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Caulking of goafs formed by cave-in mining and its impact on surface subsidence in hard coal mines

Kowalski Andrzej, Białek Jan, Rutkowski Tadeusz

Archives of Mining Sciences

2021

Vol. 66, no. 1

85--100

The impact of caulking of goafs after mining exploitation of a hard coal seam with caving is expressed as the change in value of a a exploitation coefficient which, as defined, is the quotient of the maximum reduction in the surface height of a complete or incomplete trough to the thickness of the exploited seam. The basis for determining the value of the exploitation coefficient was geological and mining data combined with the results of the measurement of subsidence on the surface – measuring line 1222-1301 – of the Ruda mine. There, mining was carried out between 2005 and 2019, with a transverse longwall system and the caulking of goafs. The research team used two methods to determine the impact of the caulking applied in the goafs on the value of the exploitation coefficient. In the first method the goafs are filled evenly along the whole longwall, and in the second method unevenly and on a quarterly basis. The determination of the values of the exploitation coefficients for selected measuring points was preceded by the determination of the parameters of the Knothe-Budryk theory, which was further developed by J. Białek. The obtained dependencies are linear and the values of the correlation coefficients fall between –0.684 and –0.702, which should be considered satisfactory in terms of experimental data. It is possible to reduce the value of the exploitation coefficient by caulking the goafs by about 18%, when filling the goafs to 0.26% of the height of the active longwall.

Implementation of the Least Squares Method in Determining the Parameters of Knothe´s Theory

Witkowski W. T.

Geomatics and Environmental Engineering

2014

Vol. 8, no. 3

107--117

The article presents the currently used method of forecasting the impacts of mining on the surface in Poland. Consideration has been given to the importance of the parameters of Knothe´s theory and the need for the designation for various mining and geological conditions. The paper applied the strict method using the observational equations to determine the parameters of the theory. The proposed calculation algorithm has been implemented in the program Sdlab 5.4.1 and the accuracy of the application has been analyzed. Finally, the program has been used to determine the parameters in different regions of mining.

W artykule przedstawiono obecnie stosowaną metodę prognozowania wpływów górniczych w Polsce. Zwrócono uwagę na znaczenie parametrów teorii Knothego oraz konieczność ich wyznaczenia dla różnych warunków górniczo-geologicznych. Przedstawiono propozycję realizacji metody najmniejszych kwadratów do wyznaczenia parametrów teorii z wykorzystaniem równań obserwacyjnych. Zaproponowany algorytm obliczeniowy zaimplementowano w programie Scilab 5.4.1 i przeprowadzono analizę poprawności działania aplikacji. Na koniec wykorzystano program do wyznaczenia parametrów w różnych rejonach górniczych.