Wyniki wyszukiwania - BazTech

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Odciążone komory. Chemiczne wspomaganie procesu grawitacyjnego zagęszczania osadów zmieszanych

Maciołek Piotr

Kierunek Wod-Kan

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2019

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Nr 1

52--56

PL

Badania przeprowadzone na Oczyszczalni Ścieków „Jamno” pokazują, że poprzez kondycjonowanie osadów zmieszanych polimerem kationowym Superfloc C18512 można zmniejszyć hydrauliczne obciążenie komór fermentacyjnych, przy równoczesnym zachowaniu niskiej zawartości zawiesiny w wodach nadosadowych.

2

Rola procesu zagęszczania w przeróbce osadów ściekowych

Sadecka Z.

Ekotechnika

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2007

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nr 2

24-27

3

Kondycjonowanie i zagęszczanie osadów - problem technologiczny i ekonomiczny

Malej J.

Ekotechnika

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2006

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nr 1

37-42

4

Technika dezintegracji ultradźwiękowej w technologii ścieków i osadów ściekowych

Wolny L., Kamizela T.

Ekologia i Technika

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2003

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R. 11, nr 1

3-7

EN

With the higher standards of wastewater treatment and sewage sludge utilization the higher requirements for effectiveness of employed processes are also set. Further more, the quantity and the characteristics of sewage sludge and particularly the presence of questionable sludge (i.e. floating, bulking activated sludge, municipal-industrial mixed sludge) cause significant problems connected with costs and conditions of utilization. In the paper the possibility of ultrasounds application in environmental engineering is presented. The ultrasonic disintegration technique can be described as an agent facilitating sewage sludge sedimentation, thickening, stabilization and dewatering. However, the direct application of ultrasounds depends on physical parameters of ultrasonic waves. The increase in effectiveness of the different stages of sewage treatment with ultrasonic field application requires laboratory analysis. With the reference to the available knowledge and research experience, the ultrasonic technique was feasible to employ. According to the literature cited in the paper, the application of ultrasounds in environmental engineering is implemented in sewage sludge treatment and utilization. The equipment and parameters for application of ultrasounds are already known in order to design equipment for industrial purposes and carry out pilot tests.

5

Energooszczędne modyfikacje metod przeróbki osadów ściekowych

Sadecka Z.

Ochrona Środowiska

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2002

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nr 3

27-30

EN

The cuts in energy consumption have directed the attention of environmental scientists and engineers to the problem of how to minimize the total energy demand in wastewater treatment plants. In the past decade, it has been not only the increasing number of wastewater treatment plants brought into operation, or the tough demands made on the quality of the effluents discharged into the recipients, but also the implementation of more effective technological trains that have noticeably increased the volume of the sewage sludge produced. The present paper provides examples of modernized technological trains enabling disposal of sewage sludges at reduced operating costs. Consideration is given to the importance of the power generation by the plant itself in the course of sludge processing, and to the problem of effective sludge management.

6

Zastosowanie separatora Lamella-Johnson do klarowania silnie zanieczyszczonych wód powierzchniowych

Wilmański K.

Ochrona Środowiska

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2001

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nr 3

33-36

EN

Investigated was the clarification of backwashing water with a simultaneous thickening of the sludge which forms during water treatment in a Lamella-Johnson separator equipped with a sludge tank and a sludge scraper. The efficiency of both the clarification and thickening processes was found to be high. The quality of the effluents from the backwash of the dual bed filters (operated in the direct filtration mode at the Waterworks of Kozłowa Góra) was described. The Lamella-Johnson separator under test was a pilot-plant model with a capacity of 3 m[3]/h. The advantages of using a multiplate settling tank were substantiated, and the optimal water flow velocity was determined. Consideration was also given to the rate of sludge thickening in the tank equipped with a scraper. The contribution of flu coagulants and polyelectrolytes to the efficiency of water clarification and sludge thickening was examined, and the optimum doses of relevant reagents were established. The results obtained with the Lamella-Johnson separator model were compared td those achieved with a classical settling tank. Thus, the quality of the clarified water was sufficiently high to make it fit for recirculation. The sludge thickened in the Lamella-Johnson separator had a high solids (40 g/dm[3], on average) and volatile suspended solids (55%) content and could be dewatered mechanically.

