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1

Logistics in the process of enterprise management in conditions of the Covid-19 pandemic on the example of selected enterprises

Gąsowska Magdalena K.

Zeszyty Naukowe. Organizacja i Zarządzanie / Politechnika Śląska

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2024

|

z. 191

159--177

EN

Purpose: The aim of the article is to analyze and assess the role of logistics in the process of enterprise management during the COVID-19 pandemic on the example of selected manufacturing, trade and service enterprises. Design/methodology/approach: The article is based on the study of literature and own empirical research. The results of own empirical research presented in the study constitute the effects of more extensive research on an in-depth analysis of the logistics process management in Polish manufacturing, trade and service enterprises in 2019-2021 in the context of shaping enterprise results. The research was conducted in 2022 among 335 randomly selected small, medium and large Polish manufacturing, trade and service enterprises. Findings: The results of the research show that the strategic and operational management of logistics processes within the enterprise and between entities which are the links in the supply chain increasingly determined the economic and market results of the best surveyed enterprises and the supply chains they created during the COVID-19 pandemic. Thanks to adequately applied logistics to the occurred conditions, the best surveyed enterprises responded quickly and appropriately to the effects of the pandemic and created and maintained the competitive advantage. The analyzed enterprises did not use the full potential of logistics processes to reduce the negative influence of the COVID-19 pandemic on their results. The research confirmed that logistics played an extremely important role in the process of enterprise management during the COVID-19 pandemic. Research limitations/implications: The article presents only selected aspects of logistics in the process of enterprise management of the surveyed enterprises during the COVID-19 pandemic. Practical implications: The article offers logistics managers practical suggestions on how to use logistics to achieve above-average economic and market results in conditions of a pandemic. Originality/value: The article fills the cognitive and empirical gap regarding logistics in the process of enterprise management during the COVID-19 pandemic.

2

Konsekwencje pandemii COVID-19: perspektywa logistyki w polskich przedsiębiorstwach. Cz. I

Gąsowska Magdalena K.

Gospodarka Materiałowa i Logistyka

|

2024

|

nr 1

2--14

PL

Artykuł stanowi pierwszą część opracowania, którego celem jest przedstawienie wpływu pandemii COVID-19 na logistykę na przykładzie wybranych polskich przedsiębiorstw produkcyjnych, handlowych i usługowych. Artykuł powstał na podstawie studiów literatury oraz własnych badań empirycznych. Badania przeprowadzono w 2022 r. wśród 335 losowo wybranych małych, średnich i dużych polskich przedsiębiorstw produkcyjnych, handlowych i usługowych. W wyniku badań stwierdzono, że pandemia COVID-19 miała ogromny wpływ na logistykę we wszystkich badanych przedsiębiorstwach w latach 2020–2021. Zmiany uwarunkowań logistyki spowodowane pandemią nałożyły się na determinanty logistyki współczesnych przedsiębiorstw przed pandemią. Strategiczne i operacyjne zarządzanie procesami logistycznymi coraz bardziej determinowało wyniki ekonomiczne i rynkowe najlepszych badanych przedsiębiorstw w czasie pandemii COVID-19. Przedsiębiorstwa osiągające najlepsze wyniki w czasie pandemii realizowały strategię zarządzania łańcuchem dostaw, będącą w ciągłym stadium tworzenia, kształtowania się, charakteryzującą się błyskawiczną reakcją na zmieniające się wymagania klientów, warunki otoczenia oraz działania konkurentów, przy respektowaniu zasad zrównoważonego rozwoju. Najbardziej skuteczni menedżerowie logistyki w czasie pandemii podejmowali szybkie działania umożliwiające ograniczenie prawdopodobieństwa zakłócenia, zmniejszenie dotkliwości skutków zaistniałych zdarzeń oraz kreowanie i utrzymanie przewag konkurencyjnych przedsiębiorstw.

EN

The article constitutes the first part of the study, the aim of which is to present the influence of the COVID-19 pandemic on logistics on the example of selected Polish manufacturing, trade and service enterprises. The article is based on the study of literature and own empirical research. The research was conducted in 2022 among 335 randomly selected small, medium and large Polish manufacturing, trade and service enterprises. As a result of the research, it was found that the COVID-19 pandemic had a huge influence on logistics in all surveyed enterprises in 2020–2021. Changes in logistics conditions caused by the pandemic overlapped with the logistics determinants of contemporary enterprises before the pandemic. Strategic and operational management of logistics processes increasingly determined the economic and market results of the best surveyed enterprises during the COVID-19 pandemic. Enterprises achieving the best results during the pandemic implemented the supply chain management strategy that was in a constant state of creation and development, characterized by an immediate response to changing customer requirements, environmental conditions and competitors' activities, respecting, at the same time, the principles of sustainable development. During the pandemic, the most effective logistics managers took quick actions so as to reduce the likelihood of disruption, decrease the severity of the effects of events, and create and maintain competitive advantages of their enterprises.

