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EN
In the literature on the subject, one can notice quite a lot of freedom in the approach to formulating and understanding of terms relating to process orientation, process approach and managing processes and process management. In recent years, there has been a noticeable increase in interest in the study of process management not only of organizations, but also of individual activities such as projects. Managers are looking for indicators and metrics to measure the effectiveness and efficiency of processes in their activities. The purpose of the article is to try to identify differences and similarities and to systematize terminology related to process management in organizations. The study uses literature research based on an exploration of the Web of Science and Scopus databases, with the analysis limited to scientific publications only, and the selection of available materials excluded other materials, such as communications, reviews or other documents, from the analysis. The article is of a review and conceptual nature. The collected research results were subjected to comparative analysis, logical analysis and critical analysis. The research and analysis results presented in the article are an attempt to organize terminology that can be used in further scientific research.
2
Content available Management of the association formation process
EN
Purpose: The aim of the paper is to identify the process of creating an association and to define a model of the process of creating an association that is registered in the National Court Register, as well as to show the role played by the entity managing this process. On this basis the author attempts to answer the research questions: What is the correct model of the association formation process and whether, and if so, to what extent the activities undertaken by the entity managing the association formation process affect the possibility of its creation and the subsequent functioning of the association? Design/methodology/approach: In order to search for evidence to answer the research questions, the method of legal analysis (normative methodology) anchored in the theory of organisation and management was used, as appropriate for analysing a phenomenon highly determined by legal regulations. The combination of the research method of legal analysis and concepts from the field of organisation and management allows to formulate conclusions on the identification and course of the phenomenon under study, causes and effects of actions taken by the entity managing the process of association formation. The author has used various techniques and tools to collect and analyse data, i.e. participatory observation, legal analysis, analysis of documentation, analysis of judicial decisions and Internet sources. Findings: The author has identified and defined a model for managing the association formation process and has established the important role of the entity managing this process. Practical implications: The association formation process management model can be used in practice by those who undertake the management of such processes. Social implications: One of the basic organisational forms, in which a person can actively influence social life, be creative and realise both his own needs and the needs of others, is the association. The institution of association - as an organisation - seems to be underused by active members of social life. An undeniable problem is the difficulty to direct the process of association creation, there is no popularization of a model of the process of association creation. Therefore, it is necessary to define such a model, perhaps to define a postulate for legislative changes and, above all, to educate and promote it. Originality/value: The presented analysis is important, because it establishes and shows a model of the association formation process, which can be applied by the entity managing the association formation process, and shows its significance for the later functioning of such an organisation as an association registered in the National Court Register. This research problem, so far, has not been elaborated from the point of view of management science.
EN
Purpose: The purpose of the study was to show the importance of measuring the effects of the execution of personnel processes within the framework of personnel function management in manufacturing enterprises. Design/methodology/approach: The development of the article required a critical analysis of the literature on the subject. A literature study of scientific publications, a survey, and face-to 16 face interviews were performed. Findings: Thanks to the realization of the survey it was found that, despite such high awareness of the importance and effectiveness of the use of KPIs, only less than 28% of the respondents declared the use of HR function measurements in a systematic way, and only 53% use only a few indicators, in an active way and not fully coordinated. Research limitations/implications: Future directions of activities will concern the realization of research in another research group (increased number of analyzed production and service enterprises) from the area of the southern part of Poland and the comparative analysis of obtained results. The limitation of the research may be the unwillingness of enterprises to cooperate. Practical implications: The results of the study indicate the possibility and at the same time recommend the implementation of KPIs for monitoring the effectiveness of development processes in enterprises. The obtained results will contribute to the implication of more KPIs and thus increase the level of effective management. Originality/value: Filling the research gap in the field of measuring the effects of personnel function with the use of selected KPIs. The study is addressed to the management staff of enterprises.