7

Zmiany ilościowe ładunku zanieczyszczeń w cieczy nadosadowej w procesie zagęszczania osadu czynnego

Malej J., Boguski A.

Rocznik Ochrona Środowiska

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2000

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Tom 2

221-236

PL

W czasie zagęszczania i odwadniania osadów następuje w różnym stopniu uwalnianie związków azotu i fosforu. Podczas fermentacji osadów, ciecz nadosadowa jest bardzo zanieczyszczona związkami biogennymi oraz substancjami organicznymi. Ciecz nadosadowa może zawierać od kilku do 30% ładunku zanieczyszczeń surowych ścieków [1,2,3,9]. W badaniach nad zagęszczaniem i odwadnianiem osadów na miejskiej oczyszczalni ścieków o przepustowości Qśrd = 33000 m3/d ustalono bilans związków biogennych w cieczy nadosadowej i w odcieku z wirówki, przedstawiony w tabeli 1 i 2 [11,16,28]. W wyniku zastosowania reagentów uzyskano skuteczne obniżenie ładunku zanieczyszczeń w cieczy nadosadowej; podczas zagęszczania osadu czynnego. Zastosowane dwa rodzaje reagentów o zmiennych dawkach (rysunek nr 12) powodowały zakwaszenie lub alkalizację środowiska w zależności od dawki: bentonit + Ca(OH)2 - mieszanina alkalizująca pH 8,3÷10,6, PIX - reagent zakwaszający pH 6,2÷5,2. Uzyskano wysoką obniżkę: fosforanów, utlenialności, zawiesiny ogólnej, i suchej pozostałości. Wyższe obniżki uzyskano stosując PIX: obniżenie fosforanów: 76,20÷92,33%, dla PIX, 49,76÷88,31%, dla bentonitu + Ca(OH)2. obniżenie utlenialności: 45,00÷72,70%, dla PIX, 4,10÷55,00%, dla bentonitu + Ca(OH)2. Obniżenie zawiesiny ogólnej i suchej pozostałości była wyrównana dla zmiennych dawek dwu reagentów: zawiesina ogólna, 93,50÷96,00%, sucha pozostałość, 94,00÷92,00%. Stwierdzono, że najskuteczniejszą była najmniejsza dawka reagenta PIX - 0,1 ml/l, w odniesieniu do klarowania cieczy. W miarę zwiększania dawki, pogarszało się klarowanie cieczy, co uwidoczniało się w zmniejszonej obniżce zawiesiny ogólnej od 95,00 do 72,30%. W odniesieniu do innych wskaźników zanieczyszczeń obniżka wzrastała wraz ze zwiększeniem dawki reagentów. Za optymalny reagent w procesie kondycjonowania osadów lub oczyszczania wód nadosadowych - można uznać bentonit + Ca(OH)2. Reagent alkalizujący obok skuteczności w obniżce ładunków zanieczyszczeń ogranicza przechodzenie metali ciężkich do wód osadowych. Powszechnie uznaje się, że stopień przechodzenia metali z osadów do cieczy np. nadosadowej - uwarunkowany jest potencjałem oksydoredukcyjnym i odczynem danego środowiska. Umiarkowana alkalizacja recyrkulatu dopływającego do reaktora z osadem czynnym jest korzystna z uwagi na proces nitryfikacji.