3

Konsekwencje pandemii COVID-19: perspektywa logistyki w polskich przedsiębiorstwach. Cz. II

Gąsowska Magdalena K.

Gospodarka Materiałowa i Logistyka

|

2024

|

nr 2

12--23

PL

Artykuł stanowi drugą część opracowania, którego celem jest przedstawienie wpływu pandemii COVID-19 na logistykę na przykładzie wybranych polskich przedsiębiorstw produkcyjnych, handlowych i usługowych. Dokonano w nim pogłębionej analizy wyników własnych badań empirycznych. Prezentowane w opracowaniu wyniki są efektem bardziej obszernych badań, dotyczących zarządzania procesami logistycznymi w polskich przedsiębiorstwach produkcyjnych, handlowych i usługowych w latach 2019–2021 w kontekście kształtowania wyników przedsiębiorstwa. Badania przeprowadzono w 2022 r. wśród 335 losowo wybranych małych, średnich i dużych polskich przedsiębiorstw produkcyjnych, handlowych i usługowych. Na podstawie badań stwierdzono, że pandemia COVID-19 miała ogromny wpływ na logistykę we wszystkich badanych przedsiębiorstwach w latach 2020–2021. Zmiany uwarunkowań logistyki spowodowane pandemią nałożyły się na determinanty logistyki współczesnych przedsiębiorstw przed pandemią. Strategiczne i operacyjne zarządzanie procesami logistycznymi coraz bardziej determinowało wyniki ekonomiczne i rynkowe najlepszych badanych przedsiębiorstw w czasie pandemii COVID-19. Przedsiębiorstwa osiągające najlepsze wyniki w czasie pandemii realizowały strategię zarządzania łańcuchem dostaw, będącą w ciągłym stadium tworzenia, kształtowania się, charakteryzującą się błyskawiczną reakcją na zmieniające się wymagania klientów, warunki otoczenia oraz działania konkurentów, przy respektowaniu zasad zrównoważonego rozwoju. Najbardziej skuteczni menedżerowie logistyki w czasie pandemii podejmowali szybkie działania umożliwiające ograniczenie prawdopodobieństwa zakłóceń, zmniejszenie dotkliwości skutków zaistniałych zdarzeń oraz kreowanie i utrzymanie przewag konkurencyjnych przedsiębiorstw.

EN

The article constitutes the second part of the study, the aim of which is to present the influence of the COVID-19 pandemic on logistics on the example of selected Polish manufacturing, trade and service enterprises. It includes an in-depth analysis of the results of the author's own empirical research. The results of own empirical research presented in the study constitute the effects of more extensive research on an indepth analysis of the logistics process management in Polish manufacturing, trade and service enterprises in 2019–2021 in the context of shaping enterprise results. The research was conducted in 2022 among 335 randomly selected small, medium and large Polish manufacturing, trade and service enterprises. As a result of the research, it was found that the COVID-19 pandemic had a huge influence on logistics in all surveyed enterprises in 2020–2021. Changes in logistics conditions caused by the pandemic overlapped with the logistics determinants of contemporary enterprises before the pandemic. Strategic and operational management of logistics processes increasingly determined the economic and market results of the best surveyed enterprises during the COVID-19 pandemic. Enterprises achieving the best results during the pandemic implemented the supply chain management strategy that was in a constant state of creation and development, characterized by an immediate response to changing customer requirements, environmental conditions and competitors' activities, respecting, at the same time, the principles of sustainable development. During the pandemic, the most effective logistics managers took quick actions so as to reduce the likelihood of disruption, decrease the severity of the effects of events, and create and maintain competitive advantages of their enterprises.

