Wyniki wyszukiwania - BazTech

Ograniczanie wyników

Znaleziono wyników: 1

Liczba wyników na stronie

Wyniki wyszukiwania

Wyszukiwano:
w słowach kluczowych: zastosowanie immobilizowanych enzymów

Sortuj według:

Ogranicz wyniki do:

Immobilizacja enzymów. Część 1: Metody konwencjonalne

Bryjdak J.

Wiadomości Chemiczne

2004

[Z] 58, 9-10

691--746

Attractive features of biological systems include versatility, substrate selectivity, regio-, chemo-, and enantioselectivity as well as catalysis at ambient temperatures and pressure. However, the challenge facing bioprocesses is cost competitiveness with existing chemical process assets. The current expansion of industrial biocatalysis can be attributed to recent progress in molecular biology, advanced instrumentation, and engineering. Novel catalyst formulation based on technology such as directed evolution and enzyme immobilisation, has resulted in improved types of highly active and stable biocatalysts. In industrial biotransformations the immobilisation of enzymes on/in support is often chosen to enhance the stability and to simplify the biocatalyst recovery. The main purpose of this paper is to present a general picture of the immobilization techniques that is organised according to the two categories of methods, i.e., conventional methods (Part 1) and immobilisation in membrane reactors (Part 2). The intention of the first part is outline the common procedures that span from binding on carrier materials to incorporation into in situ prepared matrix in which binding forces vary between weak adsorption and covalent binding. Although the development of suitable immobilisation protocol often follows empirical guidelines, some general rules to facilitate proper applications are also presented. Immobilisation of enzymes means a deliberate restriction of the mobility of the enzyme, which can also affect mobility of the solutes. Thus it is mandatory to have basic knowledge of the essential contribution of the chemical forces and the physicochemical interactions during heterogeneous catalysis that is also discussed. Finally, the technological developments in the field of immobilised biocatalysts are presented that show possibility of a wide and more economical exploitation of enzymes in industry, medicine, and in the monitoring devices like the biosensors.