EN
One of the main challenges in implementing process-oriented management is establishing a governance mechanism in the organisation. It creates a coherent framework for the execution, management and perception of business processes, which is the foundation of consistent Business Process Management (BPM). Process governance (PG) refers to an organisation’s ability to manage its relationships with all process stakeholders and support the value chain for its customers. Its implementation involves establishing process regulation mechanisms and stakeholder-oriented criteria to support prioritisation, cascading, and change management within BPM initiatives. A review of the domain literature reveals that while process governance has been discussed from several but separated perspectives (strategy, business roles, performance, and maturity), only a few studies identify and synthesise the barriers to its implementation in organisations. The paper mainly aims to identify and classify the key barriers to the implementation of process governance. The author’s approach refers to the six core elements of Business Process Management capability and process governance frameworks. Research results confirm that most process governance barriers polarise around the competence gaps of the process stakeholders and the immaturity of the process-oriented culture of companies. Another significant group of constraints to process governance arises from the existing organisation’s structure. They are mainly related to the proper division of responsibilities and a weak position or the lack of BPM centres of excellence. The research contributes to the literature on management by identifying potential barriers to business process governance that constrain BPM initiatives. The identified PG challenges can provide a basis for developing a theoretical framework for Business Process Management and models for BPM success factors.
PL
Zarządzanie procesem odkrywkowej eksploatacji złoża jest procesem bardzo złożonym i wielodyscyplinarnym. Do najważniejszych wątków tego procesu, oprócz sfery ekonomiczno-finansowej, należy zaliczyć: zarządzanie bezpieczeństwem ruchu zakładu górniczego, ochronę oddziaływania ruchu zakładu na otoczenie i racjonalną gospodarkę zasobami. Takie obszary zarządzania wymagają kompleksowego podejścia i mają bardzo istotny wpływ na bieżące i przyszłe wyniki działalności gospodarczej przedsiębiorstwa. Katastrofa techniczna może bowiem także doprowadzić do katastrofy ekonomicznej i środowiskowej.
EN
Managing the surface mining of deposits is a complex and multidisciplinary process. Apart from economic and financial areas, the key aspects of the process include: managing operational safety of a mining plant, reducing the impact of the plant on the environment, and the rational management of resources. These areas of management require a comprehensive aproach and affect the current and future outcomes of the business operations of an enterprise. Technical disaster may lead to economical and environmental disaster.
6
Content available remote Zarządzanie procesem modernizacji sieci wodociągowej w ujęciu Kaizen
PL
Niniejszy artykuł opisuje przebieg przedsięwzięcia modernizacyjnego sieci wodociągowej przeprowadzone przez GPW SA w Katowicach we współpracy z Dąbrowskimi Wodociągami w czerwcu 2018 r. z uwzględnieniem zarządzania procesem modernizacji w ujęciu koncepcji Kaizen. Proces obejmował przebudowę systemu hydraulicznego zasilania i odbioru wody ze zbiorników terenowych w Łośniu. Istotnym wyzwaniem było wybudowanie obejścia sieci wraz ze zmianą kierunku zasilania dla kilku dzielnic miasta Dąbrowa Górnicza przy zapewnieniu odbiorcom nieprzerwanych dostaw wody niepogorszonej jakości. Do zarządzania tym procesem powołano Sztab Koordynacyjny, Zespół Projektowy oraz Grupy Robocze z udziałem pracowników obu przedsiębiorstw. Wypracowano i wdrożono innowacyjne rozwiązanie polegające na zatłaczaniu wody z beczkowozów do hydrantów. Skuteczność i przydatność tego rozwiązania została potwierdzona empirycznie. Opracowanie harmonogramu prac z uwzględnieniem wieloaspektowego spektrum przewidywanych zagrożeń pozwala na podejmowanie trafniejszych decyzji zarządczych w trakcie procesu. Ścisła współpraca menadżerów różnych przedsiębiorstw uczestniczących w modernizacji sieci, wymiana informacji i wypracowywanie rozwiązań w porozumieniu zwiększa wzajemne zaufanie.