4

Overview of supply chain management challenges

Surmacz Tomasz, Szopiński Wiesław

Zeszyty Naukowe. Organizacja i Zarządzanie / Politechnika Śląska

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2023

|

z. 174

315--322

EN

Purpose: The article aims at presenting possible challenges faced by supply chains in the upcoming years. Design/methodology/approach: The article employs analysis of the literature on the subject. Findings: As a result of the critical analysis of the literature, the authors have highlighted what they consider to be the most significant challenges facing supply chain managers in the coming years. These include meeting increasing customer demands for on-time delivery, the skillful use of new technologies and an increasing emphasis on environmental issues in supply chain management. These are challenges arising from changes in the business environment. The last few years, and many examples of broken supply chains, have shown that changes in the way we think about how supply chains operate are required in many areas. Trends in the environment are forcing the challenges listed above to be addressed urgently. These challenges are closely interconnected. For example, changes in purchasing behaviour are also increasingly concerned with environmental issues, which translates into the need to 'green' supply chains. Also, customer expectations for greater visibility of processes in supply chains and increasing pressure to deliver as quickly as possible (which is linked to the growth of e-commerce), are driving the need for new technologies, including automation. Research limitations/implications: The authors have focused on the most important trends and challenges and the article certainly does not cover all the topics studied. It is to some extent a subjective selection made by the authors. In addition, it should be noted that dynamic changes in the environment may influence the emergence of new challenges that are not presented in the article. Practical implications: The supply chain management challenges presented in the article may be of interest to those responsible for the operations of supply chains within companies. Originality/value: The article is a subjective indication of the most important trends in supply chain management and stems from a review of the literature on the subject. Although the issues analysed are present in other research papers, here we have the authors’ choice.

5

Dropshipping in the age of the Internet – does it really work in crisis?

Lamek Anna

Zeszyty Naukowe. Organizacja i Zarządzanie / Politechnika Śląska

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2023

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z. 169

467--477

EN

Purpose: The main goal of this article is to present the dropship model to consider it’s advantages and disadvantages and find out, is it accurate way to develop business in short time under some uncertainty. Design/methodology/approach: Most important problems and critical success factors of dropshipping model, and then assessing their mutual influence on each other were discussed. Costs that a start-up company running it’s business must incur were analyzed. In order to convince what kind of effects the online store may expect, simulations of requirements and costs on dropshipping platforms were conducted. Findings: Dropshipping business model is quite risky and should not be treated as a panacea in times of crisis. Online stores, if they think about significant profits, must focus on finding their niche, building responsive websites and rely on a solid information system. Originality/value: Simulation of costs of dropshipping business model under some uncertainty can be really helpful to start-up company running it’s business.

6

Optimizing supply chain in a foundry through computer simulation using FlexSim - a case study

Marek Krynke

System Safety : Human - Technical Facility - Environment

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2023

|

Vol. 5, iss. 1

172--181

EN

The article presents the optimization of supply chain management in a foundry using computer simulation with the FlexSim program. The authors analyze collaboration with external entities in the production process, focusing on the settlement of raw materials, transportation services, and storage costs. Special attention is given to the production plans of subcontractors integrated into the operational production schedule. Utilizing the 3D FlexSim environment, they showcase a simulation model optimized for minimizing the costs of production, transportation, and storage of alloying elements essential for iron casting production. The case study illustrates the effective use of computer simulation in refining supply chain management within the context of the foundry production process.

7

Motives and barriers to the development of logistics networks in the SME sector in Poland in the years 2019–2020

Andrzejczak Beata

Gospodarka Materiałowa i Logistyka

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2023

|

nr 1

51--57

EN

The aim of the paper is to discuss reasons and barriers to Tier 1 suppliers and customers of the SME sector in Poland focusing on the Łódzkie Province. The first part of the work provides theoretical approach to the identification of circumstances conditioning the development of logistics networks relying on subject-matter literature and data from the reports of Bundesvereinigung Logistik (BVL). The second part of the paper contains author's questionnaire based studies of reasons and barriers to the development of logistics networks in the SME sector in the Łódzkie Province and the characteristics of companies from the SME sector participating in the studies.

PL

Celem artykułu jest zaprezentowanie motywów i barier współpracy z dostawcami i odbiorcami pierwszego rzędu w sektorze MŚP w Polsce ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem województwa łódzkiego. W pierwszej części artykułu zostały zaprezentowane uwarunkowania rozwoju sieci logistycznych w ujęciu teoretycznym, na podstawie literatury przedmiotu oraz informacji zawartych w raportach Bundesvereinigung Logistyk (BVL). W drugiej części artykułu zostały przedstawione badania własne (ankietowe) na temat motywów i barier rozwoju sieci logistycznych sektora MSP w województwie łódzkim oraz charakterystyka firm sektora MŚP biorących udział w badaniach ankietowych.

