach to infrastructure planning. This collaborative approach increases the possibilities for trans-sectoral projects and reduces the consumption of natural resources. This paper showcases interesting sectoral and trans-sectoral projects in the infrastructure sectors of energy, water, wastewater, solid waste and urban agriculture. The showcased projects have been selected from a study of 36 operational, programmatic and educational initiatives implemented by the city.

Planowanie infrastruktury w miastach jest procesem wdrażania sektorowego, który przynosi rozwiązania problemów urbanizacyjnych. Wraz z pojawieniem się zrównoważonych praktyk obok wyzwań związanych ze zmianami klimatu miasta zaczęły odkrywać ważną synergię między sektorami infrastruktury miejskiej. Korzystając z wielu lat doświadczeń, architekci i urbaniści z Frankfurtu nad Menem stopniowo rozwijają swoją współpracę w planowaniu infrastruktury. Podejście oparte na współdziałaniu zwiększa możliwości projektów międzysektorowych i zmniejsza zużycie zasobów naturalnych. Niniejszy artykuł przedstawia interesujące koncepcje sektorowe i międzysektorowe w zakresie infrastruktury sektorów energii, wody, ścieków, odpadów stałych i rolnictwa miejskiego. Prezentowane propozycje zostały wybrane z 36 inicjatyw operacyjnych, programowych i edukacyjnych realizowanych przez miasto.

Response Surface Analysis of the Compressive Strength of Self-Compacting Concrete Incorporating Metakaolin

Busari Ayobami, Dahunsi Bamidel, Akinmusuru Joseph, Loto Tolulope, Ajayi Samuel

Advances in Science and Technology. Research Journal

2019

Vol. 13, no 2

7--13

This research developed a mathematical model and optimization of materials for the development of metakaolin self-compacting concrete. This is in a bid to reduce the overall material quantity and cost towards sustainable infrastructural construction. To achieve the aim of this research, Response Surface Analysis (RSM) was used. Kaolinitic clay was De-hydroxylated at 750°C to form metakaolin. This was used as a partial replacement for cement at 0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20% and 25% weight of Portland limestone cement. Both strength and rheology properties of the developed metakaolin self-compacting concrete were assessed. To this end, slump flow, L-Box test and V-funnel test were carried out alongside the compressive strength using relevant standard. The result of the research revealed that at 15% addition of metakaolin the slump flow, passing ability and filling ability was unsatisfactory according to EFNARC standard. From the numerical optimization of the compressive strength, the maximum predicted compressive strength of 44.35 N/mm2 was obtained. At a low value of metakaolin addition (5–15%), the compressive strength increased as the age of the concrete increased from 3–150 days. The age with the optimum mechanical strength formation was 110 days with metakaolin addition of 52.73 kg. The result of this research provide a database for Engineers, Researchers and Construction workers on the optimum metakaolin required to achieve satisfactory mechanical strength in metakaolin self-compacting concrete.