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Działania wspierające zatrudnienie osób z chorobami przewlekłymi

Bugajska Joanna, Łastowiecka-Moras Elżbieta

Bezpieczeństwo Pracy : nauka i praktyka

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2021

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nr 10

12-16

PL

Choroby przewlekłe w postępujący sposób ograniczają funkcjonowanie człowieka w życiu codziennym, w tym zawodowym. Wywierają duży wpływ na zdolność do wykonywania pracy i tym samym do zarobkowania. Etiologia chorób przewlekłych jest wieloczynnikowa. Istotną rolę w ich powstawaniu pełnią czynniki zawodowe i styl życia. Oddziaływanie na te czynniki stanowi jedno z ważniejszych zadań wspierających zatrudnianie osób z chorobami przewlekłymi. W artykule omówiono główne działania w zakresie promocji zdrowego stylu życia i dostosowania warunków pracy do potrzeb osób z chorobą zwyrodnieniową stawów, z wybranymi chorobami układu sercowo-naczyniowego (chorobą wieńcową i nadciśnieniem tętniczym) oraz z cukrzycą.

EN

Chronic diseases are progressively limiting the functioning of persons suffering from them in everyday life, including work activity. They have a great impact on the ability to perform work, and thus the earnings. The etiology of chronic diseases is multifactorial. Occupational factors and lifestyle play an important role in their formation. Influencing these factors is one of the most important measures supporting the employment of people suffering from chronic diseases. The article discusses the main activities in promoting a healthy lifestyle and adjusting working conditions to the needs of people with osteoarthritis, selected diseases of the cardiovascular system (coronary artery disease and hypertension), and diabetes.

2

Threats in the workplace as a determinant of shaping the employee’s ability to work

Pytel-Kopczyńska Marzena, Strzelecka Agnieszka, Daňková Alena

System Safety : Human - Technical Facility - Environment

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2019

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Vol. 1, nr 1

875--885

EN

The results of a literature review show that there is an undeniable link between the working conditions connected with the existence of threats in a form of harmful, dangerous (mechanical) or strenuous factors and the employees’ health condition determining the level of their ability to continue their work. It is necessary to shape the employee’s working environment in an appropriate way by eliminating or minimising the threats related to the work process (in accordance with the binding norms) in order to prevent the existence of any health problems or such undesirable events as accidents at work. Thus, the issue concerning the influence of elimination or limitation of threats connected with the existence of harmful, dangerous (mechanical) and strenuous factors in the work process on the level of employment in the hazardous conditions considering the prevention of early leave from the performed work is becoming an important and current research problem. Therefore, in this article, the attempt was made to present the dependencies between the level of considered employment and the factors affecting the level of acceptable occupational risk. The econometric modelling, which uses cross-section-time data, was applied. Moreover, the analysis showing the changes in shaping considered variables was performed. The presented information refers to Polish regions and was taken from the publications of CSO (Statistics Poland) covering the period 2011 - 2017.

3

Objectification of subjective estimation of abnormal cases danger in air traffic control

Arinicheva O., Dalinger Y., Malishevskii A., Sukhikh N., Khoroshavtsev Y.

Transport Problems

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2018

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T. 13, z. 1

5--18

EN

In the article, the problems of objectification of the subjective danger estimation for abnormal cases in air traffic control are considered. An overview of currently existing approaches is given. In addition, the article presents the analysis of the statistical results of testing 252 air traffic controllers. This study reveals a subjective danger estimation inadequacy and its connection to air traffic controller’s potential extreme working capacity. A new approach to objectification of the subjunctive danger estimation for abnormal cases in air traffic control is proposed. The method combines the conditional probability collision computation and the method of expert estimations.

4

Ocena zdolności do pracy pracowników starszych wg WAI - wyniki wybranych polskich badań

Malińska M.

Bezpieczeństwo Pracy : nauka i praktyka

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2017

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nr 5

16-20

PL

W artykule przedstawiono analizę polskich badań prowadzonych w zakresie zdolności do pracy pracowników starszych ocenianych według WAI (Work Ability Index). Omówiono definicję starszego pracownika, a także zwrócono uwagę na związek pomiędzy zdolnością do pracy zdrowych i przewlekle chorych pracowników a poszczególnymi czynnikami zawodowymi i pozazawodowymi, takimi jak wiek, rodzaj wykonywanej pracy, zawód, wykształcenie, wydolność fizyczna, gorące środowisko, styl życia, praca zmianowa, stres zawodowy oraz dopasowanie do organizacji.

EN

This article presents an analysis of Polish research on older workers' work ability evaluated with The Work Ability Index (WAI). It presents a definition of older workers and the relationship between work ability among healthy and chronically ill employees, and occupational and non-occupational determinants of work ability, such as age, kind of work, occupation, education, physical capacity, hot environment, lifestyle, shift work, stress and person-organization fit.

5

Lifting strength in two-person teamwork

Lee T. H.

International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics

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2016

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Vol. 22, No. 2

179--185

EN

This study examined the effects of lifting range, hand-to-toe distance, and lifting direction on single-person lifting strengths and two-person teamwork lifting strengths. Six healthy males and seven healthy females participated in this study. Two-person teamwork lifting strengths were examined in both strength-matched and strength-unmatched groups. Our results showed that lifting strength significantly decreased with increasing lifting range or hand-to-toe distance. However, lifting strengths were not affected by lifting direction. Teamwork lifting strength did not conform to the law of additivity for both strength-matched and strength-unmatched groups. In general, teamwork lifting strength was dictated by the weaker of the two members, implying that weaker members might be exposed to a higher potential danger in teamwork exertions. To avoid such overexertion in teamwork, members with significantly different strength ability should not be assigned to the same team.