8

A balanced performance measurement system for automotive spare parts supply chain

Achetoui Zineb, Mabrouki Charif, Mousrij Ahmed

Zeszyty Naukowe. Transport / Politechnika Śląska

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2022

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z. 116

25--55

EN

This paper aims to provide a performance measurement system for the automotive spare parts supply chain. We focus on an independent distributor belonging to an independent channel. The framework encompasses different performance aspects for a high supply chain visibility, as well as the required categories, subcategories and key performance indicators for the automotive spare parts supply chain performance measurement. The framework is the first contribution that advances the performance measurement in the automotive aftermarket and allows assessing the performance of the automotive spare parts supply chain as a whole.

9

Distributed ledger technology for supply chain and public governance as a response for sustainability issues

Zaczyk Mateusz

Zeszyty Naukowe. Organizacja i Zarządzanie / Politechnika Śląska

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2022

|

z. 156

539--555

EN

Purpose: The purpose of this article is to systematize the problems faced by modern supply chains and problems observed in the field of public governance, as well as to indicate solutions to these problems based on the currently developing Distributed Ledger Technology. Design/methodology/approach: The purpose of the article was achieved based on a thorough analysis of contemporary scientific articles and a number of industry reports, as well as websites of institutions involved in the development of DLT with particular emphasis on Blockchain technology. Moreover, two case studies on DLT implementation were presented. Findings: A number of problems have been identified related to the sustainable development of supply chains and societies. They can be systematized by taking into account the concept of the triple bottom line. There are DLT solutions that emphasize sustainable development. Examples of such solutions are described in the article. Research limitations/implications: (if applicable) If research is reported on in the paper, this section must be completed and should include suggestions for future research and any identified limitations in the research process. Practical implications: The use of DLT-based systems in supply chain management and in public management solves specific problems. The article shows how the architecture of DLT systems contributes to the increase in the transparency of the supply chain or public service. Moreover, the article indicates that the implementation of blockchain solutions contributes to increasing the trust in the supply chain management and public governance. Social implications: Described examples of DLT application show a number of benefits for society in terms of pro-ecological behavior, as well as in terms of security of data flowing through the public services system, which is often the subject of public concern. Originality/value: The originality of the article is to emphasize the importance of DLT for shaping sustainable development and to present the described technology as a way to reduce the negative impact of problems identified in the area of both supply chain management and public governance.

10

Sustainable Supply Chain Finances implementation model and Artificial Intelligence for innovative omnichannel logistics

Pawlicka Kinga, Bal Monika

Management

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2022

|

Vol. 26, no. 1

19--35

EN

Whilst there is significant research on supply chain finance, there is little information about its application to the omnichannel logistics. Hence, the primary adopted goal is to identify the ways of supporting the implementation and development of SSCM with use of Artificial Intelligence and developed SSCF implementation model. Potential paths to improve supply chain’s sustainability based on SSCF and AI are presented on the example of two internationally operating companies from the clothing industry using omnichannel. An exploratory case study has been conducted. Three methods were used to gather data: document/ reports analysis, direct and participative observation and unstructured interviews. By implementing AI, supply chain leaders can more easily improve all key dimensions of sustainability, especially in the strategic field, based on strengthening partnership and cooperation with suppliers offering value-added materials that guarantee a competitive advantage. The paper contributes to the limited existing literature on SSCF and AI and disseminates this information to provide impetus, guidance and support toward increasing the productivity, efficiency, consistency and quality of service.

11

The impact of lean & green supply chain practices on sustainability: literature review and conceptual framework

