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Chemical hydrolysis of hemicellulose from sugarcane bagasse. A comparison between the classical sulfuric acid method with the acidic ionic liquid 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium hydrogen sulfate

Rodrigues Marcoaurélio Almenara, da Costa Lopes André M., Lukasik Rafal M.

Acta Innovations

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2023

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no. 46

35--53

EN

Dilute sulfuric acid and acidic ionic liquids are pretreatment methods used to selectively hydrolyze hemicellulose from lignocellulosic biomasses. In this work, a comparison between these techniques is carried out by treating sugarcane bagasse both with 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium hydrogen sulfate at different ionic-liquid and water contents and with H 2 SO 4 at the same conditions and equivalent ionic liquid molar contents. Results from the use of ionic liquid showed that it was possible to tune the biomass treatment either to achieve high hemicellulose hydrolysis yields of 72.5 mol% to very low furan and glucose co-production, or to obtain furfural at moderate yields of 18.7 mol% under conditions of low water concentration. In comparison to the use of ionic liquid, sulfuric acid pretreatment increased hemicellulose hydrolysis yields by 17%, but the 8.6 mol% furfural yield was also higher, and these yields were obtained at high water concentration conditions. Besides, no such tuning ability of the biomass treatment conditions can be made.

2

Thermorefinery: prospects for the second generation of thermo-chemical biomass conversion systems

Karaoglanoglou L., Arvelakis S., Koukios E.

Journal of Machine Construction and Maintenance - Problemy Eksploatacji

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2018

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no. 4

87--97

EN

The ThermoRefinery is a new concept and an associated practice representing the 2nd generation of thermochemical processes for the conversion of renewable feedstocks (biomass and wastes) to fuels, chemicals and other biobased products, while solving the most significant problems limiting the potential of this type of technologies to contribute to global and regional targets. This paper aims at demonstrating the ThermoRefinery approach and its applications, aiming at several objectives: optimising pretreatment processes for each feedstock, including leaching and torrefaction; designing optimal production systems; and, putting together optimal product vectors. The major optimization challenges are taking into account ash chemistry, which affects the ash melting point. These include minimising other ash-related problems, controlling tar content in the producer gas, minimizing emissions, and reducing feedstock handling problems.

PL

Rafineria termiczna to nowa koncepcja i związana z nią praktyka reprezentująca drugą generację procesów termochemicznych w zakresie przekształcania surowców odnawialnych (biomasy i odpadów) na paliwa, chemikalia i inne produkty biologiczne, przy rozwiązywaniu najważniejszych problemów ograniczających potencjał tego typu technologii w zakresie przyczynienia się do realizacji celów globalnych i regionalnych. Niniejszy artykuł ma na celu ukazanie podejścia do rafinerii termicznej i jej zastosowań, mając na uwadze kilka celów: optymalizację procesów obróbki wstępnej dla każdego surowca, w tym wymywanie i toryfikację; projektowanie optymalnych systemów produkcyjnych; łączenie optymalnych wektorów produktów. Głównym wyzwaniem optymalizacyjnym jest uwzględnienie składu chemicznego popiołu, który ma wpływ na temperaturę topnienia popiołu. Obejmuje on minimalizację innych problemów związanych z popiołem, kontrolę zawartości substancji smolistych w gazie produkcyjnym, minimalizację emisji i zmniejszenie problemów z obsługą surowca.

3

Integrated production of biofuels and succinic acid from biomass after thermochemical pretreatments

Kuglarz M., Grübel K.

Ecological Chemistry and Engineering. S

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2018

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Vol. 25, nr 4

521--536

EN

The aim of this study was to develop an effective thermochemical method for treatment of industrial hemp, in order to increase its bioconversion to biofuels and bio-products. Industrial hemp was subjected to various thermochemical pretreatments using: alkaline (3 % NaOH), oxidative (3 % H2O2 at pH 11.5) and glycerol-based methods (70-90 % of glycerol, 1-3 % NaOH), prior to enzymatic hydrolysis with Cellic® CTec2/Cellic® HTec2 (15 FPU∙g−1 glucan). Innovative pretreatment with glycerol fraction (80 % glycerol content, 2 % NaOH, 12.5 % biomass loading) showed to be superior over commonly used alkaline and oxidative methods with respect to by-products generation and sugar losses. Integrated process of ethanol production from enriched cellulose fraction (172 kg EtOH∙Mg−1 of dry hemp) and succinic production from xylose-rich residue after ethanol fermentation (59 kg∙Mg−1 of dry hemp) allowed to convert about 97 % of sugars released (glucose and xylose) during enzymatic hydrolysis of pre-treated biomass. The present study showed that it is possible to replace 50 % of the costly yeast extract, used during succinic fermentation as nitrogen source, by alternative nitrogen source (rapeseed cakes) without significant deterioration of succinic yield. Pretreatment liquor after lignin precipitation (52 kg∙Mg−1 of biomass treated) exhibited a high biodegradability (92 %) and allowed to produce 420 m3 CH4/Mg VS). Results obtained in this study clearly document the possibility of biofuels (bioethanol, biogas) and bio-chemicals production from industrial hemp, in a biorefinery approach.