EN
This article describes the course of the water supply network modernization project carried out by GPW SA in Katowice in cooperation with Dąbrowskie Wodociągi in June 2018, including the management of the modernization process in terms of the Kaizen concept. The process involved the reconstruction of a hydraulic system for supplying and collecting water from field reservoirs in Łosień. An important challenge was to build a network bypass with a change in the supply direction for several districts of the city of Dąbrowa Górnicza while ensuring uninterrupted supply of unimpaired quality water. The Coordination Staff, Project Team and Working Groups with employees of both companies were appointed to manage this process. An innovative solution based on injecting water from water barrels into hydrants has been developed and implemented. The effectiveness and usefulness of this solution has been confirmed. Developing a work schedule taking into account the multi-faceted spectrum of anticipated threats allows making better management decisions during the process. Close cooperation of managers of enterprises participating in network modernization, exchange of information and development of solutions in agreement increases mutual trust.
EN
The current competitive environment is only favourable to those companies that can cope with changes and use them to their advantage. The innovation of business processes is required to improve financial performance. Scientific works have not yet offered an effective solution to the monitoring of the impact made by process reengineering on corporate financial results. This work presents the case of a business process reengineering in a particular company to improve its performance. The results of implemented reengineering are analysed from the point of view of the impact made on the financial situation of the company. The paper aims to demonstrate the implementation of reengineering and evaluate its impact on the financial standing of a company and its performance. The practical application of reengineering was made according to Hammer and Champy methodology, which is based on the analysis of production processes in the company, the implementation of selected reengineered production processes and the evaluation of the reengineering impact on the corporate financial situation and performance. During the evaluation, the selected indicators of financial performance, activity indicators, the indebtedness indicator, business performance indicators as a cash flow to measure financial flows and the economic value-added (indicator EVA) were calculated and analysed. Subsequent to financial analyses and based on the selected indicators, the authors concluded that the implemented reengineering of the production process increased the performance and value of the company, which had a positive impact on the company’s financial situation. The funds spent on the proper implementation of the reengineering steps were effectively used, and the reengineering process was also timed. This contribution to the body of theoretic knowledge links the implementation of reengineering and the part of the financial analysis, which is related to the preparation, implementation and reengineering results.
8
Content available The process approach to service quality management
EN
In this paper a model of service quality management based on the process approach has been presented. The first part of the article contains the theoretical framework of service quality and the process approach in management. Next, quality of service process has been presented in reference to a process-based definition in quoted literature. Finally, the outcomes of a customer questionnaire concerning the validity of particular quality attributes has been presented. The collected data in relation to service process quality stages have enabled the development of a of service quality model for process management.
EN
The popularity of visual management in the lean concept is caused by the possibility to apply it in solving different kind of issues related to reduce waste or process planning. The adaptations of VSM is focused on stream flow, identifying waiting and productive times in accordance to material and information flow. In this paper five basic areas of value stream flow management have been presented and characterized. Discussion under the 5 areas on the VSM process included identifying the dominant stream in the area and the range of factors affecting the flow of the stream. Based on an observation of processes in the manufacturing industry and a literature review, the graphic model of mutual cooperation between value stream areas (1- 5) has been presented.
PL
W artykule opracowano etapy modelowania i symulacji systemu zarządzania procesem kształcenia na uczelni, na które kolejno składają się: określenie celów, kryteriów i ograniczeń funkcjonowania systemu; budowa ogólnego modelu systemu; modelowanie czynników i relacji przyczynowo-skutkowych elementów systemu; iteracyjne eksperymentowanie symulacyjne na modelach, uwzględniające sprzężenia zwrotne w celu ulepszenia przedstawienia systemu, modeli relacyjnych i parametrów wejściowych systemu. Ostatecznym wynikiem tego procesu jest stan systemu i poziom osiągania jego celów na koniec badanego okresu. Po zakończeniu każdej iteracji zarządzający (decydent) podejmuje decyzję, czy ostateczny wynik kształcenia jest zadowalający i czy należy zmieniać parametry na wejściu systemu tak, aby osiągnąć satysfakcjonujący poziom kształcenia absolwentów na koniec prognozowanego okresu.