Ikram Ait Hammou, Salah Oulfarsi, Ali Hebaz

LogForum

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2022

|

Vol. 18, no. 1

1--13

EN

Background: The adoption of lean and green practices, sequentially or simultaneously, in the context of supply chain management has been recommended by researchers and practitioners as strategies to gain a sustainable competitive advantage while reducing negative social and environmental impacts. Hence, there is a growing interest in this topic. This attention is evident through the increased number of publications on lean and green supply chain practices. However, only a few studies have listed and classified these practices according to the different levels of the supply chain. Moreover, there is a restricted number of research papers that have highlighted the specific practices that impact each measurement of sustainable performance. Thus, this research aims to contribute to the literature in the field of supply chain management by presenting, in a simple and structured way, the different lean and green practices that have been studied by previous researchers, focusing on their impact on sustainable performance measurements. Methods: A rigorous literature review in seven steps was followed, based on the study and analysis of 23 research articles dealing with lean and green practices and their impact on the supply chain’s sustainable performance. Results: The novelty of this research is that it presents, at the same time (i) a review of lean and green practices used in the context of supply chain management, and classified based on their citation frequency and level of use (upstream, internal and downstream), (ii) a focus on the practices that have been empirically studied as having an impact on supply chain’s sustainable performance, as well as highlighting the indicators that are directly influenced by these practices, and (iii) a development of a conceptual framework, to present in a simplified way the lean and green practices that have an impact on one or more sustainable performance dimensions. The results of the study indicated that regarding the different levels of the supply chain, there is a dominance of practices used internally, with a greater number of lean practices compared to green practices. In addition, the majority of the practices identified have a positive impact on sustainable performance, except for some practices, namely « Cooperation with suppliers », « JIT philosophy », « Total Productive Maintenance », « Small lot-sizing » and « Reverse logistics », that have shown a disagreement between previous studies. It was concluded that the supply chain’s environmental performance aspects are the most studied, followed by economic performance, then social performance. Conclusions: Numerous recommendations are provided to help managers and decision-makers in their choices of lean and green strategies according to their sustainability objectives, and to guide academics in their future studies on this field.

12

Supply chain maturity models: a comparative review

Hansali Oumaima, Elrhanimi Samah, Elabbadi Laila

LogForum

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2022

|

Vol. 18, no. 4

435--450

EN

Background: Due to the high potential to gain competitive advantage in today's global market, supply chains play a critical role in the current industry. Understanding maturity and its features in the context of the supply chain can help companies achieve higher levels of performance. To assess and measure supply chains, a wide variety of supply chain maturity models have been developed to help companies analyze the existing state in the supply chain, allowing for the achievement of higher levels of maturity and providing guidance in the development of an improvement roadmap. Methods: The review spans from the early 1990s to 2021 and examines research carried out and published in the literature, including papers on conference proceedings, articles in journals, and technical reports. The previous models, stages, dimensions (areas/elements), and methods are included in this review. Research gaps are also noted, analyzed, and discussed. Results: The purpose of this study is to perform a comparative analysis of supply chain maturity models to explore the special characteristics of the studied models, which help to identify the differences and similarities between each other, and also to present the various focus areas related to the supply chain. The results show the existence of a large variety of models with a trend to the customs of models for specific area of supply chain. We also identified that most of the models have similar maturity level names and number since they are developed based on previously existing maturity models. The results of this paper are meant to serve as a reference guide for a detailed understanding of documented supply chain maturity models and help practitioners to seek better alignment in regards to supply chain maturity models characteristics. Conclusions: Supply chains play an important role in the market rivalry nowadays. Understanding maturity and its components in the context of supply chain management can help companies perform at higher levels. Despite the high number of maturity models developed in the field of supply chain, the result of this review shows that there is a need for new studies to fill the gaps in the existing work and to take into consideration the complexity faced in the management of supply chain networks.

13

Green concepts in the supply chain

Sosnowski Piotr Cezary

LogForum

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2022

|

Vol. 18, no. 1

15--25

EN

Background: Reducing negative environmental impacts has become a significant managerial issue. It includes also supply chain participants, e.g., by introducing such concepts as green supplier evaluation or green supplier development. The goal of this paper is to identify concepts aimed at reducing negative environmental impacts in the supply chain (the “green concepts”) and to determine their scope of use. Methods: The research method used in this paper is the review of the existing literature. The reviewed literature is related to the area of reducing negative environmental impacts in supply chain. Results: The results concern the classification of green concepts in supply chain and determining their scope of use, including green supply chain management, green purchasing and green supplier development. Conclusion: The main research implication is providing a basis for further research related to reducing negative environmental impacts in supply chain. It includes also identifying relationships between these concepts and observable trends in the global economy, such as sharing economy and circular economy. The results might also contribute to implementing the green concepts in companies interested in reducing negative environmental impacts in their supply chains. The originality of this work lies in taking into consideration various concepts aimed at reducing negative environmental impacts and discussing them in the context of the supply chain.

