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Science commercialisation within university-industry Nexus

Szulczewska-Remi Aleksandra

Zeszyty Naukowe. Organizacja i Zarządzanie / Politechnika Śląska

2024

z. 193

645--666

Purpose: The current challenges science faces from the global market relate mainly to transferring knowledge, technical and scientific ideas to the economy, creating products, and developing processes and technologies promoting Social, Economic and Sustainable Development. Therefore, discussions regarding stimulating research commercialisation, along with university-industry cooperation as part of universities' third mission, persist. In light of these considerations, this research aimed to conceptualise and formulate a definition of research commercialisation in universities, while the second objective involved empirically verifying the incentives and barriers to R&D commercialisation within the university-industry nexus in Central and Eastern European country, Poland. Design/methodology/approach: The commercialisation of scientific research is a complex process that involves multiple stages. It requires the implementation of tasks that are repeated at various points throughout the process. Hence, this research aims to answer the question: what is the approach model to universities' research commercialisation from enterprises' perspective? The study conducted systematic literature reviews and employed the SALSA (Search, Appraisal, Synthesis, Analysis) methodology. The second research question was phrased as: what are the incentives and barriers to R&D commercialisation in the university-industry nexus? Empirical research was employed to address this question through computer-assisted telephone interviews with 44 Polish companies. This qualitative study applied the methodologies which included data categorisation, contextualisation, preliminary within-case analysis, and cross-case analysis. Findings: The research enhances our comprehension of universities' commercialisation process. The literature review enabled the formulation of a definition for science commercialisation and the graphical presentation of universities' commercialisation model. The study also confirmed that collaborating with highly qualified specialists, developing one's own staff during cooperation, exchanging knowledge, and achieving cost savings, e.g. on research and development expenses and acquiring new technologies, were the most significant benefits for respondents. In contrast, the most significant barriers were the lack of receptivity to industry needs, slow actions and decision-making during commercialisation, obsolete laboratories and equipment, as well as bureaucracy. Research limitations: The research was not without constraints. Initially, a few respondents faced time constraints, and subsequently, the absence of visual and non-verbal cues that aid in situating the interviewee as observed in face-to-face interviews may have been lost. Practical implications: The study enhances our comprehension of the process of commercialising research in universities and emphasises the most significant incentives and barriers to university-industry collaboration, as revealed by the respondents. Therefore, some recommendations for policymakers arise from this study, especially in the area of supporting university–industry cooperation. Originality/value: The paper attempts to fulfil the research gap concerning the conceptual representation of universities’ commercialisation process within university-industry nexus. In terms of theoretical implication, detailed literature studies about universities’ research commercialisation and university – industry cooperation were preceded that allowed to answer the first research question. Additionally, empirical studies indicated incentives and barriers for university-industry cooperation. This research line contributes to management literature by complementing triple helix concept and knowledge spillover theory of entrepreneurship.