EN
In article have been developed the steps modelling and simulation of process management system of education at the university, they are: defining objectives, criteria and limitations of the system; construction of a general model of the system; modelling factors and the causal relationships of system components; iterative simulation at models. The feedback in this process allows to improve the model of system, allows to improve mathematical models and allows to improve the input parameters of the system. The final result of this process is the state of the system and the level of achievement of its goals for the end of the period. Manager (decision-maker) at the end of each iteration decides whether the final result of education is satisfactory and whether to change the input parameters of the system so as to achieve a satisfactory level of education graduates at the end of the forecast period.
PL
W artykule oprócz zdefiniowania takich pojęć jak: proces inwestycyjny, zarządzanie procesem inwestycyjnym, jakość, przypomniano metodę krzywej S-owej, zalecanej już w połowie ubiegłego wieku do kontroli przebiegu procesu inwestycyjnego w budownictwie. Głównym powodem przypomnienia metody krzywej S-owej, była chęć podkreślenia jej aktualności, mimo że została ona opracowana w Polsce kilkadziesiąt lat wcześniej niż metoda wartości wypracowanej w Stanach Zjednoczonych (EVM). Autor żałuje, że osoby piszące o metodzie EVM nie dostrzegają jej pokrewieństwa z opracowaną znacznie wcześniej metodą krzywej S-owej. Na przykładzie metody krzywej S-owej wykazuje on jak ważne jest porównywanie propozycji współczesnych ze znacznie wcześniejszymi.
EN
The article, apart from defining such terms as investment process, investment process management and quality, describes the S-curve method, which, as early as in mid-20th Century, was recommended for controlling the investment process in the building industry. The main reason, for which the S-curve method is being reviewed in the here in article stems from the fact that it still has a great velue, even despite the fact that it has been developed a couple of decades earlier, in Poland, preceding the emergence of the EVM (Earned Value Method) methodology in the United States. The author regrets that the scholars who are focused on the EVM method see no relationship between that method and the S-curve method. On the basis of the example provided by the S-curve method, the author proves the importance of comparison of the contemporary methodologies with their predecessors.
12
Content available remote Usprawnianie procesów budowlanych z wykorzystaniem Lean Management
PL
W artykule przedstawiono zasady usprawniania procesów budowlanych z wykorzystaniem metody zarządzania Lean Management i zaprezentowano zastosowanie ich (wraz z analizą procesu przy użyciu Tablicy Doskonalenia Procesu Budowlanego) w przypadku składowania oraz dostaw materiałów budowlanych na budowę biurowca w centrum miasta, na której są ograniczone możliwości magazynowania. Autorzy przedstawili także rezultaty dotyczące wprowadzenia zaproponowanych rozwiązań z wykorzystaniem metod m.in. 5S.
EN
The article presents the principle of improving construction processes using management methodologies – Lean Management. The study cites case study related to the process of storing and supplying of building materials for construction, with limited storage capacity – building an office building in the city center with analysis using Construction Process Improvement Matrix. Authors presented also results involving introduction of proposed solutions connected with among others 5S method.
PL
W artykule zaprezentowano możliwości wykorzystania jednego z narzędzi zarządzania jakością, tj. cyklu Deminga, w celu doskonalenia przygotowania i prowadzenia procesów modelowych, a tym samym uzyskiwania jak najlepszego odwzorowania modelowanych procesów rzeczywistych. W dalszej części artykułu przedstawiono wyniki eksperymentalnych badań przeprowadzonych na modelu wodnym kadzi stalowniczej z możliwością przedmuchiwania gazem. Badania te ukierunkowane były pod kątem wizualizacji odsłaniania się powierzchni metalu z fazy żużlowej (w warunkach modelowych − oleju) podczas przedmuchiwania cieczy modelowej (wody) gazem. Wykazano, że zastosowanie zasady Deminga na etapach projektowania i prowadzenia prac badawczych umożliwia dobór odpowiednich narzędzi, mających na celu przeciwdziałanie niekorzystnym zjawiskom, które mogą prowadzić do zakłóceń w procesie badawczym.