14

A bibliometric analysis of the application of social network analysis in supply chain management

Wang Can

LogForum

|

2022

|

Vol. 18, no. 1

123--136

EN

Background: This paper presents a bibliometric overview of research published application of social network analysis in supply chain management in recent decades. It may be useful for showing the most important problems in this area. With this aim, Citespace is used to analyse the literature on the application of social network analysis in supply chain management to clarify the development and research trend. Bibliometric analysis is the quantitative study of bibliographic material. It provides a general picture of a research field that can be classified by papers, authors, and journals. The main objective of this study is to investigate the knowledge domain about application social network analysis in the supply chain field and reveal the thematic patterns and topics of high interest to researchers to predict emerging trends in the literature. Methods: To investigate the growth of studies about the applicable social network in supply chain management, 647 articles were reviewed by CiteSpace software. These papers were collected from the Core Collection of Thomson Reuters and published in 16 journals in operations research and management science from 2004 to 2021. Document co-citation analysis, clustering analysis, and citation burst detection were conducted to investigate and examine the thematic patterns, emerging trends, and critical articles of the knowledge domain. Results: Social network approaches are increasingly popular in the supply chain. Four major clusters are discussed in detail, namely multi-objective optimization, sustainable supply chain, supply network, and circular economy. Three research trends of supply chain network design, structural characteristics, and supplier selection and evaluation were identified based on citation bursts analysis. Conclusions: The present study offers a new approach to visualizing relevant data to synthesize scientific research findings of the application of social network analysis in supply chain management. Additionally, directions for future research in this area are presented.

15

Zmiany w zarządzaniu łańcuchami dostaw przed pandemią COVID-19 i w pierwszych miesiącach pandemii. Cz. 2

Gąsowska Magdalena K.

Gospodarka Materiałowa i Logistyka

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2022

|

nr 12

21--33

PL

Artykuł stanowi drugą część opracowania, którego celem jest prezentacja zmian w zarządzaniu łańcuchami dostaw przed pandemią COVID-19 i w pierwszych miesiącach pandemii oraz ocena wpływu tych zmian na budowanie przewagi konkurencyjnej na przykładzie wybranych polskich przedsiębiorstw produkcyjnych, handlowych i usługowych. Podjęto w nim próbę pogłębionej analizy najważniejszych, w przekonaniu autorki, aspektów zmian w zarządzaniu łańcuchami dostaw wybranych polskich przedsiębiorstw produkcyjnych, handlowych i usługowych w latach 2018–2020 oraz oceny wpływu tych zmian na proces budowania przewagi konkurencyjnej badanych firm.

EN

The article constitutes the second part of the study which aim is to present changes in supply chain management before the COVID-19 pandemic and in the first months of this pandemic as well as to assess the influence of these changes on building a competitive advantage on the example of the selected Polish production, trade and service enterprises. It attempts to carry out an in-depth analysis of the most important, in the opinion of the author, aspects of changes in supply chain management of the selected Polish production, trade and service enterprises in 2018–2020 and to assess the influence of these changes on the process of building a competitive advantage of the surveyed companies.

16

Zmiany w zarządzaniu łańcuchami dostaw przed pandemią COVID-19 i w pierwszych miesiącach pandemii. Cz. 1

Gąsowska Magdalena K.

Gospodarka Materiałowa i Logistyka

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2022

|

nr 11

2--15

PL

Artykuł stanowi pierwszą część opracowania, którego celem jest prezentacja zmian w zarządzaniu łańcuchami dostaw przed pandemią COVID-19 i w pierwszych miesiącach pandemii oraz ocena wpływu tych zmian na budowanie przewagi konkurencyjnej na przykładzie wybranych polskich przedsiębiorstw produkcyjnych, handlowych i usługowych. Przedstawiono w nim istotę i kierunki zarządzania współczesnymi łańcuchami dostaw. Opisano metodykę badań i dokonano skrótowej charakterystyki badanej populacji. Zaprezentowano wyniki badań dotyczące wybranych uwarunkowań zarządzania procesami logistycznymi w badanych przedsiębiorstwach w latach 2018–2020.

EN

The article constitutes the first part of the study which aim is to present changes in supply chain management before the COVID-19 pandemic and in the first months of this pandemic as well as to assess the influence of these changes on building a competitive advantage on the example of the selected Polish production, trade and service enterprises. It presents the essence and directions of managing contemporary supply chains. The research methodology has been described and a short description of the examined population has been made. The results of the research concerning selected conditions for managing logistics processes in the surveyed enterprises in 2018–2020 have been presented.

