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Strategy and the hybrid structure of ecosystems

Pietrewicz Lesław

Zeszyty Naukowe. Organizacja i Zarządzanie / Politechnika Śląska

2020

z. 149

481--491

Purpose: Despite the recent surge of interest in the concept of business ecosystem its nature remains poorly understood, with various conceptualizations developed in separate streams of literature. The aim of the paper is to develop an integrated perspective on ecosystems that would help managers better understand changing organizational landscape and inform strategic decision making. Design/methodology/approach: The paper is built on a narrative conflict between the conceptualizations of business ecosystem as either firm environment or governance structure, and on discrepancy in treatment of coordination and other strategic interactions. We first map out the conceptual landscape of the topic, comparing ecosystems with alternative arrangements (industries, and markets and hierarchies, respectively). Then we introduce and apply the concept of strategic interactions as a novel theoretical perspective to design an integrated framework of business ecosystems. Findings: Firm-level strategic interactions (competition, cooperation and coordination) taking place in the ecosystem (viewed as a form of environment) can and should get into strategic interactions with ecosystem-level coordination mechanisms (ecosystem as a governance structure), affecting on the one hand competitiveness of individual members of the ecosystem and the whole structure, and, on the other, boundaries of the ecosystem. Research limitations/implications: Propositions concerning the interface between firm-level strategic interactions and ecosystem-level governance open up new lines of inquiry for management and organizational scholars and computer scientists, and invite their cooperation, e.g. in algorithmic governance. Practical implications: Richer understanding of the nature of ecosystems helps managers make better informed strategic decisions concerning the nature of relations with other organizations. Originality/value: The paper presents new theoretical arguments on the hybrid nature of ecosystems. It emphasizes an increased role of coordination in strategy and ecosystem development and calls for its wider coverage by strategy scholars.

Eco-ethological characteristics of two natural hybrids of Abramis brama (L.) from the River Meuse basin

Nzau Matondo B., Ovidio M., Poncin P., Philippart J. C.

Environmental Biotechnology

2010

Vol. 6, No. 2

42-52

Eco-ethology as expressed in migration patterns, abundance level, growth rates in river conditions, and reproductive behaviour in a controlled environment were investigated in natural common bream x roach and common bream x silver bream hybrids. From 2001 to 2003, hybrids and parental species were captured in a fish pass trap at the Lixhe dam on the Belgian Meuse river during their reproductive migration. The fish pass was checked 3 days a week and the water temperature was recorded hourly. The results showed that hybrids were less frequent but they had migrated during the same period and in the same environmental conditions as the parental species. Scale readings showed that the growth of hybrids was intermediate to the two parent species growth. In reproductive experiments between hybrids under controlled conditions, the female hybrid mated with one to two hybrid males. In reproductive experiments with hybrids mixed with parental species males, the female hybrid mated with male hybrid and male roach or male silver bream, but not with the male common bream. The succession of spawning episodes in hybrids were those recognised in parental species. Aggressive and territorial acts were observed among the males of these hybrids in a territory including a spawning substrate. This study has proven that the natural hybrids are eco-ethologically viable.