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Removal of Zinc Ions from Aqueous Solutions with the Use of Lignin and Biomass. Part II

Miros-Kudra P., Sobczak P., Gzyra-Jagieła K., Ciepliński M.

Fibres & Textiles in Eastern Europe

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2023

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Vol. 31, no. 2

11--25

EN

In response to the trend toward sustainable management of by-products from the pulp and paper industry as well as plant waste, practical and economical methods are being developed to use them in a way that does not pose a threat to the environment. The main aim of the research was to study the possibility of using lignin and plant biomass as biosorbents for the removal of zinc ions from aqueous solutions. The secondary aim was to build an optimal multilayer system made of biosorbents selected during the research in order to obtain the highest sorption efficiency and to determine the best conditions of the sorption process. The effectiveness of zinc ion sorption was assessed using an appropriate combination of sorbents such as lignin, oat bran, rice husk, chitosan, pectin, sodium alginate, pine bark, coconut fiber and activated carbon, selected on the basis of literature data and the preliminary results of tests carried out using FTIR and AAS. The main component of the sorption system was lignin separated from black liquor. Results indicate that the best Zn sorption system was based on coconut fiber, lignin, and pine bark, for which the maximum sorption efficiency was 95%. The research also showed that the increase in the process temperature, the mass of biosorbents used and the alkaline pH are the factors that increase the efficiency of the sorption. It can be concluded that lignin and plant biomass can be used as ecological sorbents of zinc ions from water solutions. They are safe for the environment, produced from renewable sources, and are by-products or waste materials, which is part of the sustainable development and circular economy currently promoted in the EU.

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Homeostaza jonów Zn(II) w chorobach infekcyjnych

Błaszczok Aneta, Gumienna-Kontecka Elżbieta

Wiadomości Chemiczne

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2021

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[Z] 75, 3-4

271--291

EN

Zinc is an essential element for all living organisms, as it performs important functions in many biological processes; its presence was identified in over 300 enzymes. Due to the important functions it performs, living organisms have created mechanisms to maintain zinc ion homeostasis. In mammals, these mechanisms are also used to combat pathogens. Specialized immune cells are able to manipulate, in response to immune signals, intracellular and extracellular concentrations of zinc ions through metal-specific transporters and transfer proteins. These actions cause that the resulting environment becomes unfavourable for pathogens. The ability to rapidly regulate free zinc levels is critical to cytokine responses and the proliferation, and activation of cells belonging to the adaptive immune system.

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Badania stopnia skompleksowania jonów cynku przez wybrane czynniki chelatujące

Klem-Marciniak Ewelina, Huculak-Mączka Marta, Hoffmann Józef, Hoffmann Krystyna

Przemysł Chemiczny

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2020

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T. 99, nr 8

1218--1221

PL

Określono stopnie skompleksowania jonów cynku przez kwas etylenodiamino-N,N’-di[(2-hydroksyfenylo)octowy] EDDHA i kwas etylenodiamino-N,N’-di[(2-hydroksy-5-sulfofenylo) octowy] EDDHSA w środowisku wodnym oraz symulowanych środowiskach nawozowych metodą woltamperometrii pulsowej różnicowej. W celu porównania właściwości kompleksujących badanych chelatorów wykonano analogiczne badania dla EDTA, HBED·HCl oraz IDHA. Stopień skompleksowania jonów tego mikroelementu przez chelatory EDDHA i EDDHSA we wszystkich analizowanych warunkach wynosił powyżej 80%, co umożliwia ich praktyczne wykorzystanie.

EN

Complexation of Zn(II) ions by ethylenediamine-N, N’-di[(2-hydroxyphenyl) acetic acid] and ethylenediamine-N,N’-di[(2-hydroxy-5-sulfophenyl) acetic acid] in water and in simulated fertilizer environments at various pH were detd. by using differential pulse voltammetry. The degree of complexation of Zn ions by the chelators was above 80% in all the analyzed conditions, which allows their practical application.

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Extraction properties of tetraheptylresorcin[4]arenes in relation to Cr(III) ions

Konczyk J., Miroshnychenko S., Kozlowski C.

Physicochemical Problems of Mineral Processing

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2016

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Vol. 52, iss. 2

835--844

EN

Resorcin[4]arene-based ligand bearing four heptyl chains at the lower rim of the molecule was prepared and modified by four tetradietoxyphosphoryl groups in the upper rim. The compounds obtained were characterized by NMR spectroscopy and their extractability toward chromium(III) ions was studied. The influence of process parameters such as the pH of aqueous phase, agitation time and also extractant’s structure and concentration on efficiency of Cr(III) ions solvent extraction is presented. The highest yield of Cr(III) solvent extraction was obtained for two-hour agitation time of 5.010−4 M metal solution of pH 5.0 and 5.010−3 M chloroform solution of the tetradietoxyphosphorylated derivative of heptyl-resorcin[4]arene. Under optimal conditions, competitive solvent extraction of Cr(III), Zn(II), and Cd(II) ions was performed and separation factor values were established as 77.0 and 24.9 for Cr(III)/Cd(II) and Cr(III)/Zn(II) ions pairs, respectively. The stoichiometry of formed metal-ligand complexes 1:1 was found by classical slope analysis method.