17

Wykorzystanie technologii Big Data do predykcji ryzyka opóźnień w łańcuchu dostaw

Wyrembek Mateusz

Gospodarka Materiałowa i Logistyka

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2022

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nr 6

29--36

PL

W ostatnich latach coraz większą uwagę poświęca się zastosowaniu technologii Big Data, uczenia maszynowego oraz sztucznej inteligencji (artificial intelligence — AI). Przedsiębiorstwa dążą do przewagi konkurencyjnej poprzez odpowiednie zastosowanie analityki danych. Technologia Big Data może być wykorzystywana w wielu różnych branżach, np. w branży transportowej czy medycznej, a potencjalnie we wszystkich. Olbrzymim problem w łańcuchu logistycznym jest ryzyko opóźnień, na które może wpływać wiele czynników, m.in. nieczytelna etykieta na przesyłce, brak pracowników magazynowych czy kongestia w miastach. Artykuł koncentruje się na zastosowaniu technologii Big Data do wykrywania ryzyka opóźnień w łańcuchach dostaw produktów leczniczych. Jego celem jest przedstawienie koncepcji dużych zbiorów danych, architektury Big Data dla łańcucha dostaw produktów leczniczych oraz zaprezentowanie wyników badań związanych z predykcją ryzyka opóźnień dzięki implementacji tej architektury w rzeczywistym przedsiębiorstwie. Postawiony cel zdeterminował wybór następujących metod badawczych: analizy literatury oraz modelowania, które pozwoliło zaprojektować i wdrożyć architekturę dla łańcucha dostaw w badanym przedsiębiorstwie. W ostatniej części artykułu zaprezentowano model regresji logistycznej do przewidywania opóźnień w łańcuchu dostaw produktów leczniczych. W ramach badań ustalono, że model ma wysoką zdolność predykcyjną.

EN

In recent years, more and more attention has been paid to the use of Big data technology, machine learning and AI. Enterprises strive for a competitive advantage through the appropriate use of data analytics. Big data can be used in many different industries, e.g. in the transport or medical industry, and potentially in all of them. A huge problem in the supply chain is the risk of delay, which may be influenced by many factors, including illegible label on the package, lack of warehouse workers or congestion in cities. The article focuses on the use of Big Data technology to detect the risk of delays in the supply chains of medicinal products. Its purpose is to present the concept of Big Data, Big Data architecture for the drug supply and to present the results of research related to the prediction of the risk of delays in its implementation in a real enterprise. The set goal determined the choice of the following research methods: analysis of literature and the use of modeling, which allowed to design and implement the architecture for the drug supply chain to collect data in the studied enterprise. The last part of the article presents a logistic regression model for predicting delays in the supply chain of medicinal products. The research established that the model has a high predictive ability.

18

Strategie wzrostu odporności łańcuchów dostaw w turystyce

Witkowski Jarosław

Gospodarka Materiałowa i Logistyka

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2022

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nr 10

2--7

PL

W wyniku pandemii COVID-19 wzrost odporności stał się priorytetem dla większości globalnych łańcuchów dostaw w przemyśle i handlu. Mimo wielu badań i analiz dotyczących międzynarodowych łańcuchów dostaw w przemyśle i handlu występuje luka poznawcza dotycząca odporności łańcuchów dostaw w turystyce. Dlatego głównym celem artykułu jest zidentyfikowanie struktury podmiotowej oraz istoty zarządzania turystycznymi łańcuchami dostaw, co pozwoli na przeprowadzenie wstępnej analizy przydatności zalecanych w działalności produkcyjno-handlowej sześciu strategii wzmacniania ich odporności z perspektywy działalności turystycznej. Metodyka artykułu bazuje przede wszystkim na studiach literatury przedmiotu, analizie logicznej i obserwacji uczestniczącej. Dlatego konkluzje będące rezultatem logicznej dedukcji powinny być dodatkowo zweryfikowane w drodze dalszych badań empirycznych.

EN

As a result of pandemic COVID-19, the increasing resilience has become the priority for most global supply chains. Despite of many studies and analyses concerning the resilience of international supply chains in industry and trade after pandemic COVID-19, there is cognitive gap concerning resilience in touristic supply chains. Therefore the main aim of the paper is identification the structure as well as essence of touristic supply chains management concept. Based on the idea of touristic supply chain the expected utility of six major strategies to build greater resilience in industry and trade will be preliminary analysed from the tourism activity perspective. The methodology of the paper is mainly based on literature review, logical analysis as well as participant observation. Therefore the conclusions as a result of logical deduction should be additionally verified by further empirical research.

