W artykule przedstawiono problem projektowania zrównoważonego w aspekcie wielokryterialnych metod oceny, koncentrując się na wyborze i zastosowaniu w projekcie materiałów budowlanych. Bazując na wytycznych i procedurach takich metod oceny, jak LEED – Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design, BREAM – Building Research Establishment Environmental Assessment Method oraz na innych, dokonano wyboru proekologicznych materiałów budowlanych do zaprojektowania określonych obiektów architektury. Do budowy niskich budynków mieszkalnych jednorodzinnych zastosowano elementy wykonane z odpadów. Do budowy budynku wielofunkcyjnego, wysokiego zastosowano drewno klejone krzyżowo w technologii CLT – Cross Laminated Timber charakteryzujące się dobrymi parametrami proekologicznymi. W projekcie wielofunkcyjnego kompleksu miejskiego zastosowano beton ekologiczny, który radykalnie redukuje ślad węglowy w procesie jego wytwarzania. Analiza właściwości materiałów budowlanych, ich wybór w aspekcie zrównoważonego rozwoju i ich zastosowanie w projektowaniu daje wymierne korzyści w jakości kształtowania środowiska zbudowanego.
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The paper presents the problem of sustainable design in terms of multi-criteria evaluation methods focusing on the selection and use of building materials in the design. Based on the guidelines and procedures of such assessment methods as LEED (Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design), BREAM (Building Research Establishment Environmental Assessment Method), and others, environmentally friendly building materials were selected for the design of specific building structures was made. For the construction of low-rise single-family homes, products made from waste were used. For the construction of a multipurpose, highrise building, the material chosen was cross-laminated timber (CLT), which is characterized by good environmental performance. The design of a multipurpose urban complex used environmentally friendly concrete, the manufacturing process of which has a dramatically reduced carbon footprint. An analysis of the properties of the building materials, their selection in terms of sustainability, and their use in designs provide tangible benefits in terms of the quality of formation of the built environment.
Due to the growing scales of business and internationalisation, the issue of the office lease is becoming more and more relevant for companies. They are becoming an inherent part of business, on which the results of the commercial activity depend. Currently existing methodologies for the assessment of the office lease options are imperfect as they lack complexity; they are not associated with the objective of the lease – the improvement of the business results; the methods of the quantitative assessment of lease options are far from perfect. The paper aims at formulating the hierarchical indicator system of commercial real estate facilities (offices) adjusted for the multi-criteria assessment and at calculating the lease options based on this indicator system. To achieve this goal, the following methods have been used: scientific literature analysis and multi-criteria assessment methods.
Facing increasing business volumes and internationalisation, office lease issue is becoming increasingly relevant to business enterprises. They become an integral part of the business which determines the outcome of commercial activities. Current assessment methodologies for types of office leases are flawed because they lack comprehensiveness and they are not linked to the objective of a lease, that is improvement of business deliverables. The methods for quantitative assessment of lease types are flawed. The objective of this article is developing a hierarchical system of indicators in connection with commercial real estate (office) leases adapted for quantitative assessment using multi-criteria methods. As a result of the research, it has been obtained that such system contains three categories: economic, premises and environmental. 12 indicators fall into the first one, 24 – into the second and 16 – into the third one.
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