6

Stereotypy na temat starszych pracowników i ich związek z dobrostanem oraz pracą - przegląd badań

Mockałło Z.

Bezpieczeństwo Pracy : nauka i praktyka

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2015

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nr 4

11-13

PL

W artykule przedstawiono pojęcie stereotypu i mechanizmy jego oddziaływania. Skoncentrowano się na starszych pracownikach, z uwagi na konieczność utrzymywania ich funkcjonowania zawodowego na wysokim poziomie w okresie wydłużenia wieku emerytalnego i starzenia się społeczeństwa. Na podstawie przeglądu literatury przytoczono stereotypy dotyczące pracowników starszych, zarówno pozytywne, jak i negatywne, funkcjonujące w Polsce i na świecie. Opisane zostały ich negatywne skutki: związek z niższą motywacją do pracy, rzadszym podnoszeniem kompetencji przez starszych pracowników oraz mniejszą zdolnością do pracy.

EN

This paper presents the concept of stereotype and the mechanisms of its impact. Specifically, this paper focuses on older workers because of the need to maintain their occupational functioning at a high level in the context of the extended retirement age and an aging population. On the basis of a literature review, this paper discusses positive and negative stereotypes about older workers, and their negative effects, e.g., lower work motivation, less common development of occupational skills and lower work ability.

7

Effect of strained work on operators' reliability in 24-hour shift work

Kalnysh V., Shvets A.

Journal of Ecology and Health

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2011

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R. 15, nr 3

136-141

EN

Psychophysiological peculiarities of the effect of 24-hour shift work on psychophysiological indices of an operator's efficiency are considered. It is found that significant manifestations of the fatigue are developed in servicemen-operators as a result of daily shift-work. The informative psychophysiological characteristics, which can be used as reliable indicators of fatigue level, have been distinguished. A hypothesis has been proposed on the availability of several compensatory mechanisms in maintenance of the work capacity in operators in long-term shift work. An integral index of the reliability of operators' activity has bee developed, allowing to assess the quality of work, using a wide range of intensities of the proposed signals as well as to receive data on the overall possibilities of an operator to process information at the given level of reliability.

PL

Badano psychofizjologiczne cechy wpływu 24-godzinnego zmianowego trybu pracy na psychofizjologiczne wskaźniki wydajności operatorów. Stwierdzono wyraźne oznaki zmęczenia u operatorów, wynikające z codziennej pracy zmianowej. Określono charakterystykę psychofizjologiczną, która może być wykorzystana jako rzetelna metoda określania stopnia zmęczenia. Zaproponowano hipotezę dotyczącą dostępności kilku mechanizmów kompensacyjnych, które można zastosować dla utrzymania pełnej zdolności pracy pracowników zatrudnionych na wielogodzinnych zmianach. Opracowano integralny wskaźnik niezawodności pracy operatorów z wykorzystaniem szerokiego zakresu intensywności proponowanych sygnałów jak również w celu uzyskania danych ogólnych na temat zdolności operatora do przetwarzania informacji na określonym poziomie niezawodności.

8

Work Ability of Workers in Different Age Groups in a Public Health Institution in Brazil

Monteiro M. S., Ilmarinen J., Filho H. R. C.

International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics

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2006

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Vol. 12, No. 4

417--427

EN

Objectives. The aim of this study was to determine the associations between demographics, work, lifestyle, housework, and the work ability of workers. Methods. Employees between the ages of 20 and 69 (N = 651), employed at a Brazilian public institution, responded to a questionnaire on demographics, work, lifestyle characteristics, and work ability. Results. Work ability decreased significantly with age among the women. The younger group had higher scores on the work ability index than the older age groups, except for mental resources. The logistic regression analysis showed that higher age, lower education, and long work history at the institution were significantly associated with reduced work ability. Conclusions. The progressive aging, the low level of education, and the long duration work in the studied institution were related to a reduction in work ability, which increases the risk of work disability or early retirement.

9

Work Ability in Ageing Workers Suffering From Chronic Diseases

Jędryka-Góral A., Bugajska J., Łastowiecka E., Najmiec A., Rell-Bakalarska M., Bownik I., Michalak J. M., Kochmański M.

International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics

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2006

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Vol. 12, No. 1

17--30

EN

The aim of this study was to investigate the work ability in ageing workers suffering from osteoarthritis (OA), coronary heart disease (CHD) or hypertension (H). One hundred and sixty-six OA and 355 CHD/H outpatients were evaluated. The Work Ability Index (WAI) served for work ability assessment. Patients’ results were compared with the results of a control group of 225 healthy young workers. Statistical analysis was performed with ANOVA tests. WAI in female and male CHD/H patients was higher than in OA patients (p < .01), better work ability was related to better education (p < .01), white-collar work (p < .01) and better recreation (p < .01); subjective work ability was determined mostly by the objective health status. The promotion of work ability among workers suffering from advanced age-related diseases should be closely related to the promotion of health. It is indicative to improve occupational education and skills, already at an early stage of a disease.

10

Refinery Firefighters: Assessing Fitness for Duty

Fogleman M., Bhojani F. A.

International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics

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2005

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Vol. 11, No. 2

161--170

EN

Firefighting is a hazardous and physically demanding activity. The demanding nature of the tasks involved in firefighting requires a high level of fitness both for the safety of the firefighting personnel as well as for the adequate performance of their tasks. Here, the characteristics (body weight, lung function, etc.) of a small group of refinery firefighters were investigated using exploratory factor analysis and discriminant analysis. The results indicated that there is a group of factors that characterize those individuals meeting minimum fitness requirements as described previously in the literature. The factors that were identified included those related to anthropometry (such as body composition and weight) and those related to physical capabilities (such as push-ups). Since these data are collected relatively easily in most occupational settings, they may offer an efficient surrogate method to determine fitness for duty among firefighters.