19

Kierunki modyfikacji zarządzania łańcuchami dostaw w perspektywie przyszłości

Banaszyk Piotr

Gospodarka Materiałowa i Logistyka

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2022

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nr 6

2--9

PL

Celem artykułu jest ocena stanu i wskazanie przyszłych przekształceń międzynarodowych łańcuchów dostaw. Zastosowano metodę analizy i krytycznej oceny stanu oraz projekcję zmian badanej dziedziny. Pandemię COVID-19 i wojenną agresję na Ukrainę należy uznać za poważną cezurę zmieniającą myślenie o kształtowaniu i zarządzaniu międzynarodowymi łańcuchami dostaw. Dotychczasowy standard zarządzania nimi, opierający się na pasożytniczej pogoni za często nienależną nadwyżką finansową, powinien zostać zredefiniowany. Postuluje się, aby dążyć do ukształtowania symbiotycznych łańcuchów zarządzanych relacyjnie i przyczyniających się do modernizacji społeczno-gospodarczej krajów słabiej rozwiniętych. Należy też spodziewać się przedsięwzięć na rzecz budowy większego stopnia odporności tych łańcuchów poprzez mniej rygorystyczne traktowanie potrzeby odchudzania łańcuchów, a w większym stopniu ich zazieleniania. Zmierzając też do redukcji ryzyka ekonomicznego, należy spodziewać się minimalizacji długości korytarzy transportowych, co oznacza relokację geograficzną firm tworzących łańcuchy dostaw.

EN

The aim of the article is to assess the condition and indicate future transformations of international supply chains. The method of analysis and critical assessment of the state as well as a projection of changes in the studied field were used. The COVID-19 pandemic and the military aggression against Ukraine should be considered a major turning point that changes the way people think about shaping and managing international supply chains. The current standard of their management, based on a parasitic pursuit of often undue financial surplus, should be redefined. It is postulated to strive for the formation of symbiotic chains of relationship management that contribute to the socio-economic modernization of less developed countries. To be also expect projects to build a greater degree of resilience of these chains by less stringent treatment of the need to lean the chains and to a greater degree to green them. When also aiming to reduce economic risk, the length of transport corridors should be expected to be minimized, which means the geographical relocation of companies forming supply chains.

20

IoT sensors in supply chain management — Raben Group case study

Pawlicka Kinga, Grabański Szymon

Gospodarka Materiałowa i Logistyka

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2022

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nr 8

18--25

EN

Currently companies are facing the need to improve the efficiency of logistics processes by providing up-to-date information about storage and transport conditions to their customers. This necessitates the use of the Internet of Things (IoT) as well as processing and analysing large data sets. The authors asked themselves about the effects of implementation of IoT sensors which was the reason for taking up this topic. The authors put forward a hypothesis: The use of IoT sensors can positively affect the work and reduce costs in the company. To verify this hypothesis two objectives have been adopted. The first, of a theoretical nature, consists in setting out the definitional framework and possibilities of using the IoT in supply chain management. The second, of a practical nature, concerns the presentation of the implementation of the IoT and determining the potential effects and benefits for Raben Group. One of the most important achievements of this article is a literature review on the effects of IoT implementation. The implementation of IoT technology in Raben Group has allowed for achieving business results such as: increasing data quality, freeing employees from monotonous work, increasing system redundancy, increasing supply chain transparency and reducing costs. The article is an original approach to the effects of implementation of IoT sensors by indicating ones which are the most common in the literature as well as those observed by Raben Group.

PL

Obecnie przedsiębiorstwa mierzą się z koniecznością podnoszenia efektywności procesów magazynowania i transportu poprzez udostępnianie bieżącej informacji o warunkach składowania i przewozu swoim klientom. Wymusza to konieczność stosowania rozwiązań i technologii Internetu Rzeczy (IoT) sensorów, czujników oraz przetwarzania i analizy dużych zbiorów danych. Autorzy zadali sobie pytanie o efekty wdrożenia czujników IoT, co było przyczynkiem do podjęcia tej tematyki. Autorzy postawili hipotezę: zastosowanie czujników IoT może pozytywnie wpłynąć na pracę i obniżyć koszty w firmie. Aby zweryfikować tę hipotezę, przyjęto dwa cele. Pierwszy, o charakterze teoretycznym, polega na określeniu ram definicyjnych i możliwości wykorzystania IoT w zarządzaniu łańcuchem dostaw. Drugi, o charakterze praktycznym, dotyczy prezentacji wdrożenia IoT oraz określenia potencjalnych efektów i korzyści dla Grupy Raben. Wdrożenie technologii IoT w Grupie Raben pozwoliło na osiągnięcie wyników biznesowych takich jak: podniesienie jakości danych, uwolnienie pracowników od monotonnej pracy, zwiększenie redundancji systemów, zwiększenie przejrzystości łańcucha dostaw oraz obniżenie kosztów. Artykuł jest oryginalnym podejściem do efektów wdrożenia sensorów IoT poprzez wskazanie tych najczęściej wymienianych w literaturze oraz zaobserwowanych przez Grupę Raben.