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A selection of the application of Pinus sylvestris L. from Puszcza Notecka by chemical analysis

Zborowska M., Prądzyński W., Kusiak W., Stachowiak-Wencek A., Roszyk E., Moliński W.

Drewno : prace naukowe, doniesienia, komunikaty

2018

vol. 61, nr 202

39--51

Pinus sylvestris L. is the most popular wood material used in building construction and pulp technology. However, it can be also applied for other, more economically beneficial purposes like ethanol, commercial quantities of xylose or glucose as well as substrates for chemical synthesis. The selection of an optimal conversion path of wood should be based on its chemical composition and physical properties. The overall aim of this research was to determine the chemical composition and features of cellulose and lignin structure on a molecular level of Pinus sylvestris L. wood from a primeval forest: Puszcza Notecka was chosen because of its valorisation. The trees from four stands: two from the primeval forest and for comparison two from stands out of the primeval forest were used in the research. The percentage of chemical components of the wood: holocellulose, cellulose, pentosans and lignin as well as components soluble in ethanol and ash were determined. The chemical analysis provided information on the number of wood components. Their variations at a molecular level were investigated by Py-GC/MS, highlighting how the growth place of trees can affect the formation of wood pyrolysis products. The differences between the structures of cellulose and lignin, amidst certain feedstocks were also analysed by FTIR. It was shown that a percentage of the chemical composition of material from the stands in the primeval forest is more homogeneous in comparison to material from other investigated stands. There was a lower content of extractives in wood from the primeval forest which facilitates the gluing and finishing of wood-based materials. A low content of ash in this material gives possibilities to consider using investigated feedstock for energy purposes. The highest content of holocellulose, 77.5%, was found in the wood gained from the primeval forest and this feedstock is the best for obtaining carbohydrate derivatives. Both the low content of lignin and the low content of extractives in wood from Puszcza Notecka allowed them to be applied in the fermentation process. The evaluation of the relative amounts of pyrolysis products deriving from holocellulose and lignin and FTIR analysis highlighted differences between feedstock growing in the compared areas. The results obtained indicated that the trees from Puszcza Notecka are an attractive feedstock for technological branches due to the homogeneous chemical and physical features and they can potentially be used for countless economically-viable applications.