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Polish climate policy in the opinion of young Poles - a pilot survey

Paradowska Monika, Platje Johannes, Suchecka Aleksandra

Economics and Environment

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2023

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No. 4

1--22

EN

As established in the Europe 2020 Strategy and the European Green Deal, combating climate change is one of the central elements of the European Union’s policy. As a member, Poland is obliged to develop and implement climate policy in order to reduce greenhouse gas emissions so climate neutrality can be achieved by 2050. In the context of low political priority for the Polish government, the study aims to identify the level of awareness, perceptions, and attitudes of young Poles towards climate change, as well as their assessment of climate policy. To achieve this aim, a nonrandom sampling pilot survey was conducted among young Poles in spring 2022, using an electronic questionnaire made available via social media. While the results show respondents’ awareness of and rather high interest in the threats posed by climate change, in-depth knowledge of climate change, climate policy, and its socioeconomic implications is lacking. The progress in and effectiveness of climate policy in Poland is rather assessed negatively. Based on the results, key directions for future actions are suggested for the young generation to become a force in creating a more effective climate policy.

PL

Jako kraj członkowski Unii Europejskiej, która w ramach strategii Europa 2020, a następnie Europejskiego Zielonego Ładu uczyniła przeciwdziałanie zmianie klimatu jednym z centralnych elementów swojej polityki zewnętrznej, Polska jest zobowiązana do rozwoju i wdrążania polityki klimatycznej w celu ograniczenia emisji gazów cieplarnianych i osiągnięcia neutralności klimatycznej do 2050 r. W kontekście niskiego priorytetu politycznego tego zobowiązania dla polskiego rządu, niniejszy artykuł ma na celu zidentyfikowanie poziomu świadomości oraz postaw młodych Polaków wobec zmian klimatu, a także rozpoznanie ich oceny polityki klimatycznej. Aby osiągnąć założony cel, wiosną 2022 r. w oparciu o nielosowy dobór próby przeprowadzono wśród młodych Polaków pilotażowe badania ankietowe za pomocą elektronicznego kwestionariusza udostępnionego przez media społecznościowe. Wyniki wykazały świadomość respondentów oraz względnie duże zainteresowanie zagrożeniami wynikającymi ze zmian klimatu, jednak zabrakło pogłębionej wiedzy na temat zmian klimatu, polityki klimatycznej oraz jej społeczno-ekonomicznej implikacji. Raczej negatywnie oceniono również zaawansowanie i skuteczność polityki klimatycznej w Polsce. W oparciu o wyniki badań zaproponowano kluczowe kierunki przyszłych działań, dzięki którym młode pokolenie może stać się siłą napędową dla tworzenia bardziej skutecznej polityki klimatycznej.

2

The Impact of Overstory Species and Soil Properties on the Growth of Planted Silver Fir Abies alba in the Karkonosze Mountains, Poland

Dobrowolska Dorota, Pawlak Bogdan, Olszowska Grażyna

Polish Journal of Ecology

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2021

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Vol. 69, nr 1

14--24

EN

Silver fir Abies alba was once an abundant tree species in the Karkonosze Mts. in Poland but its population has decreased. The aim of our study was to assess 1) the impact of canopy trees on the growth dynamics of silver fir saplings and 2) the relationship between the growth rate of silver fir saplings and the soil properties, with special regard to the soil enzyme activity. The study was conducted in the Karkonoski National Park on five experimental plots. Silver fir seedlings were planted in Scots pine, European larch, Norway spruce, silver birch and European beech stands in 1999. In 2016, we measured the diameter at breast height (DBH) and height of the canopy trees and the height, DBH, height increments, needle width and length of 100 silver fir saplings. The dehydrogenase, urease, phosphatase and asparaginase activity was analysed in organic and humus soil horizons. The height, diameter and needle dimensions of young silver fir trees were significantly different under different canopies. The urease and asparaginase activity was the highest under the larch and spruce canopy in both soil horizons. Phosphatase activity was also the highest under larch canopy but only in organic soil horizon. Young silver fir (thicket) has grown under the canopy of all tested tree species but found best growth conditions under larch and pine canopies. The relative growth of silver fir is therefore a function of both stand canopy and soil properties.

3

Low-Intensity Cutting Leads to Similar Forest Structure and Tree Diversity as in Protected Stands

Dobrowolska Dorota, Orman Olga, Tiwari Ravi M.

Polish Journal of Ecology

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2020

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Vol. 68, nr 2

145--158

EN

Forest structure in Europe has been shaped by forest management which may vary from intensive clearcuttings to single-tree selection cuttings. Most investigations on silver fir forests have been carried out in the mountains. Forests in lowlands have been less studied, although many of them are of natural origin. We investigated and assessed potential stand structural differences between managed and partially protected mixed silver fir stands. We also assessed the impact of silvicultural activities that led to the development of current stand structures of mixed Abies alba stands. The study was conducted in Janów Forests in south-eastern Poland. We randomly established 40 circular nested plots in three managed and three partially protected stands. Although both managed and partially protected stands differed in the intensity of management and the type of selection cuttings, we found little difference in the composition and stand structure. Regardless of management intensity all stands were characterized by diversified natural regeneration, where the main tree species, especially in the phase of seedlings, was silver fir. The basal area of standing dead trees was higher for the protected than managed stands, but the differences were not significant, whereas the mean volume of dead standing trees was significantly higher in the reserve. Both in managed and protected stands, silver fir benefited from the management measures mimicking natural processes. Our results suggest that low intensity forest management for silver fir dominated forests will be crucial for conserving these forests and their unique structure in the region.