EN
The article presents the possibility of using one of the quality management tools − the Deming cycle, which is a tool used in order to improve preparing and conducting representative model experiments, and hence getting the best mapping between experimental studies and the real process. Farther part of the article presents the results of measurements performed on the water model of the steel-making vat concerns opening of the slag covering surface (in model investigations – oil layer) during argon pouring. It was shown that by applying the Deming principle to designing and performing investigations, enables the use of appropriate instruments designed to counteract unfavorable developments that may lead to disruptions in the research process.
14
Content available remote Identification and evaluation of processes in a construction enterprise
EN
The paper presents the methodology of construction enterprise management based on the process approach. The process approach to management is used to identify all the processes carried out in an enterprise, to determine inter-relationships between them, to consolidate the awareness of employees of their importance and also to measure the efficiency of processes and their continuous improvement. The practical application of the process approach leads to an increase in labour productivity, the quality level and also competitiveness of an enterprise in the construction market. In order to solve the examined task, studies of processes conducted in construction enterprises have been carried out. Based on these studies a universal mathematical model of the process and methodology of its evaluation has been developed. An example of the practical application of the developed methodology is also included.
PL
Maszyny elektryczne prądu stałego są wciąż powszechnie stosowane z pewnych powodow w krajowym (ale też zagranicznym) transporcie kolejowym. Ich okresowe naprawy zarowno rewizyjne, jak i głowne powinny być wykonywane szczegolnie starannie, ponieważ od jakości tych napraw niejednokrotnie zależy bezpośrednio życie i zdrowie pasażerow oraz załog prowadzących składy pociągow. Naprawy i diagnostyka w warunkach funkcjonowania przedsiębiorstw są działaniami złożonymi ze względu na mnogość procesow, czynności i osob zaangażowanych. W artykule opisano cel i metodologię stosowania metodologii FMEA w doskonaleniu procesow technologicznych napraw maszyn elektrycznych prądu stałego. Zaprezentowano kolejne etapy przeprowadzania analizy: Etap I- diagram procesu, Etap II- określenie ryzyk procesu i wyznaczenie wskaźnika ZRW, Etap III- minimalizacja wskaźnika ZRW. Opisaną analizę FMEA pokazano na przykładzie studium rzeczywistego przypadku procesu naprawy przetwornicy wirowej. Analiza FMEA pozwala inaczej popatrzeć na problematykę diagnostyki i napraw maszyn elektrycznych. Skutecznie scala bowiem pojedyncze działania inżynierow i operatorow w jeden ciągły proces, w ktorym ujawniane są na pozor błahe dla inżynierow szczegoły, ktore jednak mają znaczący wpływ na jakość prowadzonych napraw.
EN
DC electric motors are still widely used for certain reasons in the national (but also international) rail transport. Their periodic repair both revision and primary should be done with particular care, because the quality of these repairs often depends directly on the lives and health of passengers and crews operating trains. Repairs and diagnostics businesses operating conditions are complex activities due to a variety of processes, activities and people involved . The article describes the purpose and methodology of applying FMEA methodology to improve processes repair of electrical machinery DC. Presented successive stages of analysis: Phase I - diagram of the process, Phase II - term risks of the process and the appointment of the indicator ZRW, Stage III - minimization ZRW indicator . FMEA analysis described in the example case study of the actual repair process of the vortex converter . FMEA allows different look at the problem of diagnosis and repair of electrical machines. Effectively integrates single action because engineers and operators in one continuous process in which disclosed the seemingly trivial details for engineers, but which have a significant impact on the quality of its repairs.
PL
Publikacja przybliża zagadnienia wykorzystania technik odchudzonego zarządzania (Lean Management) w odniesieniu do procesów konstrukcyjnych w projektowaniu. W szczególności opisuje metodologię opisu, badania dojrzałości oraz hierarchizacji procesów konstruowania przy wykorzystaniu narzędzi odchudzonego zarządzania (Lean Engineering).
