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2 Acta of Bioengineering and Biomechanics

2 2012

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Three-dimensional analysis of the pelvic and hip mobility during gait on a treadmill and on the ground

Staszkiewicz R., Chwała W., Forczek W., Laska J.

Acta of Bioengineering and Biomechanics

2012

Vol. 14, no. 2

83-89

Pelvic girdle combines two units: passenger and locomotor. That is why the importance of this part of the body is emphasized by all researchers in terms of gait economy. The purpose of our research was to determine the changes of pelvic girdle mobility and hip joint in men in three planes of movement (sagittal, frontal and horizontal) during gait at a speed of 5 km/h. The methodology used here aimed at assessing the impact of the surface (ground or treadmill) on the mobility in those planes. To register overground and treadmill locomotion we applied: Vicon 250, Cardionics Treadmill 3113. The sample of the study was the group of 30 men aged between 21 and 23. The analysis of the results revealed the biggest impact of the type of surface on both pelvis and hip joint in the transverse plane. When the subjects moved on the natural ground, the pelvic range of motion (ROM) in this plane was more than twice wider than that in treadmill walking. Whereas in the case of hip joint, significantly higher ROM values occurred in the transverse plane during walking on the treadmill.

Changes of kinematic gait parameters due to pregnancy

Forczek W., Staszkiewicz R.

Acta of Bioengineering and Biomechanics

2012

Vol. 14, no. 4

113-119

When a woman becomes pregnant her body undergoes tremendous changes hormonally and anatomically. Our survey revealed very little literature on biomechanics of gait in gravidas and lack of consensus among scientists in pregnancy-related mechanisms of body adaptation. That is why the authors felt encouraged to determine the effect of pregnancy on the biomechanical pattern of walking. To investigate alterations in natural locomotion, we used a 3D motion-analysis system Vicon. The inclusion criteria aimed at selecting only healthy subjects (n = 13). Each woman participated in 3 sessions: before pregnancy, during the last trimester of gestation and, finally, half year after delivery. For the purpose of this study, selected kinematic parameters for pregnant and non-pregnant conditions were compared. Gravid women performed lower velocity of their gait and lower frequency of steps. The length of their step decreased in comparison to pre pregnancy state. The results did not reveal any changes in the range of motion of the ankle, knee and hip in different physiological conditions. However, we observed increased base of support and double support phase in gravidas comparing to non pregnant states (by about 10%). This finding indicates that there is a tendency to maximize safety in gait during pregnancy.