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Ocena zanieczyszczenia osadów antropogenicznych zbiorników wodnych w centralnej części Wyżyny Katowickiej

Pasieczna A., Bojakowska I.

Przegląd Geologiczny

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2016

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Vol. 64, nr 10

806--813

EN

The paper deals with sediments of anthropogenic reservoirs from the central part of the Katowice Upland. Over most of the area, the original relief was considerably altered due to many-years’ mining of hard coal, historical mining and processing of zinc-lead ores, smelting of iron and non-ferrous metals, and chemical and machinery industries. The changes in land surface give rise to mining collapse areas transformed to water reservoirs. Sediment samples (103 samples in total) were collected form artificial lakes, ponds and settling ponds. Samples were air-dried, sieved through a 0.2-mm nylon sieve and digested in aqua regia. Contents ofAg, Al, As, Ba, Ca, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mg, Mn, Mo, Ni, P Pb, S, Sn, Sr, Ti, Vand Zn in the samples were determined by the ICP-OES method. Mercury content was measured using the CV-AAS method. To assess the extent of sediment contamination the Index of Geoaccumulation (Igeo) and the ecotoxicological (Threshold Effect Concentration and Probable Effect Concentration) criterion were used. The sediments show very different chemical compositions. The content of trace elements varies from values lower than the regional geochemical background of the Silesian-Cracow region to extremely high concentrations. Distribution of many toxic chemical elements is characterized by high spatial variability and a strong dependence on the location of pollution sources. About 60% of analysed samples were heavily contaminated due to the very high concentration of cadmium (up to 905.9 mg/kg), lead (up to 25,081 mg/kg) and zinc (up to 45,361 mg/kg) as well as arsenic (up to 2,220 mg/kg), chromium (up to 901 mg/kg) and mercury (up to 11.80 mg/kg). Due to the concentration of metals (TEC and PEC values) almost 80% of the sediments can be harmful to aquatic organisms, as well as to wild animals that consume them. The main cause of harm is the very high concentrations of cadmium, lead and zinc, less of silver, arsenic, chromium, copper and nickel.

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Exposure of whitefish (Coregonus lavaretus) eggs to native or chemically spiked sediments from Lake Thun does not lead to abnormal gonad development

Bernet D., Wahli T., Gerecke A., Segner H.

Environmental Biotechnology

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2011

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Vol. 7, No. 1

17-29

EN

A high number of whitefish, Coregonus lavaretus, from Lake Thun, Switzerland, display gonad malformations. We tested the hypothesis that exposure to sediment-borne contaminants during the embryonic life results in the development of malformed gonads later in ontogeny. The investigated contaminants were 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT), which may leak from residues in the lake sediments as consequence of former ammunition dumping into Lake Thun, as well as sulfonated naphthalene formaldehyde condensates (SNFC), which are introduced into the lake from wastewater disposals of a nearby tunnel construction site. Experimentally, whitefish eggs were exposed during 52 days from fertilization until hatching to a) an artificial sediment (control), b) an artificial sediment spiked with TNT (0.5mg*kg-1 dry weight), c) SNFC compounds dissolved in water (3µg*l-1 of each naphthalene-1-sulphonate, naphthalene-2-sulphonate, naphthalene-1,5-disulphonate, naphthalene-2,7-disulphonate), and d) sediment from Lake Thun sampled in an ammunition dumping area. To mimic in situ exposure of the eggs to the sediment-water-interface under laboratory conditions, we developed a novel contact incubation technique. After hatching, fish were reared in tap water for three years until they reached sexual maturity, and were then examined for the presence of gonad malformations. No malformations were observed in the control, in the TNT and SNFC treatment groups. In fish incubated during the embryonic stage on Lake Thun sediment, 2 out of 117 adult males (1.7%) displayed malformed gonads, which is significantly lower than levels of gonad malformations in wild whitefish from Lake Thun (on average 29% in males, 12% in females). The results from our experiment provide no evidence that sediment contamination with TNT or SNFC compounds is a causative factor for the induction of gonad malformations in Lake Thun whitefish.

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Zanieczyszczenie środowiska wodnego zlewni zbiornika czorsztyńskiego związkami chromu

Szalińska E., Jasztal A., Krzyszkowski M.

Gospodarka Wodna

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2003

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Nr 4

160-162

PL

Na podstawie pomiarów wykonancych w latach 1995-2001 określono wpływ ścieków z zakładów garbarskich na jakość wód i zanieczyszczenie osadów dennych w zlewni zbiornika czorsztyńskiego.

EN

On the basis of measurements carried out in the years 1995-2001 there has been determined the impact of tannery wastes on the quality of water and state of pollution of bottom sediments in the catchment area of the Czorsztyn reservoir.

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Ocena zanieczyszczenia metalami ciężkimi osadów dennych górnej i środkowej Odry

Rybicka E. H., Sikora W. S., Wójcik R., Wardas M., Strzebońska M., Adamiec E., Łagan Ł.

Gospodarka Wodna

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2000

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Nr 8

300-304

PL

Przedstawiono wyniki badań dotyczących zawartości metali ciżkich we frakcji drobnoziarnistej (

EN

The paper presents results of investigation into content of heavy metals in the fine-grained fraction (<20 mi g) of bottom sediments in the Upper and Middle Odra river and their buffer properties and ability to liberate the adsorbed metals.