EN

During sludge thickening and dewatering phosphorus and nitrogen compounds are freed in various degrees. During fermentation of sludge, sedimentation water is very polluted with nutrient compounds and organic substances. Sedimentation water may include for few to 30% of contamiants load in the raw sewage. Phosphates load in this water may reach even 45% of phosphorus load included in the sludge directed to a fermentation chamber. That is why the sedimentation water from sludge coming from reactor with biological dephosphatation requires phosphates removal, before it is directed back to the sewage treatment system. To minimise turning phosphorus back along with sedimentation water to the main system of sewage treatment following methods are proposed: preconditioning of sludge, using mainly different reagents; preservation of maximum oxygen conditions in the sludge processing processes, by for example: flotation thickening with solved air; preaeration of sludge before they are thickened; sedimentation water treatment, using, most often, coagulation with iron or aluminium salts. This paper shows results of research on possibility of sedimentation water's pollution reduction during activated sludge thickening, using following reagents: Ca(OH)2 + bentonite and PIX (Fe2(SO4)3). Results of the research allow drawing following conclusions: As a result of reagents usage, during activated sludge thickening, effective reduction of contaminants load in the sedimentation water was achieved. Two kinds of used reagents with different doses (Fig. 12) caused acidification or alkalisation of the medium depending on dose: bentonite + Ca(OH)2 - alkalising mixture pH 8.3÷10.6, PIX - acidifying reagent pH 6.2÷5.2. High reduction of phosphates, oxygen consumption, total suspension and dry residue were achieved. Higher reduction was achieved using PIX: phosphates reduction: 76.20÷92.33%, for PIX, 49.76÷88.31%, for bentonite + Ca(OH)2. oxygen consumption reduction: 45.00÷72.70%, for PIX, 4.10÷55.00%, for bentonite + Ca(OH)2. Reduction of total suspension and dry residue was similar for various doses of two reagents: total suspension, 93.50÷96.00%, dry residue, 94.00÷92.00%. It was affirmed that the most effective dose of PIX reagent was the smallest one- 0.1 ml/l, with reference to the water clarification. Along with dose increase, clarification of the water deteriorated, and it appeared in the decreased reduction of total suspension, from 95.00 to 72.30%. Taking into consideration other contamination indexes, reduction increased along with reagent dose increase. Bentonite + Ca(OH)2 may be considered as a optimal reagent in the process of sludge conditioning or sedimentation water treatment. Alkalising reagent beside effectiveness in contaminants load reduction, limits heavy metals passing through to sedimentation water. It is commonly considered, that degree of heavy metals passing through from sludge to water (for example sedimentation) is conditioned on oxidoreductional potential and reaction of given medium. Moderate alkalisation of recirculate directed to the reactor with activated sludge is beneficial when considering nitrification process. It was affirmed, that alkalising reagents (Ca(OH)2 + bentonite) are more effective in contaminants load reduction in sedimentation water and have good influence on nitrification process, which in many cases causes significant consumption of alkalinity. Inflow of recirculate to reaction chambers with increased pH is favourable.

8

Wpływ polielektrolitów na zagęszczanie grawitacyjne osadów pokoagulacyjnych

Jagoszewski T., Świderska-Bróż M.

Ochrona Środowiska

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2000

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nr 1

7-10

EN

The experiments involved two types of coagulation sludge non-conditioned and conditioned with cation and onion polyelectrolytes made by CIBA. The proneness of non-conditioned sludge to gravity thickening was found to increase with the initial water content and with the proportion of iron compounds in the dry matter. Polyelectrolyte-aided-conditioning produced agglomeration of solid particles, thus shortening the duration of the thickening process. Another major advantage was the reduction of turbidity, as well as the decrease of iron and aluminium concentrations, in the supernatant (though, there was a rise in COD). The positive effect of the conditioning process on the decrease of water content and sludge volume was found to be inversely proportional to the initial water content. That is why the presence of polyelectrolytes upgraded the thickening effect in sludges which were less prone to gravity thickening. Of the investigated conditioning agents, Zetag 87 (a cation polyelectrolyte) was the most effective.

9

Woda z duńskim wsadem

Podlipniak P.

Przegląd Komunalny

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1999

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nr 10

34-34

PL

Nowe zagraniczne fundusze na ekologiczne inwestycje dla Radomia pozyskała spółka gminna Wodociągi Miejskie. W komunalnej oczyszczalni ścieków w Lesiowie powstanie nowoczesna linia do tzw. wstępnego odwadniania i zagęszczania osadów. Grant w wysokości 2 milionów koron przekazała na ten cel agencja Ochrony Środowiska rządu Danii.