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Structure, physical properties and fractal characteristics of the arc PVD coatings deposited onto the ceramics materials

Kwaśny W.

Archives of Computational Materials Science and Surface Engineering

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2010

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Vol. 2, nr 4

189-200

EN

Purpose: The goal of the presented study was to develop a methodology giving a possibility to predict functional properties of coatings obtained in the arc PVD process onto the ceramics materials, based on fractal and multi-fractal quantities describing their surface. Design/methodology/approach: Effect of process type and deposition conditions on structure and shape of surface, as well as mechanical and service properties of the obtained coatings were determined. Methodology and detailed description of coatings topography obtained in the PVD process on ceramics materials, including use of the fractal- and multi-fractal geometry based on images obtained on the atomic forces microscope were worked out. Relationships between fractal- and multi-fractal quantities and their mechanical and service properties were determined. Findings: The investigation results confirmed the feasibility to predict the service properties defined in the cutting ability test for coatings obtained in the arc PVD process, based on the surface fractal dimension Ds value for their surface topography. Research limitations/implications: The geometrical features description of surfaces of the coatings obtained in the PVD processes. Practical implications: Determining significant quantitative correlations between fractal quantities defining coatings' surfaces, as well as their service and/or mechanical properties provides the opportunity to predict their end-user properties. Originality/value: Fractal and multifractal analysis gives possibility to characterise the extent of irregularities of the analysed surface in the quantitative way.

2

Selected methods of modelling of polymer during the injection moulding process

Koszkul J., Nabiałek J.

Journal of Achievements in Materials and Manufacturing Engineering

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2007

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Vol. 24, nr 1

253-259

EN

Purpose: The purpose of present paper was presenting chosen results of investigations on polymer flow during mould cavity filling phase of injection process. Advancement in the simulation software make possible to model more phenomena occurring during polymer flow in injection molding process. Design/methodology/approach: The results of computer simulations of injection process have been compared with the results of video recording for the plastic flow during filling phase. For the simulating investigations a professional computer software Moldflow Plastics Insight ver. 6.1. has been employed. A specialized injection mould which enables observation and registration of the plastic flow during processing has been employed. The mould enables direct monitoring of the course of phenomena inside the mould cavity in two planes. To record the flow, a digital video camera has been employed. As an example the issue of stream flow (jeting) have been described. Findings: The results of the investigations enabled documenting of specific phenomena which occur during plastics or their composites injection process. The registered video sequences have been compared with the results of numerical calculations and then it was estimated to what degree the computer simulation of injection process may be useful in practice. Research limitations/implications: The camera enabled to register the flows with the rate of 25 fps. This reduced the scope of the investigations, since at higher plastic flow speeds the registered image became less clear. The investigations were performed on a wide scale, however, only chosen results have been presented. Practical implications: Deep understanding of the phenomena which occur during filling the injection mould may lead to more effective design of the processing tools and shortening of the time for implementation and production time. Originality/value: The transparent sight-glasses have been used, made of a material called ZerodurŽ which is characterized by the coefficient of thermal expansion close to zero.

3

Wibroizolowany przejazd samochodowy

Targosz J.

Mechanics / AGH University of Science and Technology

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2005

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Vol. 24, no. 4

281-289

PL

W pracy przedstawiono problem elementów dróg torowych i samochodowych na ich skrzyżowaniach. Praca dotyczy zagadnień istotnych z punktu widzenia projektowania i budowy przejazdów na skrzyżowaniach transportu samochodowego i torowego. Transportowi towarzyszy nieodłącznie oddziaływanie dynamiczne na otoczenie. Szczególnie w czasie najazdu lub zjazdu ze skrzyżowania tych dróg, ze względu na zgromadzoną w nim wysoką energię kinetyczną (przekraczającą kilkudziesięciokrotnie energię kinetyczną w trakcie jazdy w warunkach normalnych, tzn. na drodze) dochodzi do długotrwałego przenoszenia fali drgającej poprzez grunt na obiekty inżynierskie, zaś powstające w jego wyniku silne drgania mogą doprowadzić do katastrofy lub uszkodzeń fundamentów obiektów, znajdujących się w pobliżu. Opierając się na analizie układu dyskretno-ciągłego podano nową ideę koncepcji rozwiązania wibroizolowanego przejazdu na skrzyżowaniach dróg transportu samochodowego, przedstawiono symulację dynamiki przejazdu pojazdów samochodowych oraz jej wyniki uzyskane przy wykorzystaniu pakietu systemu MSC YisualNastran4D. Przedstawiono także możliwość zastosowania tej koncepcji w konkretnych przypadkach na skrzyżowaniu dróg jezdnych. W wyniku pracy powstały dwa zgłoszenia do Urzędu Patentowego, które przedstawiono w literaturze.

EN

In the article we analyze the problem of elements of railways and car road at their crossings. The work raises issues critical from the perspective of designing and building driveways at the crossings of car and rail transport. Transport of this kind is inherently accompanied by the dynamic effect on the surroundings. Especially at the moment of entering and leaving the crossing due to the kinetic energy accumulated in it (highly exceeding the usual amount of kinetic energy accompanying the "normal" journey i.e. on the road), there is a prolonged transmission of a vibrating wave through soils onto the engineering structures. The resulting strong vibrations may lead to disaster, damage of the foundations of the buildings nearby or other constructions. On the basis of the analysis of the discrete-linear equation we presented a new concept of vibroisolated solution, a passage at the crossings of car transport roads, a simulation of the dynamics of crossing vehicles and its results on the basis of MSC VisualNostron4D System and its possible usage on given crossings. As the result of the research two applications to the Patent Office were created, which are presented in the literature.