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Jakość struwitu wydzielanego w obecności jonów cynku

Hutnik N., Kozik A., Wierzbowska B., Matynia A.

Przemysł Chemiczny

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2015

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T. 94, nr 9

1609-1614

PL

Przedstawiono wyniki badań ciągłego usuwania jonów fosforanowych(V) za pomocą jonów magnezu i amonu z roztworów zawierających 1,0 lub 0,20% mas. jonów fosforanowych(V) i 0,2 lub 2 mg jonów cynku w 1 kg roztworu. Proces wytrącania i krystalizacji struwitu Mg2+ and NH4+ wykonano w warunkach stechiometrycznych i przy 20-proc. Nadmiarze jonów magnezu. Badania wykonano w krystalizatorze typu DT MSMPR z wewnętrzną cyrkulacją zawiesiny w temp. 298 K przy pH 9 i średnim czasie przebywania zawiesiny w krystalizatorze τ 900 s. Stwierdzono, że obecność Zn2+ w ilości 2 mg/kg w roztworze zasilającym krystalizator wpłynęła niekorzystnie na jakość wytwarzanego produktu. Średni rozmiar kryształów struwitu zmniejszył się o ok. 25%. Mniejsze stężenie jonów fosforanowych(V) i nadmiar jonów magnezu spowodowały, że z krystalizatora odprowadzano produkty o ok. 50% większym średnim rozmiarze kryształów (Lm 23,1 → 35,5 μm). W produktach stwierdzono obecność kryształów struwitu i wodorotlenku cynku (zawartość cynku 0,04-332 mg/kg). Obecność jonów cynku sprzyjała krystalizacji struwitu w postaci kryształów rurowych.

EN

Phosphate(V) ions were continuously removed from aq. solns. (1.0 or 0.20% by mass) at Zn2+ content 0.2 or 2 mg/kg, by their treatment with Mg2+ and NH4+ ions in a reaction crystn. of struvite MgNH4PO4∙6H2O either under stoichiometric conditions or at 20% excess of Mg2+ ions. Internal circulation of suspension was carried out at 298 K and pH 9 for mean residence time 900 s. The presence of Zn2+ ions (2 mg/kg) in a process system disadvantageously influenced the product quality (mean size of struvite crystals decreased by ca. 25%). In contrary, the lower inlet concn. of phosphate(V) and higher concn. of Mg2+ ions resulted in an increase in crystal mean size by ca. 50%. Presence of struvite crystals and solid Zn(OH)2 (Zn content 0.04-332 mg/kg) in products was detected anal. Presence of Zn ions favored crystn. of struvite in a form of tubular crystals.

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Badanie przyswajalności jonów cynku i innych mikroelementów z biologicznych komponentów w badaniach in vitro

Tuhy Ł., Samoraj M., Chojnacka K.

Przemysł Chemiczny

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2014

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T. 93, nr 7

1157-1160

PL

Przeprowadzono badania przyswajalności jonów Zn²⁺ z biologicznych komponentów nawozowych zawierających cynk w roztworze azotanu(V) potasu w warunkach in vitro. Wyznaczono frakcję mobilną jonów Zn²⁺ oraz udowodniono stopniowe uwalnianie jonów Zn²⁺. Pokazano również, że biologiczne komponenty nawozowe z mikroelementami stanowią źródło dodatkowych mikro- i makroskładników w formie dostępnej dla roślin. Na podstawie składu pierwiastkowego otrzymanych ekstraktów wyznaczono macierz korelacji, a otrzymane wyniki porównano z badaniami in vivo oraz doniesieniami literaturowymi. Pokazano, że wyniki badań in vitro są zbliżone do badań in vivo i mogą być traktowane jako screening właściwości użytkowych nawozów oraz komponentów nawozowych.

EN

Zn ions were adsorbed from aq. solns. on peat, compost, pine bark, spent mushroom substrate, Fucus sp., baltic seaweeds and a residue from their supercrit. CO₂ extn. In the next step the adsorbents were extd. with distd. water, NH₄ citrate and KNO₃ solns. to recover soluble, bioavailable and mobile fractions of Zn ions and other nutrients. The bioavailable fraction constituted 73.5–93.9%, water-sol. fraction 2.92–19.9% while the mobile fraction 33.6–57.2% of adsorbed Zn ions depending on the biomass type.

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Adsorption of Copper(II) and Zinc(II) ions by various agricultural by-products. Experimental studies and modelling

Turan N. G., Mesci B.

Environment Protection Engineering

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2011

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Vol. 37, nr 4

143-161

EN

Effective removal of heavy metals from aqueous solutions belongs to the most important issues for many industrialized countries. Removal of copper(II) and zinc(II) ions from leaching solution of industrial waste were studied using hazelnut, almond and walnut shells. Batch adsorption experiments were performed in function of pH, contact time and adsorbent dosage. Adsorption kinetics was investigated using the pseudo-first and pseudo-second order, Elovich equations and intraparticle diffusion models. The results indicate that the second order model best describes adsorption kinetic data and the agricultural by products investigated may be used for removal of copper(II) and zinc(II) ions from leaching solution of industrial waste.