EN
The paper presents the application issues of Lean Management to an aerospace engineering. The paper shows a management methodology process for an aerospace design processes. It focuses on the improvement of engineering processes with the use of Lean Engineering management process technique.
17
Content available Trends in the development of IT projects' management
EN
The main aim of this study is to analyse the development trends of project management with the focus on the management of IT projects. The initial parts of the work are devoted to the analysis of the concepts concerning project management and their relation to the management of processes. Next, the author defines the basic determinants of IT projects' management. The subsequent part of this work concerns the evolution of the IT project life cycle in project management methodologies. In the final part of this study the author characterized modern project management methodologies and analyzed the trends in their development.
PL
Celem niniejszej pracy jest analiza tendencji rozwojowych zarządzania projektami ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem zarządzania projektami IT. Pierwsza część pracy poświęcona jest analizom pojęć, związanych z zarządzaniem projektami i ich stosunku do zarządzania procesami. Następnie autor definiuje podstawowe determinanty zarządzania projektami IT. W dalszej części pracy poruszane jest zagadnienie ewolucji IT i cyklu życia projektu w metodologii zarządzania projektami. W końcowej części pracy autor charakteryzuje nowoczesne metody zarządzania projektami i analizy tendencji w ich rozwoju.
18
Content available remote Operational controlling - a tool of translating strategy into action
EN
Enterprises have a lot of problems with realization their strategic aims in the fast changing and competitive business arena from many years. Effective execution of strategic plan needs its translating into action, task results and indicators of everyday activities. The success on the market is attainable by communicating strategic and operating goals on the each level of organizational structure and their connecting with budget of units or employee motivation. The scorecards balancing in finance, customer, process and development perspectives is very useful for pointing - what do we control with? or - what do we have to achieve? But doesn't answer to question about ways of enterprise managing. Main aim of the article is proving that operational controlling system is a essential tool for translating strategy into action. The Balanced Scorecard methodology should to take into consideration system and process connection of enterprise with procurement, co-operation or distribution supply chain also.
PL
Przedsiębiorstwa napotykają wiele problemów w trakcie realizacji celów strategicznych w szybko zmieniającym się i konkurencyjnym świecie biznesowym. Efektywna realizacja planu strategicznego wymaga jego przełożenia na działanie, wyniki i wskaźniki bieżącej działalności. Sukces rynkowy jest uzyskiwany poprzez spójność celów strategicznych i operacyjnych na każdym poziomie jednostek czy motywację pracowników. Z punktu widzenia finansów, klienta, procesów i rozwoju Karta Wyników jest bardzo użyteczna w poszukiwaniu odpowiedzi na pytanie: czym kontrolujemy? co chcemy osiągnąć? ale nie odpowiada na pytanie: jak zarządzamy przedsiębiorstwem? Celem pracy było udowodnienie, że metoda controllingu operacyjnego jet istotnym narzędziem dla przetłumaczenia strategii w konkretne działania. Metoda zbilansowej Karty Wyników powinna brać również pod uwagę powiązania systemu i procesu z zakupami, współpracą firmy oraz łańcuchem dostaw. W pracy przedstawiono system controllingowy jako narzędzie do przekształcenia strategii w konkretne działania.
PL
Od programowania i planowania inwestycji budowlanych, a następnie organizacji procesu inwestycyjno-budowlanego oraz zarządzania nim, w znacznym stopniu zależą koszty i jakość realizowanej inwestycji, dlatego działalność inwestycyjno-budowlana wymaga kompleksowego ujęcia, szczegółowego planowania i konsekwentnej realizacji.
EN
The programming and planning of construction development projects, followed by the organization and management of the construction development process, have a significant influence on the costs and quality of the development, and for this reason development activity requires a comprehensive approach, detailed planning and consistent execution.
EN
The aim of the article is to identify the extent and the ways of applying the concept of the process management in Polish or-ganizations oriented to TQM. To achieve this goal, an experience analysis of 12 chosen Polish Quality Award's finalists was performed. For this group, an evaluation of the achievements was carried out followed by identification of the most basic categories for the actions taken in the area of process management.
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